1. 개업이 언제니? 정말 기대된다 : When is the opening? I can’t wait / I’m looking forward to it / I’m psyched up
[other expressions]
* the followings shows non-honourific and honourific to the listener as the speaker asks questions about what's going to happen
- 개업이 언제니? (to younger people or friends)
- 개업이 언제냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 개업이 언제야? (to younger people or friends)
- 개업이 언제인가? (to younger people or friends)
- 개업이 언젠가? (-ㄴ가? is a short form of -인가?)
- 개업이 언제지? (to younger people or friends)
- 개업이 언제인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 개업이 언젠가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 개업이 언제지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 개업이 언제죠? (-죠? is a short form of -지요?)
- 개업이 언제입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
* the followings shows non-honourific and honourific to the listener as the speaker expresses the feeling about what's going to happen
- 정말 기대된다. (to younger people or friends)
- 정말 기대되네. (to younger people or friends)
- 정말 기대되는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 정말 기대되는구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 정말 기대되는데. (to younger people or friends)
- 정말 기대돼. (to younger people or friends)
- 정말 기대되네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 정말 기대되는군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 정말 기대되는데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 정말 기대돼요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 정말 기대됩니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
[explanations]
* 개업 : opening
* 개업식 : the opening [inauguration] ceremony
* 개업하다 / 개업을 하다 : open (for business); begin business; establish oneself in business; set oneself up in business; enter upon business start practice
* -이 : a suffix makes 개업 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 언제 : when
* 이다 : be; exist; have
* 언젠가? : a short form of 언제인가?
* 언젠가요? : a short form of 언제인가요?
* 언제입니까? : 언제 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a noun + -니? / -이니? / -냐? / -이냐? / -야? / -이야? / -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -지? / -인데? / -ㄴ데? : a non-honourific interrogative form of 이다
* a noun + -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -지? / -인데? / -ㄴ데? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + 입니까? : an honourific interrogative form of 이다 to the elderly by ‘-ㅂ’
* 정말 / 정말로 / 너무 / 진짜 / 진짜로 / 참말로 / 엄청 / 엄청나게 : really; so much
* 기대 : expectation
* 기대하다 / 기대를 하다 : expect; look forward to; look for; look to (a person) for; anticipate; count on; reckon on [upon]
* 기대되다 / 기대가 되다 : be hoped for <— 기대(expectation) + -되다(become; get to be; be; this makes a noun or verb passive meaning)
* 기대되는 / 기대가 되는 : expectant
* 기대되었던 / 기대가 되었던 : hoped for
* 기대되다 : a verb form of 기대되는
* 기대되었다 : a verb form of 기대되었던
* 기대된다 : present tense of 기대되다
* 기대돼 : 기대되(the stem of 기대되다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 기대됩니다 : 기대되(the stem of 기대되다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -ㄴ다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 / -ㄴ데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -는군! / -는구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 / -ㄴ데 / -는군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’
2. 바로 내일 밤이야! : It’s tomorrow night!
[other expressions]
* the followings shows non-honourific and honourific to the listener as the speaker is excited and responds to what the listener says
- 바로 내일 밤이다! (to younger people or friends)
- 바로 내일 밤이네! (to younger people or friends)
- 바로 내일 밤이야! (to younger people or friends)
- 바로 내일 밤이네요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 바로 내일 밤입니다! (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
[explanations]
* 바로 : (1) rightly; correctly; righteously; just; immediately (2) Eyes front!
* 내일 : tomorrow
* 밤 : night
* 이다 : be; exist; have
* a noun + -이다! / -이네! / -이야 : a non-honourific descriptive and exclamatory form of 이다
* a noun + -이네! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + -입니다 : an honourific descriptive and exclamatory form of 이다 by ‘-ㅂ’
3. 초대해 주셔서 고맙습니다 / 초대해 주셔서 감사합니다 : Thank you for inviting me / It’s very kind of you ot invite me / I appriciate for invitation
[other expressions]
* the followings shows non-honourific and honourific to the listener as the speaker says gratitude for invitation
- 초대해 줘서 고맙다. (to younger people or friends)
- 초대해 줘서 고맙네. (to younger people or friends)
- 초대해 줘서 고맙군. (to younger people or friends)
- 초대해 줘서 고맙구나. (to younger people or friends)
- 초대해 줘서 고마워. (to younger people or friends)
- 초대해 줘서 감사해. (this isn’t used among Koreans)
- 초대해 주셔서 고마워요. (honourific by ‘-요; It's light, so Koreans use it only between close friends)
- 초대해 주셔서 감사해요. (honourific by ‘-요; rarely used because it is casual inspite 감사하다 is formal)
- 초대해 주셔서 고맙습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 초대해 주셔서 감사합니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
[explanations]
* 초대 : invitation
* 초대하다 / 초대를 하다 : invite
* 초대해 / 초대하여 : 초대하(the stem of 초대하다) + -어/-여(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : (1) give; give away; present; bestow; confer; grant; donate; provide (2) do for a person as the form of -어 주다 or -여 주다
* 초대해 주다 : do for an invitation; invite someone for providing something for him or her
* 주시다 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -다(a descriptive basic verb ending suffix)
* 주셔서 : 주시(the stem of 주시다) + -어서/-여서(because of; owing to)
* 고마운 : thank
* 고맙다 : a verb form of 고마운; an informal word; this means "thanks"
* 고마워 : 고마운(-ㄴ is a adjective particle) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 고마워요 : 고마운(-ㄴ is a adjective particle) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 고맙습니다 : 고맙(the stem of 고맙다) + -스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 감사 : gratitude
* 감사한 : thank
* 감사하다 : a verb form of 감사한; a formal word; this means "thank you (so much)"
