1. 기다리게 해서 미안해요. 앉으세요 : Sorry to have kept you waiting. Sit down please / Have a sit / Make yourself comfortable / Please make yourself at home
[other expressions]
- 기다리게 해서 미안하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 기다리게 해서 미안하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 기다리게 해서 미안해. (to younger people or friends)
- 기다리게 해서 미안하군! (to younger people or friends)
- 기다리게 해서 미안하구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 기다리게 해서 미안하네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 기다리게 해서 미안해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 기다리게 해서 미안하군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 기다리게 해서 미안합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 기다리게 해서 죄송해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 기다리게 해서 죄송합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 앉아. (to younger people or friends)
- 앉아라. (to younger people or friends)
- 앉을래. (to younger people or friends)
- 앉아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 앉을래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 앉으실래요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 앉으세요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 앉으셔요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 앉으십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 앉으시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 앉으시겠습니까? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
[explanations]
* 기다리다 : wait (for)
* 기다리게 : 기다리(the stem of 기다리다) + -게(a suffix means "into being or into doing")
* 하다 : do
* -게 : into being or into doing; so that; in order that
* -도록 : (1) so that; in order that; that; (so as) to; in order to (2) till; until; to the point where
* -게 하다 = -도록 하다 : this acts like the role of a causative verb in English; ex) 기다리게 하다(have kepy someone waiting). 그녀를 울게 하다)make her cry)
* 해서 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -아서/어서/여서(because of; owing to)
* 미안한 : sorry
* 미안하다 : be sorry; this has a little informal nuance
* 미안해 : 미안하(the stem of 미안하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 미안합니다 : 미안하(the stem of 미안하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 죄송한 : sorry
* 죄송하다 : be sorry; this has a formal nuance
* 죄송해요 : 죄송하(the stem of 죄송하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 죄송합니다 : 죄송하(the stem of 죄송하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -아 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatiry verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -아 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘습’ / ‘-ㅂ’
* 앉다 : sit down
* 앉아 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 앉아라 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -아라(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 앉을래 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -을(a particle makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 앉으실래요 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a particle makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 앉으시죠 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix); -죠 is a short form of -지요
* 앉으셔요 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -여요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 앉으세요 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -어요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 앉으십시오 : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)
* 앉으시겠어요? : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s possibility) + -어요?(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 앉으시겠습니까? : 앉(the stem of 앉다) + -으시(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s possibility) + -스(a particle makes a verb more honourific) + ㅂ니까?(an honourific propositive and interrogative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -아 / -을래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -아 / -을래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -으실래요 / -으시지요 / -으시죠 / -으셔요 / -으세요 / -으십시오 / -으시겠어요? / -으시겠습니까? : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
2. 고맙습니다. 무슨 일로 저를 보자고 하신 거예요? : Thank you. What did you want to see me about?
[other expressions]
- 고맙다. (to the younger or friends)
- 고맙네. (to the younger or friends)
- 고마워. (to the younger or friends)
- 고맙군. (to the younger or friends)
- 고맙구나. (to the younger or friends)
- 고맙네요. (to the younger or friends; honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙군요. (to the younger or friends; honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고마워요. (to anybody; honourific by ‘-요’)
- 고맙습니다. (formal; to anybody; more honourific by ‘-스’)
- 무슨 일로 나를 보자고 한 거니/것이니? (to the younger or friends)
- 무슨 일로 나를 보자고 한 거냐/것이냐? (to the younger or friends)
- 무슨 일로 나를 보자고 한 거야/것이야? (to the younger or friends)
- 무슨 일로 나를 보자고 한 건가/것인가? (to the younger or friends)
- 무슨 일로 나를 보자고 한 건지/것인지? (to the younger or friends)
- 무슨 일로 저를 보자고 한 건가요/것인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 무슨 일로 저를 보자고 한 건지요/것인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 무슨 일로 저를 보자고 한 거예요/것이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 무슨 일로 저를 보자고 한 겁니까/것입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
[explanations]
* 고맙다 : thanks
* 고마운 : thank
* 고마워 : 고마(the stem of 고마운) + -워(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 고맙습니다 : 고맙(the stem of 고맙다) + -스(a suffix makes a verv more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -워 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군 / -구나 : an exclamation verb ending suffix
* a verb + -요 / -워 / -군 + 요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-스’
* 무슨 : what
* 일 : (1) work; task (2) object; issue; occasion in the sentence
* -로 : [cause•reason] because of
* 나 : I; me (non-honourific to younger people or friends)
* 저 : I; me (honourific to the elderly)
* -를 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) meet in the sentence
* 보자고 : 보(the stem of 보다) + -자고(this means "in order to do")
* 하다 : (1) do (2) say; tell in the sentence
* 보자고 하다 = 보자고 말하다 : say let’s see each other
* 보자고 했다 = 보자고 말했다 : said let’s see each other
* 한 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and attributive)
* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* 이다 : be
* 거니? = 것이니?
