2025-04-03

Let's learn about "전화 받으세요"

전화 받으세요 : There’s a call for you; There’s someone waiting on the line for you; You have a phone call; It’s for you: Someone would like to talk to you on the phone; Do you have time to take a call?

전화 받으실 수 있어요? : Can you take a call?

ex)

A. 전화 받으세요 : There’s a call for you.

B. 아내인가요? 제가 전화한다고 전해 주세요 : Is it my wife? Tell her I’ll call her back, please

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 전화 받아. (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받아라. (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받을래. (to younger people or friends)

- 전화 받아 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받아 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받아 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

- 전화 받을 수 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받을 수 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받을 수 있냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받을 수 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받을 수 있는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 전화 받을 수 있는지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 전화 받아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전화 받을래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 전화 받아 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전화 받아 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 전화 받으실 수 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 전화 받으세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받으셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받으실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받으시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받으시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 전화 받으십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받으시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받으시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 전화 받아 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받아 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받아 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받아 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받아 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 전화 받아 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받아 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 전화 받아 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 전화 받으실 수 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있으신가요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있으신지요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있으셔요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 전화 받으실 수 있으십니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)

[explanations]
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 받다 : [Pronunciation: 받따] (1) [=수령하다] get; have; receive; take; obtain; be given; be presented ; [=받아들이다] accept; [=수여되다] be awarded. (2) (급료·대금 등을) be paid; be given; take; receive; accept; (세금을) collect ; (요금을) charge; ask (3) (꾸어 준 것을) recover ; be recovered; be paid back (4) [=당하다] receive ; suffer; incur ; be subjected[exposed] to (5) (치료·수술 등을) undergo ; go through (6) [전화에 응답하다] answer (7) (아기를) deliver

* 받으시다 : an honourific word of 받다 by '-으시-'; '-으시-' attached to the stem of a verb ends in a consonant

* 받아 : 받(the stem of  받아) + -아(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 받아라 : 받(the stem of  받아) + -아라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 받을래 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense; -을 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 받을래요 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense; -을 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 받으세요 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 받으셔요 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 받으실래요 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant; 시 + -ㄹ contracted into 실) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 받으십시오 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 받으시겠어요 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 받으시겠습니까 : 받(the stem of  받다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 받아 : [Pronunciation: 바다] 받(the stem of 받다) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : do an effort
* 드리다 : an honourific word of 주다

* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)

* 받아 주다 = 받아 드리다 : do an effort to answer the phone

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 받을 : [Pronunciation: 바들] 받(the stem of 받다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal; -을 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a consonant)
* 받으실 : [Pronunciation: 바드실] 받으시(the stem of 받으시다; 시 + -ㄹ contracted into 실) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 수 : a way; a method

* -가 : a particle makes 받을 수 / 받으실 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있으시다 : an honourific form of 있다 by '-으시'; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a consonant

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 있으신가요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant; 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으신지요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant; 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + -ㄴ지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant; 시 + -어 contracted into 세) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으셔요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 attached to the stem of a verb ends in a cosonant; 시 + -ㅂ contracted into 십) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? / -을지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? / -을지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -으세요? / -으십니까? / -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-시-‘ / '-스-' / ‘-요’

* 아내 : one's wife
* 이다 : be

* 아내인가요? : 아내 + -이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 내 / 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 / 저: I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 나 / 제 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 하다 : do

* 전화하다 = 전화를 하다 = 전화를 걸다 : call someone by one’s phone

* 전화한다 = 전화를 한다 = 전화를 건다 : (1) present tense of the above (2) future tense of the above

* 전화했다 : past tense of 전화하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했

* 전화하겠다 = 전화를 하겠다 = 전화를 걸겠다 : have the will to call someone one’s phone <-- 겠 means the speaker's will

* 전화한다고 : 전화한(the stem of 전화한다) + -다고(A connective ending used to emphatically state the speaker's thoughts or argument to the listener: 말하는 사람의 생각이나 주장을 듣는 사람에게 강조하여 말함을 나타내는 연결 어미)

* 전화하겠다고 : 전화하겠(the stem of 전화하겠다) + -다고(A connective ending used to emphatically state the speaker's thoughts or argument to the listener: 말하는 사람의 생각이나 주장을 듣는 사람에게 강조하여 말함을 나타내는 연결 어미)

