2021-10-29

Let’s learn about "초대•방문"(Invitation/Visiting) #9

1. 저희 집에 오신 걸 환영합니다 : Welcome to my house / I would like to welcome to my house / Welcome to my sweet home


[other expressions]

- 우리 집에 온 걸 환영한다. (to younger people or friends)

- 우리 집에 온 걸 환영하네. (to younger people or friends)

- 우리 집에 온 걸 환영해. (to younger people or friends)

- 저희 집에 오신 걸 환영해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 저희 집에 오신 걸 환영합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)


[explanations]

* 우리 : (1) we; our (2) I; my in the sentence

* 저희 : an honourific form of 우리 to the elderly

* 집 : (1) house (2) home

* -에 : a place suffix means "to"


* 오다 : come

* 온 : 오(the stem of 오다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and attributive)

* 오신 : 오(the stem of 오다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and attributive)


* 걸 : a short form of 것을; 거(a short form of 것) + -ㄹ(an object suffix after a word ends in a vowel)

* 것 : (1) a thing (2) a fact in the sentence

* -을 : an object suffix after a word ends in a consonant


* 환영 : welcome; reception

* 환영하다 / 환영을 하다 : welcome

* 환영해 : 환영하(the stem of 환영하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 환영합니다 : 환영하(the stem of 환영하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂㄴ다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)


2. 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안해요 : Sorry to drop in at such late notice


[other expressions]

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안하다. (to younger people or friends)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안하네. (to younger people or friends)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안하군! (to younger people or friends)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안하구나! (to younger people or friends)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안해. (to younger people or friends)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 미안합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 죄송해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 갑자기 연락하고 찾아와서 죄송합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)


[explanations]

* 갑자기 / 불쑥 : suddenly, unexpectedly; abruptly, rapidly

* 연락 : connection; contact; liaison; communication

* 연락하다 / 연락을 하다 : make contact with; get in touch with; connect with; form a connection [liaison] with; communicate; get to; make a call

* 연락하고 : 연락하(the stem of 연락하다) + -고(and)


* 찾아오다 : drop in; visit

* 찾아와서 : 찾아오(the stem of 찾아오다) + -아서/어서/여서(because of; owing to)


* 미안한 : sorry

* 미안하다 : be sorry; this has a little informal nuance

* 미안해 : 미안하(the stem of 미안하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 미안합니다 : 미안하(the stem of 미안하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)


* 죄송한 : sorry

* 죄송하다 : be sorry; this has a formal nuance

* 죄송해요 : 죄송하(the stem of 죄송하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 죄송합니다 : 죄송하(the stem of 죄송하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -아 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatiry verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -어 / -아 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘습’ / ‘-ㅂ’


3. (어서) 들어와요. (오시길) 기다리고 있었어요 : I’ve beeb waiting for you / I was expecting you to stop by / I was hoping you would come by / You’re finally here!


* 마침내 오셨군요! : You’re finnally here!


[other expressions]

- (어서) 들어와. (to younger people or friends)

- (어서) 들어와라. (to younger people or friends)

- (어서) 들어올래. (to younger people or friends)

- (어서) 들어와요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- (어서) 들어올래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- (어서) 들어오실래요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오세요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오셔요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오시지요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오시죠. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- (어서) 들어오시겠습니까? (more honourific by ‘-시’)


- (오길) 기다리고 있었다. (to younger people or friends)

- (오길) 기다리고 있었네. (to younger people or friends)

- (오길) 기다리고 있었어. (to younger people or friends)

- (오시길) 기다리고 있었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- (오시길) 기다리고 있었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- (오시길) 기다리고 있었습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)


* The following sentences represent the welcome of meeting, so they have verb endings that express surprise.


