2022-01-20

Let’s learn about "사교활동•연애"(Social activities / Dating) #5

1. 정말요? 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보네요 : Really? I guess facelift does work after all.


[other expressions]

- 정말? (to younger people or friends)

- 정말로? (to younger people or friends)

- 진짜? (to younger people or friends)

- 진짜로? (to younger people or friends)

- 정말요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 진짜요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 정말입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 진짜입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)


- 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보다. (to younger people or friends)

- 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보네. (to younger people or friends)

- 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보여. (to younger people or friends)

- 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 주름살 수술을 받은 게 효과가 있었나 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)


[explanations]

* 정말 : (1) truth; reality; a fact; (2) [=정말로•진짜로] really (3) truly; in truth; in earnest; seriously; quite; indeed; very

* 진짜 : (1) a genuine [real, sterling] article; a real thing (2) [=진짜로] really

* -로 : from; of


* an adverb + -요? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix


* 주름살 제거 수술 : facelift

* 주름 : (1) [피부(skin)] wrinkles; creases (2) [이마(forehead•brow)] furrows (3) [눈가(the eye rims)] crow's feet (4) [=구김살] rumples (5) [옷(clothes)•물건(a thing•a stuff•a material•product)] folds; a plait; a pleats; a fold

* 살 : skin

* 주름살 : wrinkles

* 제거 : removal

* 수술 : operation; surgery


* -을 : a particke makes 주름살 제거 수술 objective after a word ends in a consonant


* 받다 : (1) [물건(a stuff)] receive; accept; get; take (2) [요금(fee)] charge (3) [처벌(punishment)] receive (4) [사진(picture)·화장(cosmetic)·음식(food) etc] be taken; receive

- 그는 사진이 잘 받는다 : He is (very) photogenic

- 상을 받다 : win[receive; get] a(n) prize[award] (for)

- 그는 음료수 3개에 22달러를 받았다 : He charged us 22 dollars for three drinks

- 벌을 받다 : receive punishment


* 받은 : 받(the stem of 받다) + -은(a suffix makes a verb past tense and attributive)


* 게 : a short form of 것이

* 것 : a thing; a fact

* -이 : a particle makes 것 subjective after a word ends in a consonant


* 효과 : effect, effectiveness, (formal) efficacy

* -가 : a particle makes 효과 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 있다 : be; exist; have

* 있었다 : past tense of 있다 by ‘-었-‘


- 효과가 있다 : be effective

- 효과가 있었다 : was effective


* 있었나 : 있었(the stem of 있었다) + -나(either... or; whether... or)


* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) [=보이다(be seen•seem)] think in the sentence

* 보이다 : passive form of 보다  by ‘-이-’


* -나 보다 : seem; it seems that...; I think that...; I wonder if...; I'm afraid that


* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다; 이 and 여 contracted into 여) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 보입니다: 보이(the stem of 보이다] + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + 다 / -네 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -네 / -여 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix


2. 그 나이로 안 보여요 : You don’t look like your age


[other expressions]

- 그 나이로 안 보인다. (to younger people or friends)

- 그 나이로 안 보이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 그 나이로 안 보여. (to younger people or friends)

- 그 나이로 안 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 그 나이로 안 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 그 나이로 안 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’) 


[explanationsç

* 그 : that

* 나이 : age

* ~로 : as; like


* 안 : not


* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) [=보이다(be seen•seem)] think in the sentence

* 보이다 : passive form of 보다 by ‘-이-’


* -로 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : look like

* -로 안 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : don’t look like


* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다; 이 and 여 contracted into 여) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 보입니다: 보이(the stem of 보이다] + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + 다 / -네 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -네 / -여 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

 

3. 나이보다 어려 보여요 : You look younger than your age / You look young for your age / You’re rather baby-faced.


