2025-01-26

안아줘 - 소향

안아줘(Hug me) - 소향(So-Hyang)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bg0B7fR56ik (소향)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zmwd9nL4E4 (소향)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zfg0Y2noKM (소향(Sohyang) - 나가거든 + 레퀴엠 Lacrimosa(라크리모사-눈물을 흘리며))


[Korean & English Lyrics]


서러운 맘을 못 이겨

Failed to overcome sadness

잠 못 들던 어둔 밤을 또 견디고

bearing dark, sleepless night again

내 절망관 상관없이

No concern with my despair

무심하게도 아침은 날 깨우네 

Morning, with no consideration, wakes me up



상처는 생각보다 쓰리고

Wound more bitter than expected

아픔은 생각보다 깊어 가

Pain more deeper than anticipated

널 원망하던 수많은 밤이

Countless nights blaming you

내겐 지옥 같아 

Is just like hell to me



내 곁에 있어줘 내게 머물러줘

Stand by me, Stay with me

네 손을 잡은 날 놓치지 말아줘

Don't miss your hand that I'm holding on to

이렇게 네가 한 걸음 멀어지면

As you take a step farther,

내가 한 걸음 더 가면 되잖아

All I have to do is to take a step closer

하루에도 수천 번씩

Thousands of times in a day

네 모습을 되뇌이고 생각했어

I repeatedly pictured, thought of your look

내게 했던 모진 말들

harsh words that you spoke to me 

그 싸늘한 눈빛 차가운 표정들 

All those cold eyes and frigid look


넌 참 예쁜 사람이었잖아

You were a beautiful person

넌 참 예쁜 사람이었잖아

You were a beautiful person

제발 내게 이러지 말아줘

Please don't do this to me

넌 날 잘 알잖아

You know me very well

 

내 곁에 있어줘 내게 머물러줘

Stand by me, Stay with me

네 손을 잡은 날 놓치지 말아줘

Don't miss your hand that I'm holding on to

이렇게 네가 한 걸음 멀어지면

As you take a step farther,

내가 한 걸음 더 가면 되잖아

All I have to do is to take a step closer


내겐 내가 없어 난 자신이 없어

To me, I don't have myself

I have no confidence

네가 없는 하루 견딜 수가 없어

Without you, I can't bear a day

이젠 뭘 어떻게 해야 할지 모르겠어

Now I have no idea what to do

네가 없는 난

Me without you

그냥 날 안아줘 나를 좀 안아줘

Just hug me, hug me just for awhile

아무 말 말고서 내게 달려와 줘

Don't have to say anything, run back to me

외롭고 불안하기만 한 맘으로

With lone, uneasy heart

이렇게 널 기다리고 있잖아

waiting for you just like this


난 너를 사랑해 난 너를 사랑해

I love you, I love you

긴 침묵 속에서 소리 내 외칠게

In long distant silence, I will shout it out

어리석고 나약하기만 한 내 마음을

My foolish weak heart


[English Translation]


[Verse 1]

Can't defeat the sadness in my heart

Enduring another sleepless dark night

Regardless of my despair

Morning comes around to wake me


[Pre-Chorus]

The wound is more painful than I thought

And the pain runs deeper in my heart

The countless nights I've spent despising you

Are like hell to me


[Chorus]

Stay by my side, please don't stray away

I'm holding your hands, please don't let me go

If you take a step back

Then I can take a step forward


[Verse 2]

A thousand times a day

I thought of you over and over again

All the hurtful things you said to me

The icy stare and cold expressions


[Pre-Chorus]

You were such a beautiful person

You were such a beautiful person

Please don't do this to me

You know me well, don't you?

See upcoming pop shows

Get tickets for your favorite artists


You might also like

Best Part

Daniel Caesar

Sticky

Tyler, The Creator

Darling, I

Tyler, The Creator


[Chorus]

Stay by my side, please don't stray away

I'm holding your hands, please don't let me go

If you take a step back

Then I can take a step forward


[Bridge]

I'm not myself, I don't have the confidence anymore

I can't stand a day without you by my side

I am clueless of what to do

Without you


[Chorus]

Just hold me, hold on to me

No need for words, just run back to me

With a lonely and anxious heart

I'm waiting for you


[Outro]

