1. 쟤는 왜 저러니? : What is it with him?
* the followings shows honourific to the listener ("you" omitted) but non-honourific to the person mentioned as "쟤(that boy; that girl; that man; that woman)"
- 쟤는 왜 저러니? (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 왜 저리냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 왜 저래? (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 왜 저러는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 왜 저러는데? (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 왜 저러지? (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 왜 저래요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 왜 저러는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 왜 저러는데요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 와 저러지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 왜 저러죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; 죠? is a short form of -지요?)
- 쟤는 왜 저럽니까? (formal; honourific)
[explanations]
* 쟤 : [In conversations between family members or very close people, pronouns used to refer to men or women who are younger than or equal to them in a friendly way] that boy, that girl; that man; that woman
* -는 : a suffix makes 쟤 subjective after a word ends in a vowel like "쟤”
* 왜 : why
* 저렇게 : [=저러하게•저와 같이] like that
* 저렇다 : [=저러하게 하다•저와 같다] do like that
* 저러다 : a short form of 저러하게 하다; 저러다 = 저렇다; do like that
* 저래? : 저러(the stem of 저르다) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending particle)
* 저럽니까? : 저러(the stem of 저르다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -ㄴ가? / -는가? / -ㄴ지? / -는지? / -지? / -ㄴ데? / -는데? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending particle)
* a verb + -어 / -ㄴ가 / -는가 / -ㄴ지 / -는지 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -지 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? / -십니까? / -습니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’
2. 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦어. 너도 적응이 될 거야 : He’s always late for everything. You’ll get used to it
* 그는 항상 늦어요 : He’s always late / He’s never on time / It’s typical for him to be late / How typical! he’s late again
[other expressions]
* the followings shows honourific to the listener ("you" omitted) but non-honourific to the person mentioned as "쟤(that boy; that girl; that man; that woman)"
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦는다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦어. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦군! (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦는구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦는군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤는 어디든 늘 늦습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-습’)
- 그는 항상 늦는다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦어. (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦군! (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦구나!. (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦는구나!. (to younger people or friends)
- 그는 항상 늦네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그는 항상 늦어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그는 항상 늦군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그는 항상 늦는군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그는 항상 늦습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-습’)
* the followings shows non-honourific and honourific expressions to the listener mentioned as "너”(you) and "오빠"(you as my elder brother")
- 너도 적응이 될 거다 = 너도 적응이 될 것이다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너도 적응이 될 거네 = 너도 적응이 될 것이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너도 적응이 될 거야 = 너도 적응이 될 것이야. (to younger people or friends)
- 오빠도 적응이 될 거네요 = 오빠도 적응이 될 것이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 오빠도 적응이 될 거예요 = 오빠도 적응이 될 것이에요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 오빠도 적응이 될 겁니다 = 오빠도 적응이 될 것입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
[explanations]
* 쟤 : [In conversations between family members or very close people, pronouns used to refer to men or women who are younger than or equal to them in a friendly way] that boy, that girl; that man; that woman
* 어디 : where
* -든 : a short form of -든지(whether ~ or ~; either ~ or ~)
* 어디든 : a short form of 어디든지(anywhere; wherever)
* 그는 : 그(he) + -는(a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends in a vowel like ‘그’)
* 늘 : [a Korean native word] always
* 항상 : [a Hanja word] always
- Hanja means “a Korean word borrowed from Chinese word”
* 늦은 : late
* 늦다 : a verb form of 늦은; be late
* 늦는다 : present form of 늦다; 늦(the stem of 늦다) + -는다(a suffix makes a verb present tense)
* 늦는군! : 늦(the stem of 늦다) + -는다(a suffix makes a verb present tense) + -군!(a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix)
* 늦는구나! : 늦(the stem of 늦다) + -는다(a suffix makes a verb present tense) + -구나!(a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix)
* 늦습니다 : 늦(the stem of 늦다) + 스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -는다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -는군! / -구나! / -는구나!: a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -군 / -는군 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 / -습니다 / -십니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-스’ / ‘-시’
* 너도 : 너(you; non-honourific word to younger people or friends) + -도(too; also)
* 적응 : fitness; suitability; adaptation; accomodation
* -이 : a suffix makes 적응 subjective
* 되다 : become
* 적응이 되다 : got used to it
* 될 : 되(the stem of 되다) + -ㄹ(a particle makes a verb future tense and attributive)
* 적응을 하다 = 적응하다 : adjust; be fit for; be suited to; be adapted to
-을 : a suffix makes 적응 objective after a word ends in a consonant like ‘적응’
