1. 게 : [adverb] : 《옛말(old word)》 그곳에(over there). 거기(there)
【예(ex)】
(1) 게 있어라 = 거기 있어라 : Stay where your are.
* 게 = 거기 : there; where your are
* 있다 : (1) be; exist (2) stay in this sentence
* -어라 : an imperative verb ending suffix to the younger or friendly.
2. 게 : [조사(postposition)] 에게(to; toward; for)
【예(ex)】
(1) 내게 온 편지 : a letter for me
* 내 : I; me (non-polite word to other person)
* 게 : for; to
* 오다 : come
* 온 : past perfect of 오다
* 편지 : a letter
(2) 내게 돈이 있다면 … = 내가 돈이 있다면 : If I had money, ‥ / I wish I had money
* 내 : I; me (non-polite word to other person)
* 게 : for; to
* 가 : a suffix makes 내 subjective
* 돈 : money
* 이 : a suffix makes 돈 the topic of the sentence
* 있다 : (1) be; exist (2) have
* -면 : a suffix makes 돈이 있다면 the subjunctive mood; this means "if I had something; I wish I had something"
3. 게(Ge) : [명사(noun)] [= 가이아(Gaea)] Goddess of the Earth in Greek mythology
4. 게 : [부사격 조사(adverbial postposition )] a suffix means "-에게(to; for)" and be attached to the stem of a word ends a vowel like ‘내’, ‘네’, ‘제’ and so on.
【예(ex)】
(1) 그 일은 네게 맡기겠다 : I'll leave the matter to you.
* 그 : that; the
* 일 : (1) work (2) matter; thing
* 은 : a suffix makes 그 일 the topic of the sentence and can be replaced by ‘을’(a suffix makes 그 일 objective)
* 네 : you (non-polite word to other person)
* -게 : to; for
* 맡기다 : (1) leave, put, check (in); deposit (2) eave (sth to sb), assign (sb sth), entrust (sb with sth) (3) leave a child in[to] the care of (a day nursery)
* -겠- : one’s will in the futue
* -다 : a descriptive formal verb ending suffix
5. 게 : [어말 어미(a verb suffix)]
1) [친근한 명령] a friendly imperative verb ending suffix means "do" and be attached to the stem of a verb or ‘-시-’(a suffix indicates politeness to the elderly) and attached to an adjective.
【예(ex)】
(1) 가까이 오게 : please come close
* 가까운 : (1) [거리(distance)] close (to), nearby, close by, near (2) [시간(time)] near, close (to), immediate (3) [사이·관계(relationship)] close (to), intimate
* 가까이 : an adverb form of 가까운
* 가깝다 : a verb form of 가까운
* 오다 : come
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(2) 많이 먹게 : help youself: please eat a lot
* 많은 : a lot; so many; so much
* 많이 : an adverb form of 많은
* 많다 : a verb form of 많은
* 먹다 : eat
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(3) 부디 침착하게 : Please remain calm
* 부디 : please
* 침착한 : matronly, matronal, composed, self-collected, cool-headed, collected, serene, imperturbable, balancing, sober minded, staid, together, possessed, quiet, steady
* 침착하다 : (1) be composed, take coolly
keep one's head (2) remain calm
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(4) 좀 조용하게 : please be quiet
* 좀 : (1) a little (2) please
* 조용한 : quiet
* 조용하다 : be quiet
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(5) 들어오게 : Come in
* 들어오다 : come in
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(6) 어서 앉게 : Sit down. / You sit down
* 어서 : (1) [=빨리] quick(ly); fast; promptly; rapidly; without delay[hesitation] (2) [=부디] please; kindly; [환영의 뜻으로] right; with pleasure; welcome
* -어서 : (and) so; and then; so... that; because (of); on account of; for; as; from
* 앉다 : sit down
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(7) 많이 먹게 : Eat your fill
* 많이 : (1) a lot; so many; so much (2) [=충분히] to the fill; fully
* 먹다 : eat
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
(8) 그 일은 자네가 맡게 : You take care of the matter
* 그 : that; the
* 일 : (1) work (2) a matter; a thing
* 은 : a suffix makes 그 일 the topic of the sentence and can be replaced by ‘을’(a suffix makes 그 일 objective after a word ends a consonant)
* 자네 : you (this should be used to the younger or friendly)
* 가 : a suffix makes 자네 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 맡다 : (1) [=보관하다] keep; receive in trust[custody]; take charge of ; take in charge; take under one's charge; have the custody of ; be entrusted with ; take over (2) [=책임지다·담당[감독]하다] undertake; take on; take[have] charge of; be in charge of ; take in hand; take upon oneself ; charge oneself ; have under one's charge[care]; assume the care of ; take in charge
* -게 : friendly imperative verb ending suffix
6. -게 : a questioning verb ending suffix to the younger or friendly. this is attached to the stem of a word or ‘이다’ or ‘-시-‘(this indicates politeness to the eldely) or ‘-았/-었-‘(this makes a verb past tense)
1) -게 indicates that the preceding facts will lead to such an event.