I love you, I love you

Breaking the long silence, I cry out

About how foolish and weak my heart really is

사모 - 나훈아

 사모(Adore) - 나훈아(Na-hoon Ah)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6bgwdB-Mxc (환희)

https://youtu.be/AhkdO3_J7WA (김다현)

https://youtu.be/uur5wi--9aY (김영웅)

https://youtu.be/h6qZXBQVtew (나훈아)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=px9MDO_xZOY (송랑)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-A_iKIXwSo (김의영)


* about "나훈아" singer: https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%ED%9B%88%EC%95%84


오소서 님이여 님이시여

촉촉이 젖은 입술로

바람에 업히여 구름에 실려

살짝이 오소서


오소서 님이여 님이시여

선바람 모습 그대로

푸서리길 말고 꽃길을

따라 살짝이 오소서


낙숫물에 머리를 감고

달빛에 머리를 빗고

님이 오시는 길목에 서서

사모하는 가슴앓이 아신다면은


오소서 님이여 님이시여

살짝이 오소서


- [간주] -


낙숫물에 머리를 감고

달빛에 머리를 빗고

님이 오시는 길목에 서서

사모하는 가슴앓이 아신다면은


오소서 님이여 님이시여

잽싸게 오소서

오소서 님이여 님이시여

잽싸게 오소서


[Modern Lyrics]


오세요 님이여 님이시여

촉촉이 젖은 입술로

바람에 업혀서 구름에 실려

남이 모르는 사이에 재빨리 오세요


오세요 님이여 님이시여

지금 차리고 나선 그대로의 차림새 그대로

잡초가 무성하고 거친 길 말고 꽃길을 따라

남이 모르는 사이에 재빨리 오소서


낙숫물에 머리를 감고

달빛에 머리를 빗고

님이 오시는 길목에 서서

사모하는 가슴앓이 아신다면은


오세요 님이여 님이시여

남이 모르는 사이에 재빨리 오세요


- [간주] -


낙숫물에 머리를 감고

달빛에 머리를 빗고

님이 오시는 길목에 서서

사모하는 가슴앓이 아신다면은


오세요 님이여 님이시여

잽싸게 오세요

오세요 님이여 님이시여

잽싸게 오세요


[English Translation]


Come on, My love, My love

With moist lips

carried in the clouds by the wind

Come quickly without others knowing


Come on, come on, come on

Just the way you set it up, just the way you're dressed

along the flower path, not the weedy and rough path

Come quickly without others knowing


I washed my hair in dripping water

I brushed my hair in the moonlight

Standing on your way

If you know the heartache you love


Come on, My love, My love

Come quickly without others knowing


- [Music Playing] -


I washed my hair in dripping water

I brushed my hair in the moonlight

Standing on your way

If you know the heartache you love


Come on, My love, My love

Come quickly

Come on, My love, My love

Come quickly

2025-01-23

Let's learn about "담요를 여분으로 더 주시겠어요?"

담요를 여분으로 더 주시겠어요? = 담요가 더 필요해요 : We need extra blankets, please

담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주시겠어요? :  We need extra blankets up here, please; Please send up more blankets.

ex)

A. 담요가 더 필요해요 : We need extra blankets, please.

B. 몇 개가 더 필요하세요? : How many more would you like?

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 담요를 여분으로 더 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

- 담요가 더 필요하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요가 더 필요하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요가 더 필요한데. (to younger people or friends)
- 담요가 더 필요해. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 담요를 여분으로 더 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 담요가 더 필요하네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 담요가 더 필요한데요. (honourific by '-요')
- 담요가 더 필요해요. (honourific by '-요')
- 담요가 더 필요합니다.. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주실래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주실래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 담요를 여분으로 더 올려 보내 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 나 : I; me (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I; me (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 담요 : [Pronunciation: 담뇨] a blanket; a rug
* -를 : a particle makes 담요 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 여분 : [餘分] [=나머지] surplus, overplus, redundance, redundancy, superfluity
* -으로/-로 : as; A postpositional particle that indicates a thought about something(어떤 사물에 대하여 생각하는 바를 나타내는 조사)

* 더 : more

* 올리다 : (1) [=위로 오르게 하다] raise; lift (up); upraise; elevate; fly; put[get] up; hold up (2) [=계급·등급·지위를 높이다] raise; promote (3) [=증가시키다] increase; [=인상하다] raise; hike; boost
- 깃발을 올리다 : fly[hoist] a flag
- 올려놓다 : put (up)on
- 계급을 올리다 : raise rank / promote to a higher rank[grade]
- 봉급을 올리다 : increase a person's salary
- 집세를 올리다 : raise the rent
- 월급을 15퍼센트 올리다 : raise a person's salary by fifteen percen