* 감사해요 : 감사하(the stem of 감사하다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 감사합니다 : 감사하(the stem of 감사하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -군 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-습-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’
4. 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주셨으면 좋겠어요 : I really want to see you at Sara’s recital tomorrow
[other expressions]
* the followings shows non-honourific and honourific to the listener when the speaker requests his or her invitation for Sara’s recital
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 줄래. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주세요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주시겠어요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주시겠습니까? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
* The following sentences are very polite and euphemistic expressions of request
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주었으면 좋겠다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주었으면 좋겠네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주었으면 좋겠어. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주셨으면 좋겠어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 내일 사라의 연주회에 꼭 와 주셨으면 좋겠습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)
[explanations]
* 내일 : tomorrow
* 사라 : a woman name
* -의 : a suffix makes 사라 possesive
* 연주 : perform; play musical instrument
* 연주회 : a concert; a recital; a joint recital
* -에 : a place suffix means "at/in/on"
* 꼭 : securely: exactly; certainly; surely
* 오다 : come
* 와 : 오(the stem of 오다) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : give
* 와 주다 : sincerely go to a place for that person when someone makes a request
* 줘 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어(a non-honouriric propositive verb ending suffix)
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honouriric propositive verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠어요? : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + 겠(the listener’s will) + -어(a propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까? : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + 겠(the listener’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -어요 / -ㄹ래요 / -실래요 / -세요 / -십시오 / -시겠어요? / -시겠습니까? : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-시’ / -스’; this means "Please ~"
* 주었으면 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -었(a suffix makes a verb past tense) + -으면(if)
* 좋은 : (1) good; nice (2) happy; glad in the sentence
* 좋다 : (1) be good; nice (2) be happy; be glad in the sentence
* 좋겠다 : 좋(the stem of 좋다) + -겠(one’s conjecture) + -다(a descriptive basic verb ending suffix)
*a verb + -었으면 좋겠다 / -았으면 좋겠다 : I hope; I want ~
* 와 주었으면 좋겠다 : I (really) want you to come here; I (really) want to see you at someplace
* 좋겠습니다 : 좋(the stem of 좋다) + -겠(one’s conjecture) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-스-‘
5. 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같은데요. 내일 회의가 있어서요 : Thank you. but I don’t think I can make it. I have a meeting tomorrow
* 고맙지만 못 가겠어요 : Thank you. but I don’t think I can make it / Thanks for asking, but I can’t / I won’t be able to make it / I’m afraid I can’t because...
[other expressions]
* the followings show non-honourific and honourific to the listener when the speaker responds against his or her request
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같다. (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같네. (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같아. (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같군! (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙지만 못 갈 것 같습니다. (formal; more honourific bh ‘-스’)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠다. (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠네. (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠어. (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠군! (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙지만 못 가겠습니다. (formal; more honourific bh ‘-스’)
- 내일 회의가 있다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 회의가 있네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 회의가 있어. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 회의가 있어서. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 회의가 있기에. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 회의가 있기 때문에. (to younger people or friends)
- 내일 회의가 있네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 내일 회의가 있어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 내일 회의가 있어서요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 내일 회의가 있기 때문에요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 내일 회의가 있습니다. (formal; more honourific bh ‘-스’)
[explanations]
* 고마운 : thank
* 고맙다 : a verb form of 고마운
* 고맙지만 : 고맙(the stem of 고맙다) + -지만(but)
* 못 : this is exactly equal to "can not" in English
* 가다 : go
* 갈 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)
* 것 / 거 : a thing
* 같다 : [Pronunciation: 가타] (1) be equal to (2) looks like; seem in the sentence
* -ㄹ 거 같다 / -ㄹ 것 같다 : I think; It seem ~
* 가겠다 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -겠(the speaker’s will) + -다(a descriptive basic verb ending suffix); this means "I am going to go; I will go"
* 같습니다 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 가겠습니다 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -겠(the speaker’s will) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’); this means "I am going to go; I will go"
* 내일 : tomorrow
* 회의 : meeting
* -이 : subject article
* 있다 : be; exist; have
* 있어서 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어서(because of)
* 있기 때문에 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -기(a suffix makes a verb a noun) + 때문에(because of)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나 : a non-honourific exclamstory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 / -군 / -어서 / 있기 때문에 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-스’
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