【예(ex)】
(1) 그러다가는 나만 골탕먹게? : I'm going to have a hard time doing that.
* 그러다 : doing that
- 너 그러다 큰코다친다 : You keep going on like that, and you'll be in big trouble.
* 너 : you (non-polite word to other person)
* 그러다 : you keep going on like that
* 큰 : big
* 코 : nose
* 다치다 : hurt
* 큰코다치다 : be in big trouble
* 큰코다친다 : you’ll be in big trouble
* -가는 : a suffix emphasizes 그러다
* 나 : I (non-polite word to other person)
* 만 : only
* 골탕 : [=손해] a great loss[injury]; heavy[serious] damage
* 골탕을 먹다 = 골탕먹다 : suffer a big loss / [=애먹다] have bitter experiences / have a hard time (of it)
* -게 : indicates that the preceding facts will lead to such an event.
2) That fact is hard to do, or it is ironic that it is not necessary to do so
【예】
(1) 그걸 해서 무엇하게? : What am I gonna do with it?
* 그걸 : a short form of 그것(that thing) + 을(a suffix makes 그것 objective)
* 하다 : do
* 해서 : 하다 + -어서(and then)
* 무엇 : what
* 하게 : 하다 + -게(it is not necessary to do so)
(2) 이제 떠나서 언제 닿게? : If we leave now, when will we arrive?
* 이제 : now
* 떠나다 : leave
* -서 : [=ㄴ다면] if
* 언제 : when
* 닿다 : [=도착하다] arrive
* -게 : this indicate a feeling of difficulty in reaching
(3) 어느 천 년에 다 읽게? : In which millennium are you going to read it all?
* 어느 : [=막연한 기간(a vague period of time)] which
* 천 : a thosand
* 년 : year(s)
* 에 : a time suffix means "during; for"
* 다 : all
* 읽다 : read
* -게 : this indicate a feeling of difficulty in reaching
7. -게 is an auxilliary connection suffix means "-도록"(in order to do something), this be attached to the stem of a word, and indicates that it becomes the goal (reason, criterion, condition) for the subsequent motion (state).
【예(ex)】
(1) 다 알아듣게 큰 소리로 읽어라 = 다 알아듣도록 큰 소리로 읽어라 : Read aloud so that everyone hear.
* 다 : all; everyone in this sentence
* 알아듣다 : understand; hear
* -게 = -도록 : in order to do
* 큰 : big
* 소리 : sound
* -로 : as
* 큰 소리로 : aloud
* 읽다 : read
* -어라 : an imperative verb ending suffix to the you ger or friendly
(2) 모두가 다 먹을 수 있게 많이 만들자 : 모두가 다 먹을 수 있도록 많이 만들자 : Let's make a lot for everyone to eat.
* 모두 : everyone
* 가 : a suffix makes 모두 subjective
* 다 : all
* 먹다 : eat
* -을 수 있게 : in order that everyone/one can do
* 많이 : many; much
* 만들다 : make
* -자 : let’s do
8. -게 is an auxilliary connection suffix, attached to the stem of a word, indicates the limit (degree) of the progress (state, nature) of the work. this makes an adjective an adverb.