* 올려 : 올리(the stem of 올리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 보내다 : send

* 보내 : 보내(the stem of 보내다; 내 + -어 contracted into 내) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : do an effort

* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)

* 옮겨 주다 : do an effort to move something to somewhere

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 나 : I; me (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I; me (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 담요 : [Pronunciation: 담뇨] a blanket; a rug
* -가 : a particle makes 담요 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 더 : more

* 필요 : [必要] (a) necessity ; (a) need ; requirement
- 필요없는 : unnecessary / needless
- 즉각 행동할 필요 : the need for[of] immediate action / the need to act immediately
- 필요에 따라서 : as occasion demands / at need
ㆍ …을 필요로 하다 : need / be[stand] in need of / require / want
ㆍ …할 필요가 있다 : it is necessary / must / have to
ㆍ …할 필요가 없다 : there is no necessity for / need not[don't have to] / [=무익] there is no use in

* 필요하다 : need
* 필요한 : necessary; 필요하(the stem of 필요하다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb present tense and attributive)
- 필요한 것 없으세요? : Do you need anything? 
- 다른 것 필요한 것 없어요? : Do you need anything else?

* 필요한데 : 필요하(the stem of 필요하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into ㄴ) + -ㄴ데(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 필요해요 : 필요하(the stem of 필요하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 필요합니다 : 필요하(the stem of 필요하다; 하 + -ㅂ contracted into 합) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 / -한데 : a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 / -한데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix by '-요'
* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

* 몇 : how much; how many; what

* 개 : [個·箇·介] a piece; a unit; an item
- 도넛 한 개 : a doughnut
- 사과 세 개 : three apples

* -가 : a particle makes 몇 개 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 더 : more

* 필요하다 : need

* 필요하세요? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

Let's learn about "룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인가요?"

룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인가요? : What number do I call/dial for room service?

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번이니? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번이냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번이야? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인가? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번이지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인데? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번인데요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 번호는 몇 번입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* [Memo]
* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]
* 룸 서비스 : room service
* -의 : a suffix makes 룸 서비스 possesive; this omitted

* 번호 : [番號] number
* -는 : a particle makes 룸 서비스의 번호 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted

* 몇 : how much; how many; what

* 번 : [番] (1) [=횟수] a time (2) [=번호] a number; No. (3) [=때·경우] time; occasion
- 두 번 : twice; two times
- 두세 번 : two or three times
- 세 번 : three times; thrice
- 대여섯 번 : five or six times
- 한 번 더 : once more; one again
- 여러 번 : many times; many a time
- 다시 한 번 : once more[again]; one more time
- 첫 번째 : the first
- 두 번째 : the second
- 두 번째 결혼 : one's second marriage
- 두 번째에 : [=2회째] for the second time / [=또다시] for a second time
- 일번 타자 :  『야구(baseball)』 the leadoff batter[man
- 시벨리우스의 작품 1번의 2 : Sibelius opus 1, No. 2
- 번호표 1번을 가진 사람은 앞으로 나오시오 : Whoever has ticket No.1, please step forward
- 내 등록 번호는 824번이다 : My registration number is No. 82
-  「댁의 전화 번호는 몇 번이죠」 「230의 5211~입니다」 : "What is your telephone number?" "230-5211."(=two three oh[zero], five two one one)
- 마지막 열차는 2번 홈에서 출발합니다 : The last train will start from platform No. 2
- 지난 번 : last time / the other day
- 이 번에는 : this time / on this occasion

* -이다 : be

* 입니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -야? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -는데? / -어? / -아? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -는데? / -어? / -아? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -예요? / -이에요? / -입니까? / -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-스-‘ / ‘-요’

Let's learn about "룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능한가요?"

룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능한가요? : How late can I get room service?

