1. 인사[人事] : (1) greetings; salutation; a bow; a kowtow; a salutation; thanks; gratitude; acknowledgment; manners; etiquette; courtesy (2) human affairs; what men can do (3) personal affairs; personnel
* 인사[人士] : men of society; persons; a man of good breeding; a gentleman; [=사람들]people; men
- 거물급 인사 : an important figure / a VIP
- 반정부 인사 : an antigovernment personage
- 재야 인사 : an opposition personage
- 각계 각층의 인사 : people of all social standings.
2. See the original: https://phrase.dict.naver.com/detail.nhn?bigCategoryNo=2&middleCategoryNo=21&smallCategoryNo=145&targetLanguage=en
3. 대화(Dialogue)
<A person> 안녕하세요 : (1) hello (2) good morning (3) good afternoon (4) good evening
[other expressions]
- 안녕! (to the younger ir friendly)
- 안녕하세요. (to the friendly or the elderly)
- 안녕하시죠. (to the friendly or the elderly)
- 안녕하시지요. (to the friendly or the elderly)
- 안녕하십시까? (formal; to the friendly or the elderly)
[explanation]
* 안녕[安寧] : (1) (public) peace; tranquility; good health; well-being; welfare (2) How are you?; Good morning [day]; Good afternoon; Good evening; Good night; good-bye
* 안녕하다 : (1) be well; be all right. (2) [=평안하다] peaceful; calm; uneventful; [=건강하다] healthy; in good health; hale and hearty; be (quite) well; be doing well
* a verb + -세요 / -시죠 / -시지요 / -십니까? : an honourific questioning verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-십’
<B person> 안녕하세요. 만나서 반가워요 : Hello. Nice to meet you.
[other expressions]
- 안녕하세요. 만나서 반갑네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 안녕하세요. 만나서 반갑군요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 안녕하세요. 만나서 반갑습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 만나다 : meet
* 서 of 만나서 : a suffix, attached to the stem of a verb ends ‘-고’·‘-아’·‘-어’, makes its meaning clear
* 반가운 : glad; joyful; joyous; happy; welcome; delightful; pleasant
* 반갑다 : a verb form of 반가운
* a verb + -워요 / -네요 / -군요 / -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ ㄴ -습’
<A person> 어떻게 지내세요? : How are you doing?
[other expressions]
- 어떻게 지내요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 어떻게 지내나요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 어떻게 지내는가요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 어떻게 지내는지요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 어떻게 지냅니까? (formal)
- 어떻게 지내시는가요? (more honourific)
- 어떻게 지내시는지요? (more honourific)
- 어떻게 지내십니까? (formal; more honourific)
[explanations]
* 어떻게 : how
* 지내다 : (1) [=때를 보내다] pass; spend; pass one's time (2) [=살아 나가다] live; get on[along]; lead[live] a life (3) [=교제하다] associate ; keep company ; mix[mingle] (4) [=어떤 지위를 누리다] serve ; hold ; follow a career (5) [=치르다] hold; celebrate; observe
* a verb + -요? / -나요? / -는가요? / -는지요? / -ㅂ니까? / -시는가요? / -시는지요? / -십니까? : an honourific questioning verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-십’
<B person> 잘 지내고 있어요. 당신은요? : I'm fine. How are you?
[other expressions]
- 잘 지내요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지내나요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지냅니까? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지내세요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내시죠? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내시지요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내시는가요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내시는지요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내십니까? (formal; more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 있나요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지내고 있어요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지내고 있는가요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지내고 있는지요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 잘 지내고 있으신가요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 있으신지요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 있으십니까? (formal; more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 계세요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 계시죠? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 계시지요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 계시는가요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 계시는지요? (more honourific)
- 잘 지내고 계십니까? (formal)
-
- 당신은요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 선생님은요? (to the elderly)
- 교수님은요? (to a professor)
- a title + 은요? (to the elderly)
[explanations]
* 잘 : well
* 지내다 : (1) [=때를 보내다] pass; spend; pass one's time (2) [=살아 나가다] live; get on[along]; lead[live] a life (3) [=교제하다] associate ; keep company ; mix[mingle] (4) [=어떤 지위를 누리다] serve ; hold ; follow a career (5) [=치르다] hold; celebrate; observe
* a verb + -고 있다 : a phrase makes a verb "be + a verb + ing". that is to say, this makes a verb present progressive form
* 계시다 : a honourific word to the elderly
* -고 계시다 : an honourific word of -고 있다
* 계세요 : 계시다 + -어요
* a verb + -요? / -나요? / -는가요? / -는지요? / -ㅂ니까? / -시는가요? / -시는지요? / -십니까? : an honourific questioning verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-십’
* 당신 : you (non-honourific word to other person; this shouldn’t be used to the elderly)
* 선생님 : a teacher
* 교수님 : a professor
* -은 : a suffix makes 당신 / 선생님 / 교수님 / a title subjective
* -요 of 당신은요? / 선생님은요? / 교수님은요? / - a title + 은 요? : an honorufic word to other person
<A person> 저도 잘 지내고 있어요 : I'm fine, too.