[other expressions]

- 나이보다 어려 보인다. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이보다 어려 보이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이보다 어려 보여. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이보다 어려 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이보다 어려 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이보다 어려 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’) 


[explanations]

* 나이 : age

* -보다 : more than


* 어린 : very young; juvenile; youthful; childish; infant; green; infantile; crude; inexperienced

* 어리다 : a verb form of 어린

* 어려 : 어리(the stem of 어리다; 이 and 여 contracted into 여) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)


* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) [=보이다(be seen•seem)] think in the sentence

* 보이다 : passive form of 보다 by ‘-이-’


* -로 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : look like

* -로 안 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : don’t look like


* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다; 이 and 여 contracted into 여) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 보입니다: 보이(the stem of 보이다] + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -네 / -여 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix


4. 나이보다 젊어 보여요 : You look younger than your age / You look young for your age


[other expressions]

- 나이보다 젊어 보인다. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이보다 젊어 보이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이보다 젊어 보여. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이보다 젊어 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이보다 젊어 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이보다 젊어 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’) 


[explanations]

* 나이 : age

* -보다 : more than


* 젊은 : [Pronunciation: 절믄] young; youthful; younger; junior

* 젊다 : [Pronunciation: 점따] a verb form of 젊은

* 젊어 : 젊(the stem of 젊다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)


* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) [=보이다(be seen•seem)] think in the sentence

* 보이다 : passive form of 보다 by ‘-이-’


* -로 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : look like

* -로 안 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : don’t look like


* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다; 이 and 여 contracted into 여) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 보입니다: 보이(the stem of 보이다] + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -네 / -여 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix


5. 나이에 비해 앳되 보이네요 / 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴이네요 : You’re rather baby-faced


[other expressions]

- 나이에 비해 앳되 보인다. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이에 비해 앳되 보이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이에 비해 앳되 보여. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이에 비해 앳되 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이에 비해 앳되 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이에 비해 앳되 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)


- 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴이다. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴이야. (to younger people or friends)

- 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴이에요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 나이에 비해 앳된 얼굴입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’) 


[explanations]

* 나이 : age

* -에 비해 : compared to


* 앳되다 : [Pronunciation: 앧뙤/앧뛔] look young; be childlike <— 애띠가 있다(be childlike)

* 앳된 : an adjective form of 액되다

* 애티 : childishness; puerility <— 애(child) + -티(feeling)

* 앳되 : a short form of 앳되어

* 앳되어 : 앳되(the stem of 앳되다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)


* 젊은 : [Pronunciation: 절믄] young; youthful; younger; junior

* 젊다 : [Pronunciation: 점따] a verb form of 젊은

* 젊어 : 젊(the stem of 젊다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)


* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) [=보이다(be seen•seem)] think in the sentence

* 보이다 : passive form of 보다 by ‘-이-’


* -로 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : look like

* -로 안 보이다 / ~으로 보이다 : don’t look like


* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다; 이 and 여 contracted into 여) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 보입니다: 보이(the stem of 보이다] + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* 얼굴 : face


* -이다 : be; exist; have

* 입니다: 이(the stem of 이다] + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -여 / -야: a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -네 / -여 / -이 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a noun + -이에요 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다


6. 고마워요. 그런 말 자주 들어요 : Thanks. I get that a lot


[other expressions]

- 고맙다. (to younger people or friends)

- 고마워. (to younger people or friends)

- 고맙네. (to younger people or friends)

- 고맙네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 고마워요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 고맙습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)


- 그런 말 자주 듣는다. (to younger people or friends)

- 그런 말 자주 듣네. (to younger people or friends)

- 그런 말 자주 들어 (to younger people or friends)

- 그런 말 자주 듣네요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 그런 말 자주 들어요. (honourific by ‘-요’) 

- 그런 말 자주 듣습니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’) 


[explanations]

* 고마운 : [형용사(an adjective)] thank

* 고맙다 : [불규칙동사(an irregular  verb)] thanks

* 고마워 : 고마운(ㄴ erased before 어) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 고맙습니다 : 고맙(the stem of 고맙다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* 그런 / 그러한 : like that; such

* 말 : a word

* -을 : a particle makes 그런 말 subjective after a word ends in a consonant


* 듣다 : [불규칙동사(an irregular verb)] listen; hear

* 듣는다 : present tense of 듣다 by ‘-는-‘

* 들어 : 듣(the stem of  듣다; 듣 before -어 changed into 들) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 듣습니다 : 듣(the stem of 듣다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -네 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

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