Let's learn about "식사 하셨어요?"

식사(는) 하셨는지요? : Did you have a meal?

[other expressions]

1) To someone who's the same age as me or younger

- 밥(은) 먹었니? = 식사(는) 했니? (to younger people or friends)

- 밥(은) 먹었나? = 식사(는) 했나? (to younger people or friends)

- 밥(은) 먹었냐? = 식사(는) 했냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 밥(은) 먹었어? = 식사(는) 했어? (to younger people or friends)

- 밥(은) 먹었나요? = 식사(는) 했나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 밥(은) 먹었어요? = 식사(는) 했어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 밥(은) 먹었습니까? = 식사(는) 했습니까? (honourific by ‘-요’)

2) To someone older than me or someone in a higher position

- 식사(는) 하셨어요? (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 식사(는) 하셨는지요? (more honourific by ‘시')

- 식사(는) 하셨습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

3) To someone who is very old or very senior to me (grandfather, grandmother, king or aristocrats of Korean historical dramas)

- 진지(는) 드셨나요? (more honourific by ‘시')

- 진지(는) 드셨어요? (more honourific by ‘시')

- 진지(는) 드셨는지요? (more honourific by ‘시')

- 진지(는) 드셨습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]

* 밥 : meal

* 식사 : (1) [=인사말] address, (formal) oration (2) meal

* 진지 : (1) [군사시설] stronghold;  (military) camp; encampment (2) [=밥의 높임말] an honourific word of 밥 / 식사 to the elderly or senior

* -는 : a postpositional particle used to indicate that a certain subject is the topic of a sentence and also this used to indicate an emphasis; this is used instead of '-를/을(a particle makes a noun objective)

* 밥(을) 먹다 = 식사하다 : have a meal; eat

* 먹다 : eat (non-honourigic word)

* 들다 : eat (non-honourific word)

* 드시다 : an honourific form of 들다 by '시'

* 진지(를) 드시다 : an honourific phrase of 밥 먹다 / 식사하다 to the elderly or senior

* 먹었다 : past tense of 먹다 by '-었-'

* 했다 : past tense of 하다 by '-었-'

* 드셨다 : past tense of 드시다 by '-었-'

* 하셨다 : an honourific form of 했다 by '시-'

* 먹었습니까? : 먹었(the stem of 먹었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 했습니까? : 했(the stem of 했다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 하셨습니까? : 하셨(the stem of 하셨다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 드셨습니까? : 드셨(the stem of 드셨다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는지? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -나? / -는지? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니까? / -습니까 : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ-‘ / '시' / '스'