【예(ex)】
(1) 멋지게 해냈다 : he did it nicely
* 멋진 : splendid, wonderful, excellent, marvelous; grand, elegant, magnificent
* 멋지게 : an adverb form of 멋진
* 멋지다 : a verb form of 멋진
* 하다 : do
* 했다 : done
* 해내다 : (1) [=치러 내다•완수하다] accomplish; achieve; carry through; perform; fulfil; succeed (in) (2) =이겨내다] go at; beat; lick; put down; get the better of
* 해냈다 : past tense of 해내다
(2) 훌륭하게 됐다 : very well done
* 훌륭한 : fine, handsome, superb, worthy, admirable; wonderful; brilliant
* 훌륭하게 : an adverb form of 훌륭한
* 훌륭하다 : a verb form of 훌륭하다
* 되다 : (1) become (2) be done
* 됐다 : past tense of 되다
9. 게 is a short form of 것이 <— 것(a thing; a stuff) + 이(a suffix makes a noub subjective)
【예(ex)】
(1) 차린 음식은 많은데 입에 맞는 게 없다 : I have a lot of food, but nothing suits my taste.
* 차리다 : (1) make ready; prepare for (2) equip oneself (with); dress up
* 차린 : made ready <— 차리다 + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense
* 음식 : food
* 은 : a suffix makes 음식 subjective
* 많은 : a lot
* 많다 : be a lot
* -지만 : but
* 입 : mouth
* 에 : a place suffix
* 맞다 : suit; be fit
* 입에 맞다 : suit one’s taste
* 맞는 : 맞다 + 는(a suffix makes a verb an adjective(an attributive word)
* 게 : a short form of 것(a thing; a stuff) + 이(a suffix makes 것 subjective)
* 맞는 것 : a thing suit (my taste)
* 없다 : be no; nothing is ~
10. 게 is a short form of 거기(there)
【예(ex)】
(1) 게 누구 있느냐? : Is anyone there?
* 게 = 거기: there
* 누구 : who
* 있다 : be
* -느냐? : a questioning suffix to the younger or friendly
11. 게 : this indicates "he" or "she" to the younger. this is used to belittling the other.
【예(ex)】
(1) 게는 어디 사느냐? : Where does the child live?
* 게 = 그는 or 그녀는 : he or she
* 는 : a suffix makes 그 or 그녀 subjective
* 어디 : where
* 살다 : live
* -느냐? : a questioning suffix to the younger or friendly
12. 게 : a crab like 꽃게·농게·칠게 and so on.
13. 속담/관용구(Proverb/Idiom)
1) 게 눈 감추듯 : a parable of 'hurrying to eat up food’
* 게 : a crab
* 눈 : eye
* 감추다 : hide
* -듯 : like; as; as...as; as if [though]
2) 게 새끼는 집고, 고양이 새끼는 할퀸다 : a word indicating that nature or instinct cannot be helped.
* 게 : a crab
* 새끼 : a kid
* 는 : a suffix makes 게 새끼 subjective
* 집다 : capture; pick up
* -고 : and
* 고양이 : a cat
* 새끼 : a kid
* 는 a suffix makes 고양이 새끼 subjective
* 할퀴다 : scratch; claw; maul
* 할퀸다 : present tense of 할퀴다
3) 게 잡아 물에 넣는다 : A word that refers to 'wasting for nothing' with no income.
* 게 : a crab
* 잡다 : catch; get; take; seize; hold; take hold of; grasp; grip; clutch
* -아 : a connection verb ending suffix between two verbs means "and then"
* 물 : water
* 에 : a place suffix
* 넣다 : put in
* 넣는다 : present tense of 넣다
4) 게도 우럭도 다 잃었다[놓쳤다] : It means that they have lost what they have without earning any income.
* 게 : a crab
* 도 : also; too
* 우럭 : a rockfish
* 도 : also; too
* 다 : all
* 잃다 : lose
* 잃었다 : lost
* 놓치다 : miss; lose
* 놓쳤다 : missed; lost
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