- 마침내 왔네! (to younger people or friends)

- 마침내 왔군! (to younger people or friends)

- 마침내 왔구나! (to younger people or friends)

- 마침내 왔네요! (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 마침내 왔군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 마침내 오셨네요! (more honourific by ‘-스’)

- 마침내 오셨군요! (more honourific by ‘-스’)

- 마침내 오셨습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)


[explanations]

* 어서 : (1) quick(ly); fast; promptly; rapidly; without delay; in haste (2) (if you) please; kindly


* 들어오다 : come in <— 들다(enter; go in) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs) + 오다(come)


* 들어와 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 들어올래 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -ㄹ(a particle makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 들어오실래요 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a particle makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 들어오시죠 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix); -죠 is a short form of -지요

* 들어오셔요 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -여요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 들어오세요 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -어요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 들어오십시오 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 들어오시겠어요? : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s possibility) + -어요?(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 들어오시겠습니까? : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다) + -시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s possibility) + -스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + ㅂ니까?(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"

* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -실래요 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -셔요 / -세요 / -십시오 / -시겠어요? / -시겠습니까? : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"


* 오다 : come

* 오시다 : an honourific form of 오다 by ‘-시’


* 오기 : 오(the stem of 오다) + -기(a suffix makes a verb a noun after -ㄹ); this is similar to make a verb an infinitive form in English like "to come"

* 오길 : 오기(a noun form of 오다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes 오기 objective and attributive after a word ends in a vowel)


* 오시기 : 오시(the stem of 오시다) + -기(a suffix makes a verb a noun after -ㄹ); this is similar to make a verb an infinitive form in English like "to come" 

* 오시길 : 오시기(a noun form of 오시다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes 오기 objective and attributive after a word ends in a vowel)


* 기다리다 : wait for

* 기다리고 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다) + -고(and; a suffix makes a verb "be ...ing" as the form of "-고 있다”)


* 있다 : (1) be; exist (2) have (3) be ...ing as the form of "-고 있다”

* 있었다 : past tense of 있다 by ‘-었’(a suffix makes a verb past tense)

* 있었습니다 : 있었(the stem of 있었다) + -스( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -어 / + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘습’ / ‘-ㅂ’


* 마침내 : finally

* 오다 : come

* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by ‘-았’


* 오셨네요! : 오(the stem of 왔다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -였(s suffix makes a verb past tense) + -네(a descriptive and exclamatory verb ending suffix) + -요(a honourific verb ending suffix)

 * 오셨군요! : 오(the stem of 왔다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -였(s suffix makes a verb past tense) + -군(a descriptive and exclamatory verb ending suffix) + -요(a honourific verb ending suffix)

* 오셨습니까? : 오(the stem of 왔다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -였(s suffix makes a verb past tense) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(a interrogative honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-스’)


* a verb + 네! / -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네! + -군! + -요 : a honourific verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -습니까? : a interrogative honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-스’


4. 신발을 벗으세요 : Please take off your shoes / Can you please take off your shoes? / If you could take your shoes. I’d really appreciate it


[other expressions]

- 신발을 벗어. (to younger people or friends)

- 신발을 벗어라. (to younger people or friends)

- 신발을 벗을래. (to younger people or friends)

- 신발을 벗어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 신발을 벗을래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 신발을 벗으실래요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 신발을 벗으세요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 신발을 벗으셔요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 신발을 벗으십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 신발을 벗으시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 신발을 벗으시겠습니까? (more honourific by ‘-시’)


[explanations]

* 신발 / 신 : shoes

* -을 : an object particle after a word ends in a consonant


* 벗다 : (1) [옷(clothes), 신발(shoes), 장갑(gloves), 양말(socks), 목도리(muffler, scarf) and so on] take off, slip off, throw off


* 벗어 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 벗어라 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -어라(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 벗을래 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -을(a particle makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 벗으실래요 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a particle makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 벗으시죠 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix); -죠 is a short form of -지요

* 벗으셔요 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -여요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 벗으세요 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -어요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 벗으십시오 : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)

* 벗으시겠어요? : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s possibility) + -어요?(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 벗으시겠습니까? : 벗(the stem of 벗다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s possibility) + -스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + ㅂ니까?(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -어 / -을래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"

* a verb + -어 / -을래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -으실래요 / -으시지요 / -으시죠 / -으셔요 / -으세요 / -으십시오 / -으시겠어요? / -으시겠습니까? : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"

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