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능하니? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능하나? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능하지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능하냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능한가? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능한지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능해? (to younger people or friends)

- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되니? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되나? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 돼? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능하나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능해요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능할지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능할까요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능한지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능한가요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 몇 시까지 이용 가능합니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 되는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 돼요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 몇 시까지 됩니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* [Memo]
* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]
* 룸 서비스 : room service

* -는 : a particle makes 룸 서비스 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted

* 몇 : how much; how many; what
* 시 : time
* 몇 시 : what time

* -까지 : until

* 이용[利用] : [=사용] use; utilization
- 이용하다 : use; utilize

* 이용[理容] : haircutting; a haircut; hairtrimming; hairdressing
- 이용원 : [=이발소] a barber shop; a barber's (shop); [=이용실•미용실•헤어숍] a hairdresser's shop

* -이 : a particle makes 이용 subjective after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted

* 가능 : possibility
* 가능한 : possible
* 가능하다 : be possible

* 가능한가? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into 한) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 가능한지? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into 한) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는지 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 가능해? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 가능할지요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능할까요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능한지요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄴ지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능한가요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능합니까? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -ㄹ지? / -ㄹ까? / -ㄴ지? / -ㄴ가? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -ㄹ지? / -ㄹ까? / -ㄴ지? / -ㄴ가? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

* 룸 서비스 : room service

* -가 : a particle makes 룸 서비스 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this can be omitted

* 몇 : how much; how many; what
* 시 : time
* 몇 시 : what time

* 되다 : [as the form of -가/이 되다•-도 되다] [=가능하다] be possible

* -이 되다 / -가 되다 : be possible
* -도 되다 : be possible also

* 되는가? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -는가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 되는지? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -는지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 돼? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -어 contracted into 돼) + -어(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 돼요? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 됩니까? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -ㅂ니까(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ-‘

2025-01-22

Let's learn about "룸서비스는 이용 가능한가요?"

룸서비스는 이용(이) 가능한가요? = 룸서비스(도) 되나요? : Is room service available?; Can I order room service?; Is room service available?

ex)

A. 룸서비스도 되나요? : Is room service available?

B. 지금은 안 됩니다. 자정까지만 가능합니다 : Not at this time, sir. It’s only available until midnight

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능하니? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능하나? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능하지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능하냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능한가? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능한지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능해? (to younger people or friends)

- 룸서비스 되니? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 되나? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 되냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 되지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 되는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 되는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 룸서비스 돼? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능하나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능해요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능할지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능할까요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능한지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능한가요? (honourific by '-요')
- 룸서비스는 이용 가능합니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 룸서비스 되나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 되지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 되죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- 룸서비스 되는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 되는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 돼요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 룸서비스 됩니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* [Memo]
* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]
* 룸 서비스 : room service

* -는 : a particle makes 룸 서비스 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted

* 이용[利用] : [=사용] use; utilization
- 이용하다 : use; utilize

* 이용[理容] : haircutting; a haircut; hairtrimming; hairdressing
- 이용원 : [=이발소] a barber shop; a barber's (shop); [=이용실•미용실•헤어숍] a hairdresser's shop

* -이 : a particle makes 이용 subjective after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted

* 가능 : possibility
* 가능한 : possible
* 가능하다 : be possible

* 가능한가? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into 한) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 가능한지? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into 한) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는지 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 가능해? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 가능할지요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능할까요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능한지요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄴ지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능한가요? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가능합니까? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -ㄹ지? / -ㄹ까? / -ㄴ지? / -ㄴ가? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -ㄹ지? / -ㄹ까? / -ㄴ지? / -ㄴ가? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

* 룸 서비스 : room service

* -도 : also; too; this is used instead of -가(a particle makes 룸 서비스 subjective after a word ends in a vowel)

* 되다 : [as the form of -가/이 되다•-도 되다] [=가능하다] be possible

* -이 되다 / -가 되다 : be possible
* -도 되다 : be possible also

* 되는가? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -는가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 되는지? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -는지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 돼? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -어 contracted into 돼) + -어(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 돼요? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 됩니까? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -ㅂ니까(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ-‘

* 지금 : now
* -은 : a time suffix emphasizes 지금

* 안 : this is equal to "not" in English

* 되다 : be possible

* 안 되다 : be impossible

* 됩니다 : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -ㅂ contracted into 됩) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)

* 자정 : [子正] [자 is low sound] midnight
- 자정에 : at midnight / in the middle of the night / in the dead of night
- 자정까지 : till late at night

* 자정 : [自淨] [자 is high sound] self-purification; self-cleansing
- 자정력 : self-cleansing power
- 자정 작용 : the self-cleansing action (of nature)

* -까지 : until
* -는 : a suffix emphasizes 자정까지
* -만 : only

* 가능합니다 : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix by ‘ㅂ’)

2025-01-21

Let's learn about "식당은 어디 있나요?"

