2020-08-27

Let’s learn about “-이면서", "-면서", "-이며", "-며” suffix

1. -이면서 / -면서 / -이며 / -며 means the followings


1) [동작·상태의 진행(progress of action or state] ‥ing; [=…하면서(동시에)] while; as; between; during; over; with; at the same time (that)


2) [=이지만] though; [=…에도 불구하고•-면서도] but; yet; still; in spite of; for[with] all


2. -이면서 : a connection postposition between two verbs, which is attached to a root stem of a word ends consonant except ‘ㄹ’, indicates two or more facts. -이며 is a short form of -이면서. but -면서 should be used after the root stem of a word ends a vowel or ‘ㄹ’ consonant.


(1) 그는 교장이면서 평교사다 : He is a principal and a common teacher.


* 그 : he

* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 교장 : principal

* -이면서 : and; at the same time

* 평교사 : common teacher, regular teacher absent from duty

* -다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix


3. -이면서도 / -면서도 means "and" / "while"


1) -이면서도 : a connection postposition between two verbs, which is attached to a root stem of a word ends consonant except ‘ㄹ’


2) -면서도 : a connection suffix between two verbs, which is attached to the root stem of word ends a vowel or a ‘ㄹ’ consonant or -시-´ shows a politeness to other person


4. -면서 can be used a suffix or a postposition


1) a connection suffix between two verbs, which is attached to the root stem of word ends a vowel or a ‘ㄹ’ consonant or -시-´ shows a politeness to other person, indicates two or more action or state. -며 is a short form of -면서


(1) 알면서 모르는 체한다 : Even though you know, you pretend you don’t know


* 알다 : know

* 면서 : even though; for all

* 모르다 : don’t know

* 모르는 : an adjective form of 모르다

* 체하다 : pretend


(2) 가난하게 살면서 : while living in poverty


* 가난한 : poor

* 가난하다 : be poor

* 가난함 : poverty

* 가난하게 : in poverty

* 살다 : live

* -면서 : while


(3) 울면서 이야기하다 : tell between sobs


* 울다 : cry; sob

* -면서 : while; between

* 울면서 : between sobs

* 이야기 : story

* 이야기하다 : tell; say; talk


(4) 수상한 자가 주위를 둘러보면서 그 집으로 숨어들었다 : A suspicious-looking man looked around carefully and stole into the house


* 수상한 : suspicious; strange, shady, fishy

* 수상하다 : (1) a verb form of 수상한 (2) [=상을 받다] be awarded (a prize)

* 자 : a person (a touch of degrading)

* 주위 : surroundings

* 를 : a suffix makes 주위 objective after s word ends s vowel

* 둘러보다 : look around carefully

* -면서 : while; and

* 그 : that

* 집 : house; home

* 으로 : into

* 숨다 : hide

* 숨어들다 : steal into

* 숨어들었다 : stole into


(5) 식사를 하면서[포도주를 마시면서] 이야기합시다 ; Let's talk over our meal[a bottle of wine]


* 식사 : meal

* 식사하다 = 식사를 하다 : have a meal; eat

* 포도주 : a bottle of wine

* 를 : a suffix makes 포도주 objective after s word ends a vowel

* 마시다 : drink

* -면서 : while

* 이야기 : story

* 이야기하다 : tell; say; talk

* -합시다 : let’s do something


(6) 그는 눈을 반짝이면서 선생님의 말에 귀를 기울였다 : He listened to the teacher with shining eyes.


* 그 : he

* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 눈 : eye

* 을 : a suffix makes 눈 objective after a word ends a consonant

* 반짝이다 : shine

* -이면서 : with; while

* 선생님 : teacher

* 의 : a suffix makes 선생님 possesive

* 말 : word

* 에 : a place suffix

* 귀 : ear

* 기울이다 : (1) lean, tilt, tip (2) devote (oneself) to, concentrate on, direct (one's attention / one's efforts) to, pay (one's attention) to, bend one's mind to

- 주의를 기울이다 : pay attention (to)

* 귀를 기울이다 : listen to one’s word carefully

* 기울였다 : past tense of 기울이다


2) a connection postposition between two verbs, which is attached to the root stem of a word ends a vowel, indicates two or more facts. -며 is a short form of -면서 and -이면서 is another form of -면서


(1) 나는 한 남자의 아내면서 두 딸의 어머니다 : I am the wife of a man and the mother of two daughters.


* 나 : I (non-polite to other person)

* 는 : a suffix makes 나 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 한 : one

* 남자 : man; male

* 의 : a suffix makes 남자 possesive

* 아내 : wife

* -면서 : while; and

* 두 : two

* 딸 : daughter

* 의 : a suffix makes 두 딸 possesive

* 어머니 : mother

* -다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix


(2) 싫어하면서(도) : against one's will / reluctantly


* 싫은 : reluctant

* 싫다 = 싫어하다 : be against one’s will; be reluctant

* -면서 = -면서도 : while; even though


(3) 몸에 해로운 줄 알면서 담배를 끊을 수 없다 : I cannot give up smoking, knowing as I do that it is bad for the health.