* 전하다 : (1) [소식이나 물건 등] tell; communicate; deliver; hand (over) (2) [=물려주다] hand down; transmit; leave; bequeath (3) [=전수(傳授)하다] teach; [=전하여 보내다] pass on to; impart; initiate (4) [=들여오다] introduce.5 [열·빛·소리 등을 전도(傳導)하다] transmit; conduct; propagate; convey

* 전해 : 전(the stem of 전하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : do an effort
* 드리다 : an honourific word of 주다

* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)

* 전해 주다 : do an effort to tell

* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
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2025-04-02

Let's learn about "끊지 말고 기다리세요"

끊지 말고 기다리세요 : Please do not hang up while you’re being transferred; Hold on while I transfer your call; Please hold while I connect you; I’ll put you through. don’t hang up

* 전화를 끊다 : hang up 

ex)

A. 연결해 드리는 동안 끊지 마세요 : Please do not hang up while you’re being transferred.

B. 5분이 넘으면 끊겠습니다 : I won’t hang up, only if it’s no longer than 5 minutes

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 끊지 말고 기다려. (to younger people or friends)
- 끊지 말고 기다려라. (to younger people or friends)
- 끊지 말고 기다릴래. (to younger people or friends)

- 끊지 말고 기다려 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 끊지 말고 기다려요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 끊지 말고 기다릴래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 끊지 말고 기다려 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 끊지 말고 기다리세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다리셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다리실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다리시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다리시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 끊지 말고 기다리십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다리시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다리시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 끊지 말고 기다려 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 끊지 말고 기다려 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 끊다 : [Pronunciation: 끈타; ㅎ + ㄷ --> ㅌ] cut off; disconnect

* 끊지 : [Pronunciation: 끈치: ㅎ + ㅈ --> ㅊ] 끊(the stem of 끊다) + --지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 말다 : [irregular verb] (1) [=그만두다•중단하다] stop; cease (3) [=하지 않다•하지 않는게 좋다] don't; had better not

* 말고 : 말(the stem of 말다) + -고(A connective ending used when an action or result of the preceding statement remains the same while the following action happens: 앞말이 나타내는 행동이나 그 결과가 뒤에 오는 행동이 일어나는 동안에 그대로 지속됨을 나타내는 연결 어미)

* 기다리다 : wait for
* 기다리시다 : an honourific word of 기다리다 by '-시-'

* 기다려 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 기다려라 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 기다릴래 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 기다릴래요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리세요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리셔요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리실래요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -ㄹ contracted into 실) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리십시오 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 기다리시겠어요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리시겠습니까 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 기다려 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : do an effort
* 드리다 : an honourific word of 주다

* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)

* 바꿔 주다 = 바꿔 드리다 : do an effort to change

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone

* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 끊다 : [Pronunciation: 끈타; ㅎ + ㄷ --> ㅌ] cut off; disconnect

* 내 / 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 / 저: I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 나 / 제 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone

* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 연결[連結] : connection; linking; coupling
* 연결하다 : couple; attach; connect; interconnect; join; interlink.
* 연결되다 : be connected with

* 연결해 : 연결하(the stem of 연결하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence
* 준다 : present form of 주다 by '-ㄴ'
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다

* 드리는 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 동안 : <명사(noun)> (a space of) time; a period; a span; a while; [=간격] an interval; a space; <부사적(adverbial)> in; for ; during ; between; [=사이] in the course of ; as[so] long as

* -에 : a time suffix

* 끊지 : [Pronunciation: 끈치: ㅎ + ㅈ --> ㅊ] 끊(the stem of 끊다) + --지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 말다 : [irregular verb] (1) [=그만두다•중단하다] stop; cease (3) [=하지 않다•하지 않는게 좋다] don't; had better not

* 마세요 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시)  + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb endjng suffix? + -요(an honourific ending suffix means’; -세요 means "Please" or "Do")

* 5분 : [Pronunciation: 오분] five minutes
* -이 : a particle makes 5분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 넘다 : [Pronunciation: 넘따] (1) [=넘어가다] go over ; go[get] beyond; get over ; clear[take] ; hurdle[take / clear] ; [=가로지르다] cross; go across ; [=통과하다] pass (2) [=초과하다] top; exceed; go[pass] beyond ; rise above; be more than; be over (3) [=때·시한이 지나다] be over[past]; fall due; run out (4) [=뚫고 나아가다] tide over; pull[muddle] through (5) [=날이 한쪽으로 쏠리게 되다] be turned[curled] (6) [=뛰어넘다] jump; hop; clear
- 산을 넘다 : cross[go over] a mountain.
- 담을 넘다 : go over a wall
- 권한의 한계를 넘다 : overstep[exceed] one's authority
- 50세가 넘다 : be more than fifty / be on the wrong[other / shady] side of fifty
- 1시가 넘었다 : It is past one o'clock
- 계약 기한이 넘었다 : The contract has run out[expired]
- 넘을 수 없는 사랑의 장벽 : an insuperable barrier to love
- 죽을 고비를 넘다 : tide over a crisis
- 칼날이 넘다 : the edge of a knife is turned
- 도랑을 넘다 : clear[take / jump] a ditch
- 줄을 넘다 : jump[skip] rope

