1. -라고 / -이라고 means mainly "(saying) that it is; call-ing it (by name); quote".
2. 라고 : a postposition attached to the stem root of a noun ends vowel
3. 이라고 : a postposition attached to the stem root of a noun ends consonant
4. Usages of -(이)라고
1) this means quoting a person’s words
(1) -(이)라고 mean simply quoting a person's words.
- 세 시 차라고 합디다 : The station clerk said it was a three o'clock car.
* 세 : three
* 시 : o’clock
* 차 : car
* 라고 : quoting
* 하다 : do; say in this sentence
* 합디다 : somebody said that ~ (see 하더라)
- 그 아이가 자기 동생이라고 하더라 : the boy said he is his young brother
* 그 : that; the
* 아이 : a child; a boy
* 는 : a suffix makes 그 아이 subjective
* 자기 : self; his in this sentence
* 동생 : younger brother or sister
* 이라고 : quoting
* 하다 : do; say in this sentence
* 하더라 : somebody said that ~ (see. 합디다)
(2) -(이)라고 denote it as trivial after quoting a person’s word
- 재미있는 영화라고 해서 봤더니 별로더라 : They said it was an interesting movie, so I watched it and it wasn't that fun
* 재미있는 : fun
* 영화 : movie; cinema
* 해서 of 라고 해서 : 하다(do; say in this sentence) + -어서(and then)
* -어서 : a connection suffix that means the word becomes the condition, means, reason, etc. of the following words. it means "and) so; and then; so... that; because (of); on account of; for; as; from)"
* 라고 해서 : somebody said that ~, so ...
* 보다 : watch; see; look
* 봤다 : past tense of 보다
* 더니 of 봤더니 : a connection suffix indicates that a fact that is heard or experienced is the reason (cause, condition, premise) for another fact.
* 별로 : in particular; particularly; specially; especially; very; much
* 별로이다 / 별로 좋지 않다 : Nothing in particular
- 이걸 음식이라고 먹으라니... : I can't believe you're supposed to eat this as food.
* 이걸 : a short form of 이것을
* 이것을 : 이(this) + 것(thing; stuff) + 을(a suffix makes 이것 objective)
* 음식 : food
* 이라고 : somebody think as trivial after quoting a person’s word
* 먹다 : eat
* -(으)라니 : a short form of (으)라고 하니
* -(으)라고 하니 : a descriptive verb ending word that ends by asking questions again, or expressing dissatisfaction or dubious feelings.
- 재미있는 책이라고 해서 샀더니 볼 것이 없더라 : I bought it because they said it was an interesting book, but there was nothing to see.
* 재미있는 : interesting
* 책 : book
* 이라고 : somebody think as trivial after quoting a person’s word
* 사다 : buy
* 샀다 : bought
* -더니 of 샀더니 : It is attached to the words '-시-' of the word or the words '-시-' of the words or the tense '-았-았-겠·' and '-겠-겠-' to indicate that the facts heard or experienced are the reasons (cause, condition, premise) for other facts.
* 보다 : see; look; watch; read in this sentence
* 볼 : future tense or infinitive of 보다
* 것 : thing; stuff
* 이 : a suffix makes 볼 것 subjective
* 없다 : be not
* 볼 것이 없다 : be nothing to see
* -더라 of 없더라 : I have found that; it is known that; I hear [have been told] that; s verb ending suffix reminding of the past or expressing the recollection in a sentimental mood
(3) -(이)라고 notifys its meaning to others with a manner that refers to a universal and general concept,
- 총 쏘는 사람을 사수라고 한다 : s person who shoot is a shooter
* 총 : gun
* 쏘다 : shoot
* 쏘는 : present tense of 쏘다
* 사람 : human being; person
* 을 : s suffix makes 사람 objective
* 사수 : a shooter
* 하다 : do; say in this sentence
* 한다 : present tense of 하다
* -(이)라고 한다 : be as something or someone
- 직립 보행하는 동물을 사람이라고 한다 : Animals that walk upright are said to be human
* 직립 : upright
* 보행 : a walk
* 보행하다 : walk
* 보행하는 : present tense of 보행하다
* 동물 : animal
* 을 : a suffix makes 동물 objective
* 하다 : do; say in this sentence
* 한다 : present tense of 하다
* -(이)라고 한다 : be as something or someone
2) -(이)라고 indicates that it's nothing.
