Let’s learn about "Honouring in Korean

1. Honouring the subject of the sentence

ex) 선생님께서 한국말을 가르치십니다 (The teacher teaches Korean

* 선생님 is the subject of the sentence

* 가르치십니다 honour 선생님 by 가르치다 + -ㅂ니다

2. Honouring the listener

ex) 도와주셔서 감사합니다 (Thank yo so much)

* the subject of the sentence is omitted

* 도와주셔서 감사합니다 honour the listener "you" by 도와주다 + -셔서 and 감사하다 + -ㅂ니다

3. other honourifics : (1) by using another verb (2) by using another noun (3) by adding honourific particles (4) by using -님 (5) by using respect word to the listener or target of an action (6) by lowering his or her own status

1) by using another verb

(1) sleep : 자다(non-honourific form) —> 주무시다(honourifc form)

(2) say/tell : 말하다(non-honourific form) —> 말씀하시다(honourifc form)

2) by using another noun

(1) age : 나이(non-honourific form) —> 연세(honourifc form)

(2) birthday : 생일(non-honourific form) —> 생신(honourifc form)

3) by adding honourific particles

(1) 이/가(non-honourific form) —> 께서(honourifc form)

(2) 은/는(non-honourific form) —> 께서는(honourifc form)

(3) 에게/한테(non-honourific form) —> 께(honourifc form)

4) by using -님 

(1) 선생(non-honourific form) —> 선생님(honourifc form)

(2) 박사(non-honourific form) —> 박사님(honourifc form)

(3) 형(non-honourific form) —> 형님(honourifc form)

(4) 아우(non-honourific form) —> 아우님(honourifc form)

(5) 형수(non-honourific form) —> 형수님(honourifc form)

5) by using respect word to the listener or target of an action 

(1) 말하다(non-honourific form) —> 말씀드리다(honourifc form)

(2) 주다(non-honourific form) —> 드리다(honourifc form)

(3) 묻다(non-honourific form) —> 여쭙다(honourifc form)

(4) 보다/만나다(non-honourific form) —> 뵙다(honourifc form)

6) by lowering his or her own status

(1) 나(non-honourific form) —> 저(honourifc form)

(2) 우리(non-honourific form) —> 저희(honourifc form)

(3) 말(non-honourific form) —> 말씀(honourifc form)

4. when addressing others using their name or title rather theb pronouns such as 당신(you), 너(you), 그(he/him), 그녀(she/her) and 그들(they/them)

(1) wrong usage : 당신이 말씀해 보세요 / 너가 말해요 / 니가 말해요

(2) correct usage : 선생님이 말씀해 보세요 / 언니가 말해요 / 형님이 말씀하세요