* 넘으면 : 넘(the stem of 넘다) + -으면(if)

* 끊겠습니다 : 끊(the stem of 끊다) + -겠(one's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
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Let's learn about "연결해 드리겠습니다"

(제가 전화를) 연결해 드리겠습니다 : I’ll put you through; I’ll connect you with him; I’ll transfer your call; I’ll switch you over to him.

* 옮기다 : transfer

ex)

A. 판매 촉진부의 윌슨 씨 연결 가능합니까? : Is Mr. Wilson from the promotion department available?

B. 영업부로 전화하셨군요. 하지만 연결해 드리겠습니다. 기다리세요 : You’ve called the sales department, but I’ll transfer your call. Hold, please

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 연결해 줄게. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 연결해 줄게요. (honourific by '-요')

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 연결해 주겠습니다. (formal; more homourific by '-스')
- 연결해 드리겠습니다. (formal; more homourific by '-스')

[explanations]
* 내 / 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 / 저: I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 나 / 제 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone

* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 연결[連結] : connection; linking; coupling
* 연결하다 : couple; attach; connect; interconnect; join; interlink.
* 연결되다 : be connected with

* 연결해 : 연결하(the stem of 연결하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence
* 준다 : present form of 주다 by '-ㄴ'
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다

* 줄게요 : 주(the stem of 주다; 주 + -ㄹ contracted into 줄) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 주겠습니다 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -겠(one’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)

* 드릴게요 : 드리(the stem of 드리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 드리겠습니다 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -겠(one’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -게 : a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix has an honourific
* a verb + -게 + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : a declarative verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-스’ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 판매 : [販賣] (a) sale; selling; marketing
* 판매하다 : sell; deal in; handle; dispose of; work off
- 이 책은 예약 판매합니다 : These books are sold by subscription (only)

* 촉진 : [促進] promotion; acceleration; hastening; facilitation; furtherance
* 촉진하다 : promote ; accelerate; expedite; facilitate; quicken; further; speed[step / gear] up ; give[lend] an impetus ; give a boost
- 식물의 성장을 촉진하다 : hasten[accelerate / force] the growth of a plant
- 문명의 진보를 촉진하다 : expedite[facilitate / further / quicken / accelerate / speed up] the progress of civilization
- 양국간의 무역을 촉진하다 : give a boost to trade between the two countries
- 식욕을 촉진하다 : quicken[sharpen / stimulate] the appetite

* 촉진부 : promotion department/unit <-- 촉진 + 부(a short form of 부서

* 부서 : [部署] one's post; one's station; one's place of duty

* -의  :a suffix makes 판매 촉진부 possesive

* 윌슨 : Wildon
* 씨 : Mr. or Mrs
* -를 : a particle makes 윌슨 씨 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* -와 : with; -를 can be replaced by -와

* 연결[連結] : connection; linking; coupling
* -이 : a particle makes 연결 subjective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 가능 : [可能] being possible
* (-이/-가) 가능하다 : be possible; be practicable; be feasible
* 가능한 : possible; (실현이) practicable; feasible

* 가능합니까? : 가능하(the stem of 가능하다; 하 + -ㅂ contracted into 합) + -ㅂ니까?(a honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 영업 : [營業] business; trade; [영업 활동] business activities; [업무의 운영] operation(s); salse

* 영업부 : sales department/unit <-- 영업 + 부(a short form of 부서

* -으로/-로 : A postpositional particle that indicates the direction of movement: 움직임의 방향을 나타내는 조사

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 하다 : do

* 전화하다 = 전화를 하다 = 전화를 걸다 : call someone by one’s phone
* 전화하시다 = 전화를 하시다 : an honourific form of 전화를 하다 by '-시-'
* 전화를 거시다 : an honourific form of 전화를 걸다 by '-시-'; ㄹ erased before '-시-'

* 전화했다 : past tense of 전화하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했
* 전화하셨다 : past tense of 전화하시다 by '-였-'; 었 changed into 였 after 시 for easy pronunciation; 시 + -였 contracted into 셨

