1. 신상/성향 - 외모/체형 : one’s life/disposition - appearance/figure
* 신상[身上] : (1) [=처지] one's body; one's lot [condition, circumstances]; one's history [career, life] (2) [=몸] one's person; one's body
* 신상[神像] : an image[idol] of a deity[god]
* 신상 = 신규상품[新規商品] : a new item; a new product
* 성향[性向] : an inclination; a disposition; a propensity; a tendency
* 외모[外貌] : (outward) appearance; external features [aspect]; externals; the exterior
* 체형[體形] : [=몸의 생긴 모양] a form; a figure; a (bodily) shape
* 체형[體型] : [=체격의 형] a body type
2. See the original: https://phrase.dict.naver.com/detail.nhn?bigCategoryNo=2&middleCategoryNo=26&smallCategoryNo=167&targetLanguage=en
3. See the related lessons on my blog
1) 신상/성향 - 국적/지역 : http://mymintscent.blogspot.com/2020/09/lets-learn-about-from-naver-portal.html
2) 신상/성향 - 나이/생일 : http://mymintscent.blogspot.com/2020/09/lets-learn-about-from-naver-portal_8.html
4. 대화(Dialogue)
<A person> 키가 몇이에요? : How tall are you?
[other expressions]
- 키가 몇인가요?
- 키가 몇인지요?
- 키가 몇입니까? (formal)
- 키가 몇이신가요? (more polite by ‘-시-‘)
- 키가 몇이신지요? (more polite by ‘-시-‘)
- 키가 몇이십니까? (formal; more polite by ‘-시-‘)
- 키가 얼마요? (to ther younger or friendly)
- 키가 얼마예요?
- 키가 얼마인가요?
- 키가 얼마인지요?
- 키가 얼마입니까? (formal)
- 키가 얼마이신가요? (more polite by ‘-시-‘)
- 키가 얼마이신지요? (more polite by ‘-시-‘)
- 키가 얼마이십니까? (formal; more polite by ‘-시-‘)
[explanations]
* 키 : (1) stature; height (2) a key (3) a rudder; a helm; a (steering) wheel
* 가 : a suffix makes 키 subjective
* 몇 : how much; how many; how
* 이다 : be
* a noun + -이에요 : a descriptive or questioning form of 이다 after a word ends a consonant
* a noun + -예요 : a descriptive or questioning form of 이다 after a word ends a vowel
* 얼마 : how; what
* a noun + -요? / -이에요? / -예요? / -인가요? / -인지요? / -이신가요? / -이신지요? / -입니까? / -이십니까? : a questioning form of 이다 with a politeness by ‘-요’ / ‘-시-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’
<B person> 182센티미터예요 : 182 centimeters.
[other expressions]
- 182센티미터입니다. (formal)
- 182센치예요.
- 182센치입니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 182센티미터 / 182센치 : [Pronunciation : (일)백팔십이]
* 센치 : a short form of 센티미터(Centi-Meter)
* a noun + -예요 : a descriptive or questioning form of 이다 after a word ends a vowel
* a noun + -입니다 : a descriptive polite formal form of 이다 to other person
<A person> 키가 크시네요 : You're tall.
[other expressions]
- 키가 크네요.
- 키가 크군요.
- 키가 큽니다. (formal)
- 키가 크시군요. (more polite by ‘-시’)
- 키가 크십니다. (formal; more polite by ‘-시’)
[explanations]
* 키 : (1) stature; height (2) a key (3) a rudder; a helm; a (steering) wheel
* 가 : a suffix makes 키 subjective
* 큰 : tall
* 크다 : be tall
* 큽니다 : 크다 + ㅂ니다
* a verb + -네요 / -군요 / -ㅂ니다 / -시군요 / -시네요 / -십니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-시’
5. 문장(Sentences)
1) 그는 잘생겼어요 : He looks good.
[other expressions]
- 그는 잘생겼네요.
- 그는 잘생겼군요.
- 그는 장생겼습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 그 : he
* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 잘 : well
* 생기다 : (1) come into being; form; be born (2) get; obtain; come by (3) arise; occur; happen; take place; come to pass; break out; chance; transpire (4) look (like); seem; appear
* 잘생기다 : be handsome; looks good; be good-looking; be nice-looking
* 잘생겼다 : past tense of 잘생기다 but this verb has the same meaning as 잘생기다(be good-looking)
* a verb + -어요 / -네요 / -군요 / -습니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습-
2) 그의 여동생도 참 예뻐요 : His sister is so pretty, too.
[other expressions]
- 그의 여동생도 참 예쁘네요.
- 그의 여동생도 참 예쁘군요.
- 그의 여동생도 참 예쁩니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 그 : he
* 의 : a suffix makes 그 possesive
* 여 : woman; female
* 동생[同生] : one's younger brother or sister
* 여동생 : one’s younger sister
* 남동생 : one’s younger brother
* 도 : too; also
* 참 : so; very
* 예쁜 : pretty
* 예쁘다 : be pretty
* 예뻐(요) : 예쁘다 + 어(요)
* 예뿌다 / 이뿌다 / 어여뿌다 : dialects(사투리) of 예쁘다
* a verb + -어요 / -네요 / -군요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ-
3) (그는) 한국인의 기본 체형이에요 : He's the average size for a Korean.