* 몸 : body

* 에 : a place suffix

* 해로운 : bad for the health

* 해롭다 : a verb form of 해로운

* 줄 : [=걸 = 것을] the fact that ~

* 걸 : a short form of 것을 <— 것(a thing; stuff; anything to do) + 을(a suffix makes 것 objective after a word ends a consonant)

* 알다 : know

* -면서 : even though

* 담배 : tabacco; smoking

* 를 : a suffix makes 담배 objective after a word ends a vowel

* 끊다 : cur

* 담배를 피우다 : smoke

* 담배를 끊다 : give up smoking

* 끊을 : future tense of 끊다

* 수 : a way; a method

* 없다 : be not; can’t

* 끊을 수 없다 : can’t give up -ing


5. -이며 / -며 means (1) "and; or; and/or” (2) a short form of -이면서 / -면서(while; as; over; during; with)


1) -이며 : a connection suffix or postposition, which attached to the root stem of a word ends consonant, enumerates two or more things. -며 should be attached to the root stem of a word ends a vowel. but this can be used as a short form of -이면서


(1) 이번 장마로 논이며 밭이며 집이며 모두가 물에 잠겼다 : This rainy season has flooded rice paddies, fields, and houses.


* 이번 : this

* 장마 : the rainy spell in (early) summer; a spell of rainy weather

* 로 : as; by; because (of)

* 논 : rice paddies

* 밭 : fields

* 집 : house; home

* -이며 : and

* 모두 : all

* 가 : a suffix makes 모두 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 물 : water

* 에 : a place suffix

* 잠기다 : sink; be submerged (under water); go down to (the bottom); be absorbed [engrossed, immersed] in; be intent [bent] on; be given to; be flooded

* 물에 잠기다 : be flooded

* 잠겼다 : past tense of 잠기다


(2) 그는 시인이며 소설가다 : He is a poet and novelist.


* 그 : he

* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 시인 : poet

* -이며 : a short form of -이면서 means "while; as; over; during; with”

* 소설가 : novelist

* -다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix


(3) 제비꽃이며 튤립과 같은 꽃 : flowers, such as violets and tulips


* 제비 : (1) [=추첨] a lot; a lottery; a raffle; a lottery ticket (2) a swallow

* 꽃 : flowers

* 제비꽃 : violets

* -이며 : and

* 튤립 : tulips

* -과 같은 = 와 같은 : such as


(4) 책이며 연필이며 하는 것들을 샀다 : I bought books, pencils and the like. 


* 책 : book

* 연필 : pencil

* -이며 : and

* -하는 것 = 이러한 것 = 과 같은 = -와 같은 : the like; such as

* 들 : a plural suffix

* 을 : a suffix makes 것들 objective after a word ends a consonant

* 사다 : buy

* 샀다 : past tense of 사다


2) -며 : a connection suffix or postposition, which attached to the root stem of a word ends a vowel, enumerates two or more things, and two or more action or state. -이며 should be attached to the root stem of a word ends a consonant. but this can be used as a short form of -면서


[remark]  -이고 and -고 means "and"


(1) 앞을 보며 걷자 : Let's walk forward.


* 앞 : the front; the fore (part)

* 을 : a suffix makes 앞 objective after a word ends a consonant

* 보다 : look; see; watch

* -며 : a suffix means "while; as; over; during; with"

* 걷다 : walk

* -자 : let’s do simething


(2) 나는 개며 소며 돼지며 가축은 다 기른다 : I raise dogs, cows, pigs, and livestock.


* 나 : I (non-polite to other person)

* 는 : a suffix makes 나 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 개 : dog

* 소 : cow

* 돼지 : pig

* 가축 : livestock

* -며 : a connection postpostion means "and / or"

* 은 = 을 = 를 : a suffix makes 개며 소며 돼지며 가축 objective

* 다 : all

* 기르다 : raise

* 기른다 : present tense of 기르다


(3) 사과며 복숭아며 기타 여러 과일 : apples, peaches and many other fruits


* 사과 : apple

* 복숭아 : peach

* -며 : a connection suffix means "and / or"

* 기타 : and so on; etc

* 여러 : many other

* 과일 : fruit


(4) 그의 어머니는 얼굴도 고우며 품행도 얌전하다 : His mother is both good-looking and well-behaved


* 그 : he

* 의 : a suffix makes 그 possesive

* 그의 : his

* 어머니 : mother

* 는 : a suffix makes 그의 어머니 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 얼굴 : face

* 고운 : good-looking

* 곱다 : a verb form of 고운

* 고우며 : good-looking and

* -며 : a connection suffix means "and / or"

* 품행 : behaviour

* 도 : too

* 얌전한 : well-behaved

* 얌전하다 : a verb form of 얌전한


(5) 그는 정치가며 미술가다 : He is a political artist.


* 그 : he

* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 정치가 : politician

* -며 : a short form of -이며(at the same time; while; as; over; during; with)

* 미술가 : artist

* -다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix


(6) 미소하며 / 미소를 지으며 : with a smile


* 미소 / 미소하다 : smile

* -며 : a short form of -이며(at the same time; while; as; over; during; with)

* 짓다 : make; build; write: compose; make a name

* 미소(를) 지으며 : with a smile


(7) 울며 말하다 : tell between sobs


* 울다 : cry; sob

* -며 : a short form of -이며(at the same time; while; as; over; during; with)

* 말하다 : tell: say; talk


(8) 한잔 하며 이야기하다 : talk over a bottle of wine


* 한 : one

* 잔 : a cup; a bottle of wine in this sentence

* 하다 : do

* 한잔 하다 : eat a bottle of wine

* -며 : a short form of -이며(at the same time; while; as; over; during; with)

* 이야기 : story

* 이야기하다 : tell; say; talk


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