* 부서 : [部署] one's post; one's station; one's place of duty

* 하지만 : but

* 기다리다 : wait for

* 기다리세요 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -어 contracted into 세) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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Let's learn about "바꿔 드리겠습니다"

 (제가 전화를) 바꿔 드리겠습니다 : I’ll get him for you; He’ll be right with you; I’ll get him through

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 바꿔 줄게. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 바꿔 줄게요. (honourific by '-요')

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 바꿔 주겠습니다. (formal; more homourific by '-스')
- 바꿔 드리겠습니다. (formal; more homourific by '-스')

[explanations]
* 내 / 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 / 저: I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 나 / 제 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone

* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 바꾸다 : (1) change (2) [=전화를 연결시켜 주다] put someone on the line

* 바꿔 : 바꾸(the stem of 바꾸다; 꾸 + -어 contracted into 꿔) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence
* 준다 : present form of 주다 by '-ㄴ'
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다

* 줄게요 : 주(the stem of 주다; 주 + -ㄹ contracted into 줄) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 주겠습니다 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -겠(one’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)

* 드릴게요 : 드리(the stem of 드리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 드리겠습니다 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -겠(one’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -게 : a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix has an honourific
* a verb + -게 + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : a declarative verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-스’ / ‘-ㅂ’
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2025-04-01

Let's learn about "달다"

* 달다 is ㄹ 불규칙 동사(ㄹ irregular verb)

1. 달다 : [Pronunciation: 달 is high short]

1) [=졸아들다] be boiled down[dry]; boil down

- 탕약이 다 달았다 : The decoction is parched up

2) [물건이 뜨거워지다] become (red-)hot; glow(벌겋게)

- 벌겋게 단 : red-hot
- 벌겋게 단 숯 : glowing charcoal
- 벌겋게 단 부젓가락 : red-hot[burnt] tongs
- 쇠막대가 열로 인해 달아 있다 : An iron rod glows with heat

3) [=몸이 뜨거워지다] feel hot[warm]; flush; burn

- 흥분해서 얼굴이 달다 : flush with excitement
- 부끄러워서 얼굴이 달다 : blush with[for] shame
- 열이 있어 몸이 달다 : be burning up with fever / feel feverish
- 그녀의 얼굴은 불에 빨갛게 달았다 : Her face was fire-flushed

4) [=마음이 초조해 지다] be[feel] irritated ; be fretful; fret[be in a fret]; [=안달하다•애가 타다] be[feel] impatient

- 시간이 가지 않아 애가 달다 = 시간이 가지 않아 애가 탄다 : be impatient for the time to pass / feel that time drags by too slowly
- 애인이 보고 싶어 애가 달다 = 애인이 보고 싶어 애가 탄다 : be dying to see one's sweetheart
- 직장을 구하려고 애가 달아 돌아다니다 = 직장을 구하려고 애가 타서 돌아다니다 : run about eagerly to seek employment
- 그들은 결과 발표가 늦어지자 애가 달았다 = 그들은 결과 발표가 늦어지자 애가 탔다 : They became impatient at the delay of the announcement of the results

5) (코·입 안이) be dried up; be parched

- 갈증으로 입 안이 달다 = 갈증으로 입이 탄다 : be parched with thirst

2. 달다 : [Pronunciation: 달 is high short]

1) [=걸다] hang (up); suspend; put up; dangle

- 태극기를 단 배 : a steamer flying the Korean flag
- 기를 달다 : hoist[raise] a flag
- 돛을 달다 : hoist[spread / put up] a sail
- 간판을 달다 : hang[put] up a signboard
- 플래카드[문패]를 달다 : put up a placard[name plate]

2) [=부착시키다] fix[affix / attach / tag](one thing to another); set[put] (one thing on another); fit (up); [=연결하다] stick; fasten; join (one thing to another)

- 선반을 달다 : fix[make] a shelf
- 명찰을 달다 : attach[affix] a name tag
- 브로치를 달다 : put on[wear] a brooch
- 머리에 리본을 달다 : wear a ribbon in one's hair / decorate one's hair with a ribbon
- 손잡이를 달다 : put a handle
- 훈장을 달다 : wear a decoration
- 열차에 기관차를 달다 : couple an engine to a train
- 창문에 커튼을 달다 : put up[hang] curtains at a window
- 셔츠에 단추를 달다 : sew a button on[to] a shirt
- 동정을 달다 : attach a collar to a coat
- 전화를 달다 : have a telephone installed
- 새 집에 전등을 달다 : fit up a new house with electric lights
- 문에 벨을 달다 : fix a bell on the doo