[other expressions]
- (그는) 한국인의 기본 체형이네요.
- (그는) 한국인의 기본 체형입니다.
[explanations]
* 그 : he
* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 한국인 : a Korean (people)
* 의 : a suffix makes 한국인 possesive
* 기본 : standard; average
* 체형[體形] : [=몸의 생긴 모양] a form; a figure; a (bodily) shape; size in this sentence
* 이다 : be
* -이에요 / 이네요 / 입니다 : a descriptive polite form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
4) 귀여워요 : Cute.
[other expressions]
- 귀엽군요.
- 귀엽습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 귀여운 : cute
* 귀엽다 : be cute
* a verb + -워요 / - 어요 / -군요 / -습니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습-‘
5) (그는) 몸집이 작아요 : He has a small build.
[other expressions]
- (그는) 몸집이 작네요.
- (그는) 몸집이 작군요.
- (그는) 몸집이 작습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 그 : he
* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 몸 : body
* 집 : house
* 몸집 : a body; figure; size; stature; a frame; one’s build; constitution
* 이 : a suffix makes 몸집 the topic of the sentence
* 작은 : small
* 작다 : be small
* a verb + -아요 / -네요 / -군요 / -습니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습-‘
6) 멋쟁이예요 : He is cool.
[other expressions]
- 멋쟁이네요.
- 멋쟁이군요.
- 멋쟁이입니다. (formal)
- 멋쟁입니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 멋 : smartness; stylishness; foppery; dandyism; dudism
* -쟁이 : a person with a characteristic attached to a word indicating a person's character, characteristic habit, behavior, shape, etc.
* 멋쟁이 : a dude; a dandy; a fop; a swell; a classy dresser; a cockscomb
* 이다 : be
* a noun + -예요 / -네요 / -군요 / -입니다 : a descriptive polite ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-입-‘
7) 저는 보기보다 체중이 많이 나가요 : I weigh more than I look.
[other expressions]
- 저는 보기보다 체중이 많이 나가네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 저는 보기보다 체중이 많이 나갑니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (polite word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 보다 : look; see; watch
* 보기 : 보다 + 기(a suffix makes a verb a noun)
* 보다 : more than
* 체중 : [=몸무게] one’s weight
* 이 : a suffix makes 체중 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 많이 : so many; so much
* 나가다 : (1) go out; get out; take one's way out; step out (2) be worth; weigh
* a verb + -요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
8) (저는) 뚱뚱해요 : Fat.
[other expressions]
- (저는) 뚱뚱하네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- (저는) 뚱뚱합니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (polite word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 뚱뚱한 : fat
* 뚱뚱하다 : be fat
* -해요 : 하다 + 어요
* a verb + -요 / -어요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
9) (저는) 날씬해요 : Thin.
[other expressions]
- (저는) 날씬하네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- (저는) 날씬합니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (polite word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 날씬한 : thin
* 날씬하다 : be thin
* -해요 : 하다 + 어요
* a verb + -요 / -어요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
10) (저는) 몸무게가 늘었어요 : I've gained weight.
[other expressions]
- (저는) 몸무게가 늘었네요.
- (저는) 몸무게가 늘었습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (polite word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 몸무게 : [=체중] one’s weight
* 가 : a suffix makes 몸무게 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel
* 늘다 : increase; gain (one’s weight)
* 늘었다 : past tense or present perfect of 늘다
* a verb + -요 / -어요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
11) (저는) 살을 좀 빼야겠어요 : I need to lose weight.
[other expressions]
- (저는) 살을 좀 빼야겠습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (polite word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 살 : skin; [=체중•몸무게] weight
* 을 : a suffix makes 살 objective after a word ends a consonant
* 빼다 : (1) pull out; subtract; remove (2) dress up (3) [=체중을 줄이다•몸무게를 줄이다] lose one’s weight
* 빼야겠어요 : 빼다 + 야 + 겠 + 어요
* 빼야겠습니다 : 빼다 + 야 + 겠 + 습니다
* -야- : attached to a vowel, postposition, suffix, etc., ending in a vowel, a meaning that emphasizes the word in particular
* -겠- : a suffix, attaching the stem of verb or the word '이다', indicates the will of subject
* a verb + -요 / -어요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
12) (저는) 살이 좀 빠진 것 같아요 : I think I've lost weight.
[other expressions]
- (저는) 살이 좀 빠진 것 같네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- (저는) 살이 좀 빠진 것 같습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (polite word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 살 : skin; [=체중•몸무게] weight
* 이 : a suffix makes 체중 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 빠지다 : (1) go out (2) lose one’s weight
* 빠진 : present tense of 빠지다
* 것 : a thing; a stuff; sometimes this makes a sentence like starting as "that ~"
* 살이 빠진 것 : that I’ve lost weight
* 같다 : (1) be the same (2) I think that ~
* a verb + -요 / -어요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive polite verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
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