[other expressions]
- 나도 잘 지내요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 나도 잘 지냅니다. (to the younger or friendly)
- 나도 잘 지내고 있네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 나도 잘 지내고 있습니다. (to the younger or friendly)
- 저도 잘 지냅니다. (formal)
- 저도 잘 지내고 있어요.
- 저도 잘 지내고 있습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to other person)
* 저 : I (honourific word to other person)
* 도 : also; too
* 잘 : well
* 지내다 : (1) [=때를 보내다] pass; spend; pass one's time (2) [=살아 나가다] live; get on[along]; lead[live] a life (3) [=교제하다] associate ; keep company ; mix[mingle] (4) [=어떤 지위를 누리다] serve ; hold ; follow a career (5) [=치르다] hold; celebrate; observe
* a verb + -고 있다 : a phrase makes a verb "be + a verb + ing". that is to say, this makes a verb present progressive form
* a verb + -요 / -네요 / -ㅂ니다 / -어요 / -습니다 : an honourific descritpive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-습’
<B person> 만나서 반가웠어요. 다음에 또 만나요 : It was nice meeting you. Take care.
[other expressions]
- 만나서 반가웠네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 만나서 반가웠어요.
- 만나서 반가웠습니다. (formal)
- 다음에 또 만납시다. (to the younger or friendly)
- 다음에 또 만나죠
- 다음에 또 만나시죠. (formal)
- 다음에 또 뵙죠.
- 다음에 또 뵙지요.
- 다음에 또 뵙겠습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 만나다 : meet
* 서 of 만나서 : a suffix, attached to the stem of a verb ends ‘-고’·‘-아’·‘-어’, makes its meaning clear
* 반가운 : glad; joyful; joyous; happy; welcome; delightful; pleasant
* 반갑다 : a verb form of 반가운
* 반가웠다 : past tense of 반갑다
* a verb + -어요 / -네요 / -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’
* 다음 : next time
* 에 : a time suffix
* 만나다 = 보다 : meet
* a verb + -ㅂ시다 / -죠 / -지요 / -ㅂ죠 / -ㅂ지요 / -겠습니다 : a persuasive honourific verb ending suffix means "Let’s do later" by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-습’
<A person> 네, 그럼 안녕히 가세요 : You too.
[other expressions]
- 예.
- 네.
- 그럼 안녕히 가십시오. (formal)
[explanations]
* 네 = 예 : yes
* 그럼 : then
* 안녕히 : farewell
* 가다 : go
* a verb + -세요 / -ㅂ시오 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-오’
* 안녕히 가세요 / 안녕히 가십시오 : goodbye
4. 문장(Sentences)
1) 안녕히 주무세요 : Good night.
[other expressions]
- 안녕히 주무십시오. (formal)
[explanations]
* 안녕히 : farewell
* 자다 : sleep
* 주무시다 : an honourific form of sleep to the elderly
* a verb + -세요 / -십시오 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix means "please" by ‘-요’ / ‘-십’
2) 처음 뵙겠습니다. 저는 존 스미스라고 해요 : Pleased to meet you. My name is John Smith.
[other expressions]
- 처음 뵈요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 처음 뵙네요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 처음 뵙군요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 처음 보네요 (to the younger or the same age)
- 처음 보는군요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 처음 뵙습니다. (formal)
- 처음 뵙겠습니다. (formal)
- 나는 존 스미스예요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 나는 존 스미스입니다. (to the younger or the same age)
- 나는 존 스미스예요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 나는 존 스미스입니다. (to the younger or the same age)
- 저는 존 스미스라고 하네요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 저는 존 스미스라고 해요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 저는 존 스미스라고 합니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 처음 : first
* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) meet
* 뵈다 : a short form of 보이다(to be seen)
* 뵈요 : 뵈다 + -요
* 뵙네요 : 뵈다 + -ㅂ네요
* 뵙군요 : 뵈다 + -ㅂ군요
* 뵙습니다 : 뵈다 + ㅂ습니다
* 뵙겠습니다 : 뵈다 + 겠 + 습니다
* -겠- : a suffix indicates someone’s will or possibility
* a verb + -요 / -ㅂ네요 / -ㅂ군요 / -ㅂ습니다 / -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-습’
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to other person)
* 저 : I (honourific word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 존 스미스 : John Smith
* -라고 : (saying) that it is; call-ing it (by name); "quote"
* 하다 : (1) do (2) called it by name in this sentence
* -라고 하다 : called by (a name)
* a noun + -예요 / -입니다 / -라고 하네요 / -라고 해요 / -라고 합니다 : be called by a name (with honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’)
3) 반갑습니다. 저는 존 스미스라고 해요 : Nice to meet you. My name is John Smith.