3) [=이어달다] add (something to); [=덧붙이다] annex[append] (one thing to another); [=기입하다] enter (in a book)

- 단서를 달다 : annex a proviso (to a deed)
- 주(註)를 달다 : add[annex / append] notes (to a book) / annotate
- 한자에 한글로 토를 달다 : show the reading of a Chinese character in Hangul
- 외상을 장부에 달다 : enter an account[a bill] in a book
- 달아 놓고 물건을 사다 : buy a thing on credit
- 우리는 툇마루를 이어달아 넓혔다 : We had the verandah[porch] enlarged
- 여백이 모자라면 인쇄된 용지에 종이를 이어달아 거기에 쓰시오 : If you don't have enough space, attach a piece of paper to the printed form and write on that

4) [=이름 등을 정하여 붙이다] give; attach

- 제목을 달다 : give a title / entitle (a book) / attach a headline 
- 이 책은 과장된 표제를 달았다 : This book has a high-sounding title

3. 달다 : [Pronunciation: 달 is low long]

1) (무게를) weigh (a thing)

- 체중을 달다 : weigh oneself (on a weighing machine) / take one's weight
- 저울로 달다 : weigh in the balance[on the scales]
- 달아서 팔다 : sell by weight
- 설탕을 5파운드 달다 : weigh out five pounds of sugar
- 달걀을 저울에 달다 : weigh eggs (on a scale)
- 나는 저울로 몸무게를 달았다 : I weighed myself on the scales

4. 달다 : [Pronunciation: 달 is low long]

1) [=달콤하다] sweet; sugary; sweet-flavored

- 단 것 : sweet things / sweet-stuff / [과자] sweets [candy]
- 너무 단 홍차 : sugary tea
- 맛이 달다 : have a sweet taste / taste sweet
- 설탕으로 달게 하다 : sweeten (coffee) with sugar
- 단 것을 좋아하다 : be fond of sweets / have a sweet tooth
- 그는 단맛 쓴맛 다 본 사람이다 : He has tasted the sweets and bitters of life
- 이 과자는 너무 달아 내 입에 맞지 않는다 : This cake is too sweet for me

2) [=맛있게 먹다] have a good appetite; [맛있다] nice; tasty; toothsome

- (음식을) 아주 달게 먹다 : eat with gusto[keen relish]

3) [=흡족하다] satisfactory; gratifying

- 단잠 : sweet sleep
- 달게 자다 : sleep soundly
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Let&amp;#39;s learn about &amp;quot;잠시만 기다리세요&amp;quot;

잠시만 기다리세요 = 잠깐만 기다리세요 : Just a moment, please; Please hold; Hold on; Can you hold?; Can I put you on hold?; Just a second; I’m going to put you on hold

* 전화를 끊지 않고 기다리다 : hold on
* 통화를 기다리는 동안의 : on hold

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 잠시만 기다려. (to younger people or friends)
- 잠시만 기다려라. (to younger people or friends)
- 잠시만 기다릴래. (to younger people or friends)

- 잠시만 기다려 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 잠시만 기다려 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 잠시만 기다려 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 잠시만 기다려요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 잠시만 기다릴래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 잠시만 기다려 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 잠시만 기다려 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 잠시만 기다리세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다리셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다리실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다리시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다리시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 잠시만 기다리십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다리시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다리시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 잠시만 기다려 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다려 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다려 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다려 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다려 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 잠시만 기다려 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다려 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 잠시만 기다려 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 잠시 : [暫時] [=잠깐] a little[short] while; a moment; for a (little[short]) while; for some time; for a (period of) time; for a moment

* -만 : only

* 잠시만 = 잠깐만 : for a moment[minute, while, short time, second], briefly

* 기다리다 : wait for
* 기다리시다 : an honourific word of 기다리다 by '-시-'

* 기다려 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 기다려라 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 기다릴래 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 기다릴래요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리세요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리셔요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리실래요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -ㄹ contracted into 실) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리십시오 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 기다리시겠어요 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 기다리시겠습니까 : 기다리(the stem of  기다리다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 기다려 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : do an effort
* 드리다 : an honourific word of 주다

* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)

* 기다려 주다 : do an effort to wait for

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone

* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 끊다 : [Pronunciation: 끈타; ㅎ + ㄷ --> ㅌ] cut off; disconnect