* 하다 : do; become in 적응을 하다
* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing); this is shortened because it is difficult to pronouce 것 more than 거
* -이다 : be
* 거다 : a short form of 것이다; ‘-이’ of a verb 이다 always should be omiited after 거(a thing)
* 겁니다 : 거 + -ㅂ니다(an honourific form of 이다 by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 것입니다 : 것 + -입니다(an honourific form of 이다 by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a noun + -다 / -이다 / -네 / -이네 / -야 / -이야 : a non-honourific descriptive form of -이다
* a noun + -네 / -이네 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + -예요 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 after a noun ends in a vowel like ‘거’
* a noun + -이에요 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 after a noun ends in a consonant like ‘것’
* a noun + -ㅂ니다 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-ㅂ’
3. 더는 못 기다리겠어 : I can’t wait for him any longer / I can’t wait any more / He’s not coming. I’m just going to go / I can’t wait a minute longer
[other expressions]
* the followings shows non-honourific or honourific to the listener ("you" omitted), we don’t know non-honourific or honourific about the person whom the speaker mentions
- 더는 못 기다리겠다. (to younger people or friends)
- 더는 못 기다리겠네. (to younger people or friends)
- 더는 못 기다리겠군! (to younger people or friends)
- 더는 못 기다리겠구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 더는 못 기다리겠네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 더는 못 기다리겠군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 더는 못 기다리겠습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)
[explanations]
* 더 : more
* -는 : a suffix emphasizes 더
* 못 : this word is exactly equal to the english “can’t”
* 기다리다 : wait (for somebody)
* 기다리겠다 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다) + -겠(the speaker’s will) + -다(the descriptive basic verb ending suffix)
* 기다리겠습니다 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다) + -겠(the speaker’s will) + -스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a noun + -네 / -군 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-습’
4. 나도 그래. 그냥 우리끼리 가자 : Same here. Let’s just go without him / Me too. Let’s just go without him
[other expressions]
* the following are non-honourific or honourific to the listener
- 나도 그래. (to younger people or friends)
- 저도 그래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 저도 그렇습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-습’)
- 그냥 우리끼지 가. (to younger people or friends)
- 그냥 우리끼리 가자. (to younger people or friends)
- 그냥 우리끼리 가지. (to younger people or friends)
- 그냥 우리끼리 가요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그냥 우리끼리 가지요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그냥 우리끼리 가죠. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그냥 우리끼리 갑시다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 그냥 우리끼리 가십시다. (more honourific by ‘-십’)
[explanartions]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to younger people or friends)
* 저 : I (honourific word to the elderly)
* -도 : also; too
* 그렇다 : [Pronunciation: 그러따] that is right; so it is; you are right; yes; no; (be) so; be such; a short form of 그러하다
* 그러니 : adjective form of 그렇다; so
ex) 너도 그러니? : Do you feel the same way?
* 그렇게 : like such
ex) 그렇게 하면 : so that
- 그렇게 하면 안 된다 : You shouldn’t do that
* 그럴 : in order to be such
ex) 처음에는 그럴 생각이 아니었다 : I didn't mean to do that at first.
* 그렇고 : be such and then
ex) 그렇고 말고 : a phrase are considered to be right or admitted to the other party's words or questions.
ex) 그는 (단지) 그렇고 그런 사람일뿐이다: He's just that kind of person.
* 그래 : adjective form of 그렇다; okay
* 그래요 : 그래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* 그렇습니다 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다) + -스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 그냥 : (1) as it is; as it stands; as you find it; in that condition; all the way (2) just; only in the sentence
* 우리 : we
* -끼리 : [as a noun suffix(명사 접미사)] among ourselves [themselves]; by ourselves [themselves]; privately; this means that many people have joined the team
ex) 끼리 : between us
ex) 남자끼리 : between guys
* 끼리끼리 : separately in groups; in pairs; by twos and threes
ex) 끼리끼리 놀다 : hang out together; play together in groups separately
ex) 끼리끼리 어울리다 : get along well with each other in groups separately
ex) 끼리끼리 흩어지다 : scatter in groups separately
* 낄끼리 : a short form of 끼리끼리
* 가다 : go
* 가 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -아(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 가자 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 가지 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -지(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 가요 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -아(a propositive verb ending particle) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 가지요 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -지(a propositive verb ending particle) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 가죠 : a short form of 가지요
* 갑시다 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㅂ시다(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 가시겠어요 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a particle asks a listener’s will) + -어(a propositive verb ending particle) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -아 / -자 / -지 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means “Let’s ~”
* a verb + -아 / -지 + -요 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means “Let’s ~”
* a verb + -ㅂ시다 / -시겠어요 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means “Let’s ~”
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