[other expressions]
- 반갑네요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 반갑군요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 반가워요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 반갑습니다. (formal)
- 나는 존 스미스예요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 나는 존 스미스입니다. (to the younger or the same age)
- 나는 존 스미스예요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 나는 존 스미스입니다. (to the younger or the same age)
- 저는 존 스미스라고 하네요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 저는 존 스미스라고 해요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 저는 존 스미스라고 합니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 반가운 : jolly, merry, happy, mirthful, cheerful, glad, pleased; gladdening
* 반갑다 : a verb form of 반가운
* a verb + -네요 / -군요 / -워요 / -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-요’ / ‘-습’
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to other person)
* 저 : I (honourific word to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 존 스미스 : John Smith
* -라고 : (saying) that it is; call-ing it (by name); "quote"
* 하다 : (1) do (2) called it by name in this sentence
* -라고 하다 : called by (a name)
* a noun + -예요 / -입니다 / -라고 하네요 / -라고 해요 / -라고 합니다 : be called by a name (with honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’)
4) 이곳은 처음이에요? : Is this your first time here?
[other expressions]
- 이곳은 처음인가요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 이곳은 처음인지요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 이곳은 처음이에요?
- 이곳은 처음입니까? (formal)
- 이곳은 처음이신가요? (more honourific)
- 이곳은 처음이신지요? (more honourific)
- 이곳은 처음이십니까? (formal; more honourific)
[explanations]
* 이곳 : here; this place
* 은 : a place suffix
* 처음 : first time
* 이다 : be
* -이에요 : this is used after a word ends a consonant
* a noun + -인가요? / -인지요? / -이에요? / -입니까? / -이신가요? / -이신지요? / -입니까? : an honourific questioning form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
5) 네, 처음이에요 : Yes, it is.
[other expressions]
- 네.
- 예.
- 처음이네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 처음이군요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 처음이에요.
- 처음입니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 네 = 예 : yes
* 처음 : first time
* 이다 : be
* -이에요 : this is used after a word ends a consonant
* a noun + -이네요 / -이군요 / -이에요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
6) 성함을 여쭤 봐도 될까요? : What's your name?
[other expressions]
- 이름을 물어 봐도 되나요? (to the younger or the same age)
- 이름을 물어 봐도 되지요? (to the younger or the same age)
- 이름을 물어 봐도 되는가요? (to the younger or the same age)
- 이름을 물어 봐도 되는지요? (to the younger or the same age)
- 이름을 물어 봐도 됩니까? (formal; to the younger or the same age)
- 성함을 여쭤 봐도 되나요? (to the younger or the same age)
- 성함을 여쭤 봐도 되는가요? (to the younger or the same age)
- 성함을 여쭤 봐도 되는지요?
- 성함을 여쭤 봐도 됩니까? (formal)
- 성함을 여쭤 봐도 되겠습니까? (formal)
- 성함을 여쭤 봐도 될까요?
[explanations]
* 이름 : someone’s name; first name + last name
* 성함 : an honourific form of 이름 to other person or the elderly
* 묻다 : (1) ask (2) bury
* -어 of 물어 : a connection suffix between two verbs
* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) try in this sentence
* 물어 보다 : try to ask (a polite form of 묻다 to other person)
* 여쭈다 : an honourific form of 묻다(ask)
* 여쭤 : 여쭈다 + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 여쭤 보다 : an honourific form of 물어 보다 to other person or the elderly
* 봐도 : 보다 + -아도
* -아도 / -어도 : [양보] but; yet; no matter ~ may
* 되다 : (1) become (2) can be; be able to do in this sentence
* 되겠습니까? : 되다 + 겠 + 습니까?
* -겠- : a suffix indicates someone’s will or possibility
* 될까요? : 되다 + ㄹ(someone’s will) + 까요?
* a verb + -나요 / -는가요? / -는지요? / -ㅂ니까? / -습니까? / -까요? : an honourific questioning verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-습’
7) 철수라고 불러 주세요 : Please call me Cheol-soo.