* 끊지 : [Pronunciation: 끈치: ㅎ + ㅈ --> ㅊ] 끊(the stem of 끊다) + --지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타; ㅎ + ㄷ --> ㅌ] don't do

* 않고 : [Pronunciation: 안코: ㅎ + ㄱ --> ㅋ] 않(the stem of 않다) + -고(a connective suffix between two verbs)

* -고 기다리다 : wait for

* 기다리는 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 기다리시는 : 기다리시(the stem of 기다리시다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)

* 동안 : <명사(noun)> (a space of) time; a period; a span; a while; [=간격] an interval; a space; <부사적(adverbial)> in; for ; during ; between; [=사이] in the course of ; as[so] long as

* -에 : a time suffix
* -의 : a suffix makes 통화를 기다리는 동안 possesive
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Let's learn about "어느 부서에 근무하시는데요?"

(찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하시는데요? : Where does he work?; What department is he in?; Which department does he work in?

어느 존을 찾으시는 건데요?’ : Which John did you want to speak to?

ex)

A. 크리스라는 분 계십니까? : Is there anyone named Chris?

B. 어느 부서에 근무하는 분이세요? : What department is he in?

 [other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하니? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하나? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하지? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하냐? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하는가? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하는지? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무해? (to younger people or friends)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하는데? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 a short form of -지요?)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하는데요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무해요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무합니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하시는데요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- (찾으시는 분이) 어느 부서에 근무하십니까? (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 찾다 : [Pronunciation: 찯따] find; search for; look for
* 찾으시다 : [Pronunciation: 차즈시다] an honourific word of 찾다

* 사람 : human being; person (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being; person (honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 찾으시는 분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 어느 : [=어떤] which; what

* 부서[部署] : one's post (of duty); one's place; department
* -에 : a place suffix

* 근무[勤務] : duty; service; work

* 근무하다 : do duty; be on duty; work; serve
* 근무하시다 : an honourific word of 근무하다 by '-시-'

* 근무하는데요? : 근무하(the stem of 근무시다) + -는데?(an interrogative verb ending suffix; A sentence-final ending used to ask the listener while anticipating his/her answer: 일정한 대답을 요구하며 물어보는 뜻을 나타내는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 근무하시는데요? : 근무하시(the stem of 근무하시다) + -는데?(an interrogative verb ending suffix; A sentence-final ending used to ask the listener while anticipating his/her answer: 일정한 대답을 요구하며 물어보는 뜻을 나타내는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 근무해요? : 근무하(the stem of 근무하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어?(an interrogative verb suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 근무합니까? : 근무하(the stem of 근무하다; 하 + -ㅂ contracted into 합) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 근무하세요? : 근무하(the stem of 근무하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -어 contracted into 세) + -어?(an interrogative verb suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 근무하셔요? : 근무하(the stem of 근무하다) +  -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -여?(an interrogative verb suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 근무하십니까? : 근무하(the stem of 근무하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -ㅂ contracted into 십) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? / -(으)십니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-시” / '-스' / ‘-ㅂ’

* 어느 : [=어떤] which; what

* 존 : John

* -을 : a particle makes 어느 존 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omittable

* 찾는 : 찾(the stem of 찾다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 찾으시는 : 찾으시(the stem of 찾으시다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 찾는 것 : looking for; to look for

* 건데요? : a short form of 것인데요?
* 것인데요? : 것(a thing) + -이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ데?(an interrogative verb ending suffix; A sentence-final ending used to ask the listener while anticipating his/her answer: 일정한 대답을 요구하며 물어보는 뜻을 나타내는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 크리스 : Chris

* -라는 : An expression used to quote someone while modifying the following noun: 들은 사실을 인용하여 전달하면서 그 뒤에 오는 명사를 꾸며 줄 때 쓰는 표현

* 사람 : human being; person (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being; person (honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 크리스라는 분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + -ㄷ --> ㄸ] exist; stay; be

* 계시다 : an honourific word of 있다; be; stay; be located
- 아버지 계시냐? : Is your father in[at home]?
- 잠깐만 계십시오 : Please wait a minute[moment]
- 좀 더 계십시오 : Stay a little longer
- 런던에 얼마나 계셨습니까? : How long have you been in London?

* 계십니까? : 계시(the stem of 계시다; 시 + -ㅂ contracted into 십) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 근무하는 : 근무하(the stem of 근무하다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 근무하시는 : 근무하시(the stem of 근무하시다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)

* 분이세요? : 분(a person) + -이(the stem of 이다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -어 contracted into 세) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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