* 거냐? = 것이냐?
* 거야? = 것이야?
* 건가? = 것인가?
* 건지? = 것인지?
* 거예요? = 것이에요?
* 겁니까? = 것입니까?
* 건가? : 거 + -ㄴ가?
* 것인가? : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ가?
* 건지? : 거 + -ㄴ지?
* 것인지? : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ지?
* 거예요? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -여요?
* 것이에요? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -어요?
* 겁니까? : 거 + -ㅂ니까?
* 것입니까? : + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?
* a verb + -니? / -냐? / -야? / -ㄴ가? / -ㄴ지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㄴ가? / -ㄴ지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -여요? / -어요? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
* a noun + -예요? / -예요 : this should be used after a noun ends in vowel
* a noun + -이에요? / -이에요 : this should be used after a noun ends in consonant
3. 코트 이리 주세요 : May I take your coat? / Would you like to take off your coat? / Here, let me take your coat?
[other expressions]
- 코트(를) 이리 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 코트(를) 이리 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 코트(를) 이리 줄래. (to younger people or friends)
- 코트(를) 이리 줘요. (honrourific by ‘요’)
- 코트(를) 이리 줄래요. (honrourific by ‘요’)
- 코트(를) 이리 주실래요. (more honrourific by ‘시’)
- 코트(를) 이리 주세요. (more honrourific by ‘시’)
- 코트(를) 이리 주셔요. (more honrourific by ‘시’)
- 코트(를) 이리 주십시오. (formal; more honrourific by ‘시’)
- 코트(를) 이리 주시겠어요. (more honrourific by ‘시’)
[explanations]
* 코트 : a coat
* -를 : a suffix makes a noun objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 이리 : here
* 주다 : to give
* 줘 : 주다 + -어
* 줘라 : 주다 + -어라
* 줄래 : 주다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래
* 주실래요 : 주다 + -시(a suffix makes a verrb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래 + -요
* 주세요 : 주다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어 + -요
* 주셔요 : 주다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여 + -요
* 주십시오 : 주다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오
* 주시겠어요 : 주다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s will) + -어 + -요
* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a requesting verb suffix
* a verb + -요 / -ㄹ래요 / -실래요 / -세요 / -셔요 / -십시오 / -시겠어요 / -ㅂ시오 : a requesting verb suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
4. (멀리서) 와 주셔서 고맙습니다 : I appreciate your coming (from afar) / Thank you for coming (from afar) / Thank you for stopping by (from afar) / Thank you coming such a distance
[other expressions]
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고맙다. (to the younger or friends)
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고맙네. (to the younger or friends)
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고마워. (to the younger or friends)
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고맙군. (to the younger or friends)
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고맙구나. (to the younger or friends)
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고맙네요. (to the younger or friends; honourific by ‘-요’)
- (멀리서) 와 줘(서) 고맙군요. (to the younger or friends; honourific by ‘-요’)
- (멀리서) 와 주셔서 고마워요. (to anybody; honourific by ‘-요’)
- (멀리서) 와 주셔서 고맙습니다. (formal; to anybody; more honourific by ‘-스’)
[explanations]
* 멀다 : [adjective] be far
* 먼 : far, distant, far away; a present form of 멀다
* 멀리 : an adverb form of 멀다
* 멀리서 : 멀리 + -서/에서(from)
* 오다 : come
* 와 : 오(the stem of 오다) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : give
* 주시다 : an honourific form of 주다 to the elderly) by ‘-시-‘
* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : to do something for someone
* 와 주다 : come here. (Someone intentionally made time to come here)
* 줘 / 줘서 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어/어서/여서(because of; owing to; for)
* 주셔서 : 주시(the stem of 주시다) + -어/어서/여서(because of; owing to; for)
* 고맙다 : thanks
* 고마운 : thank
* 고마워 : 고마(the stem of 고마운) + -워(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 고맙습니다 : 고맙(the stem of 고맙다) + -스(a suffix makes a verv more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -워 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군 / -구나 : an exclamation verb ending suffix
* a verb + -요 / -워 / -군 + 요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-스’
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