- 나라고 뭐 별다른 생각이 있겠니? : I can't say I have any particular idea.
* 나 : I
* 라고 : even me
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what);
* 뭐 : what; any in this sentence
* 별다른 / 특별한 : particular
* 생각 : thinking; idea
* 이 : a suffix makes 생각 subjective
* 있다 : be; have in this sentence
* -겠니 of 있겠니 : 겠(a suffix indicates possibilty attached to a verb or -이다) + 니(a questioning verb ending suffix)
- 뭐, 그 사람이라고 별수 있으랴 : well,
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what), but means "well" in this sentence
* 그 : that; the
* 사람 : human being; person
* -이라고 : even
* 별수 : (1) [=달리 어떻게 할 방법] a special[an effective] means[way]; a secret key[method]; the secret; the mystery; a magical formula; a capital[brilliant / particular] idea (2) [=여러 방법] every means; all resources
* 별수[別數] : [=특히 좋은 운수] special luck; extraordinary good fortune; a very lucky[good] break
* (이젠) 별수 없다 : There is no help for it at this late date. / It's too late to do anything about it. / Now we are the end of our tether[resources]
* 있다 : be
* -(으)랴 of 있으랴 : a verb ending suffix attached to a stem ending with a consonant other than 'ᄅ' or 았(었)-’·‘-겠-’ indicates tense. it makes a sentence a ironic question
* 있으랴! / 있겠는가! : Could there be?
* 별수 없다 = 별수 있으랴 : there is not a special means.
3) -(이)라고 : a verb ending suffix shows the meaning of re-questioning a person's words. and this can be shortened to “-(이)라".
- 뭐, 내가 꼴찌라고? = 뭐, 내가 꼴찌라? : What, I'm last?
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what)
* 내 : I
* 가 : a suffix makes 내 subjective
* 꼴찌 : last
* 라고 : re-questioning a person's words
- 그래 이걸 인삼이라고? : So this is ginseng?
* 그래 : so
* 이걸 : a short form of 이것을
* 이것을 : 이(this) + 것(thing; stuff) + 을(a suffix makes 이것 objective)
* 인삼 : ginseng
* 이다 : be
* -라고 / -라 : a verb ending suffix shows the meaning of re-questioning a person's words.
5. - (으)라고 : as a verb ending suffix
1) A connection suffix attached to a verb ending in vowels or 'ㄹ' or to a '-시-' shows a politeness, indicating the meaning of quoting instructions, instructions, wishes, etc.
* -라 can be used as a short form of -라고
- 빨리 가라고 일러라 : Tell him to go fast. / Tell him to leave first.
* 빨리 : fast / [=먼저 빨리] first
* 가다 : go
* -라고 : the meaning of quoting instructions, instructions, wishes, etc.
* 이르다 : (1) let (a person) know; inform; report; tell; tell on (a person); inform [peach] (a person against another) (2) say (3) (be) early; premature
* -ㄹ러라 of 일러다 : a verb ending suffix means "let someone do; have someone do" with imperative nuance
2) a verb ending suffix or a connection suffix, attached to the stem root of ‘아니다’(be not)
(1) a verb ending suffix means requestioning
- 뭐, 이게 진짜가 아니라고? :
(2) a connection suffix means quoting
- 이게 아니라고 우기고 있다 : They insist that this is not the case. / They insist that this is a fake.
* 이게 : a short form of 이것이
* 이것이 : 이(this) + 것(thing; stuff) + 이(a suffix makes 이것 subjective)
* 아니다 : be not
* -라고 : quoting
* 우기다 : insist
* 있다 : be
* -고 있다 : it makes a verb progressive
* 우기고 있다 : be insisting
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