식당은 어디 있나요? = 식당이 어디예요? : Where’s the restaurant?; Where can I find the restaurant?; Where is the place to eat?

ex)

A. 아침은 호텔 식당에서 6시부터 10시까지 제공될 겁니다 : Breakfast will be served from 6 to 10 at the hotel restaurant.

B. 좋군요. 그런데 식당은 어디죠? : That’s great, but where’s the restaurant?

A. 2층에 있습니다 : It’s on the second floor

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 식당은 어디 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당은 어디 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당은 어디 있냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당은 어디 있지? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당은 어디 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당은 어디 있는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당은 어디 있는지? (to younger people or friends)

- 식당이 어디니? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당이 어디냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당이 어디야? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당이 어디인가? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당이 어딘가? (a short form of 어디인가?)
- 식당이 어디인지? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당이 어딘지? (a short form of 어디인지?)
- 식당이 어디이지? (to younger people or friends)
- 식당이 어디지? (a short form of 어디이지?)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 식당은 어디 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당은 어디 있지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당은 어디 있죠? (honourific by ‘-요'; -죠 is the short form of -지요)
- 식당은 어디 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당은 어디 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당은 어디 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 식당이 어디인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당이 어딘가요? (a short form of 어디인가요?)
- 식당이 어디인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당이 어딘지요? (a short form of 어디인지요?)
- 식당이 어디이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당이 어디죠? (a short form of 어디이지요?)
- 식당이 어디예요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 식당이 어디입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 식당이 어딥니까? (formal; a short form of 어디입니까?)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 식당은 어디 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

[explanations]
* 식당 : [食堂] a dining room[hall]; a mess hall; a buffet; a refreshment room; a refectory; [=음식점] a restaurant; an eating house

* -은 : a suffix makes 식당 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* -이 : a suffix makes 식당 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 어디 : where
* -에 : a place suffix; this can be omitted

* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있으시다 : an honourific form of 있다 by '-으시'

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 있으신가요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* 어디 : where
* -이다 : be

* 어디니? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -니 contracted into 니) + -니?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 어디냐? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -냐 contracted into 냐) + -냐?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 어디야? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -야 contracted into 야) + -야?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 어디인가? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 어디인지? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 어디이지? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 어디이지요? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 어디예요? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -에 contracted into 예) + -에?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 어디입니까? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -지? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘스-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 아침 : (1) morning (2) [=아침 식사] breakfast

* -은 : a particle makes 아침 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 호텔 : hotel

* 식당 : [食堂] a dining room[hall]; a mess hall; a buffet; a refreshment room; a refectory; [=음식점] a restaurant; an eating house

* -에서 : a place suffix means "a place where a event takes place"

* 6시 : [Pronunciation: 여섯시] 6 o'clock
* -부터 : from

* 10시 : [Pronunciation: 열시] 11 o'clock
* -까지 : until; up to

* 제공 : [提供] offer; proffer; supply
* 제공하다 : [=내놓다] offer; make an offer; [=주다] give; [=필요한 것을 공급하다] provide; supply; [=광고주가 되다] sponsor

* 되다 : a suffix makes a verb passive form
- 예약되다 = 예약이 되다 : a passive form of 예약하다 by -되다
- 제공되다 = 제공이 되다 : a passive form of 제공하다 by -되다 : be offered: be given; be provided; be supplied

* 제공될 : 제공되(the stem of 제공되다; 되 + -ㄹ contracted into 될) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 거 = 것 : a thing; a stuff; 거 is a short form of 것
* 이다 : be

* 거다 = 것이다
* 거네 = 것이네 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -네
* 거야 = 것이야 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -야
* 건데 = 것인데 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ데
* 거예요 = 것이에요 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -에 + -요
* 건데요 = 것인데요 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ데 + -요
* 겁니다 = 것입니다 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다

* 겁니다 : a short form of 것입니다
* 것입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 좋은 : good; great
* 좋다 : [Pronunciation: 조타] be good; be great

* 좋군요 : 좋(the stem of 좋다) + -군(an exclamative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 그런데 : ..., but ~~