[other expressions]
- 철수라고 불러요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 철수라고 부르세요.
- 철수라고 부르시죠.
- 철수라고 해요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 철수라고 하세요.
- 철수라고 하십시오. (formal)
- 철수라고 불러 줘요. (to the younger or the same age)
- 철수라고 불러 주시죠.
- 철수라고 불러 주시지요.
- 철수라도 불러 주세요.
- 철수아도 불러 주십시오. (formal)
[explanations]
* 철수 : Cheol-soo. (a Korean male name)
* -라고 : (saying) that it is; call-ing it (by name); "quote"
* 부르다 : call
* 하다 : (1) do (2) called it by name in this sentence
* -라고 하다 = -라고 부르다 : called by (a name)
* ㄹ of 불러 : a letter makes a verb future tense
* 러 of 불러 : a connection auxiliary suffix, attached to a verb or the stem of a verb ends ‘ㄹ’ or a verb contains ‘-시’, represents the direct purpose of an action. this means "for the purpose of; in order to"
* 불러요 : 부르다 + -어요
* 해요 : 하다 + -어요
* 주다 : give
* a verb + -어요 / -세요 / -시죠 / -시지요 / -십시오 : an honourific persuasive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-오’ / ‘-십’
* 불러 줘요 / 불러 주세요 / 불러 주시죠 / 불러 주시지요 / -어 주십시오 : please call me a name.
8) 말씀 많이 들었어요 : I've heard so much about you.
[other expressions]
- 얘기 많이 들었네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 얘기 많이 들었어요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 얘기 많이 들었습니다. (to the same age)
- 말씀 많이 들었어요.
- 말씀 많이 들었습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 얘기 : a short form of 이야기(story; a word in this sentence)
* 말씀 : an honourific word of 말(a word) to other person
* 많이 : so much
* 듣다 : hear
* 들었다 : past tense of 듣다
* a verb + -네요 / -어요 / -습니다 : a honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’
9) 만나 뵙고 싶었어요 : I've been looking forward to meeting you.
[other expressions]
- 만나 보고 싶었네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 만나 보고 싶었어요.
- 만나 보고 싶었습니다. (formal)
- 만나 뵙고 싶었어요. (more honourific)
- 만나 뵙고 싶었습니다. (formal; more honourific)
[explanations]
* 만나다 : meet
* 보다 : see; look; watch
* 만나 보다 : meet and see
* 뵙다 : an honourific word of 보다 to the elderly
* 만나 뵙다 : an honourific word of 만나 보다 to the elderly
* 싶다 : want; hope
* 만나 보고 싶다 : looking forward to meet
* a verb + -네요 / -어요 / -습니다 : a honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’
10) 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되세요? : How do you spell your name?
[other expressions]
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 돼요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되나요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되는가요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되는지요? (to the younger or friendly)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 됩니까? (formal)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되시는가요? (more honourific)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되시는지요? (more honourific)
- 이름의 철자가 어떻게 되십니까? (formal; more honourific)
[explanations]
* 이름 : name; first name + last name
* 의 : a suffix makes 이름 possesive
* 철자 : alphabet
* 가 : a suffix makes 철자 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 어떻게 : how
* 되다 : (1) become (2) be spelled in this sentence
* 돼요? : 되다 + -어요?
* a verb + -어요? / -나요? / -는가요? / -는지요? / -ㅂ니까? / -시는가요? / -시는지요? / -십니까? : an honourific questioning verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-시’ / ‘-십’
11) 알게 돼서 기뻤습니다 = 만나서 기뻤습니다 : Happy to meet you.
[other expressions]
- 알게 돼서 기쁘네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 알게 돼서 기쁘군요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 알게 돼서 기쁩니다. (formal)
- 알게 돼서 기뻤어요.
- 알게 돼서 기뻤습니다. (formal)
- 만나서 기쁘네요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 먼나서 기쁘군요. (to the younger or friendly)
- 만나서 기쁩니다. (formal)
- 만나서 기뻤어요.
- 만나서 기뻤습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 알다 : know
* 알게 되다 : get to know
* 알게 돼서 : a short form of 알게 되어서
* 만나서 : 만나다 + (어)서
* 알게 되어서 : 알게 되다 + -(어)서
* -서 or -어서 : (and) so; and then; so... that; because (of); on account of; for; as; from
* 기쁜 : happy; pleasant
* 기쁘다 : a verb form of 기쁜
* 기뻤다 : past tense of 기쁘다
* -군요 : 군(a suffix has a exclamation nuance) + 요(an honourific suffix)
* a verb + -네요 / -어요 / -군요 / -습니다 : a honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’
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