1. 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해요 : He looks mature for his age / He looks old for his age / He looks older than his age / He’s older than he looks
[other expressions]
<the other person is a younger people or your friend>
- 쟤 좀 성숙하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 성숙하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 성숙하네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 성숙합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 성숙해 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<the other person is a little older than you or an unfamilar peron>
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙하네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 성숙해 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<the other person is the very elderly>
* Don’t use these sentences to him or her because it is so rude
[explanations]
* 쟤 : that child; that boy; that girl; that man; that woman (this is used when the other person is younger than us)
* 좀 : a little
* 성숙한 : mature
* 성숙하다 : a verb form of 성숙한
* 성숙해 : 성숙하(the stem of 성숙하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 성숙합니다 : 성숙하(the stem of 성숙하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 그 : that
* 사람 : human being (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* 그 사람 : he; she (non-honourific word)
* -은 : a particle makes 그 사람 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 나이 : age
* -에 비해 / -에 비하여 : compared to; for
* 성숙해 : 성숙하(the stem of 성숙하다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 보다 : see; look; watch
* 보이다 : be seen; -이- makes a verb passive tense
* 보인다 : present tense of 보이다
* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffiix)
* 보입니다 : 보이(the stem of 보이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffiix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -여 + -요 : honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
2. 그 사람 나이에 비해 철이 들었네요 : He looks mature for his age / He's grown up for his age
[other expressions]
<the other person is a younger people or your friend>
- 쟤 좀 철 들었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 들었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 들었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 들었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 들었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 들었습니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 철 들어 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 들어 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 들어 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 들어 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 들어 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 들어 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같아 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같아 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같아 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같아 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같아 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같아 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같이 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같이 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같이 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같이 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같이 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 같이 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 처럼 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 처럼 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 처럼 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 처럼 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 처럼 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 철 든 거 처럼 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<the other person is a little older than you or an unfamilar peron>
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들었습니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들어 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들어 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들어 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들어 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들어 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 철 들어 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<the other person is the very elderly>
* Don’t use these sentences to him or her because it is so rude
[explanations]
* 쟤 : that child; that boy; that girl; that man; that woman (this is used when the other person is younger than us)
* 좀 : a little
* 철 : (1) [=계절] a season; the time (2) [=강철] iron; steel (3) [=분별] discretion; prudence; sense; good sense; wisdom
* -이 : a particle makes 철 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; tghis can be omiited
* 들다 : enter into ; come into a state
* 들었다 : past tense of 들다 by ‘-었-‘
* 들었습니다 : 들었(the stem of 들었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 그 : that
* 사람 : human being (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* 그 사람 : he; she (non-honourific word)
* -은 : a particle makes 그 사람 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 나이 : age
* -에 비해 / -에 비하여 : compared to; for
* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 든 : past tense of 들다 by ‘-ㄴ’
* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* 같다 : (1) be the same (2) look; seem
* -ㄴ 거 같다 / -ㄴ 것 같다 : I think that ~
* -ㄴ 거 같아 / -ㄴ 거 같이 / -ㄴ 거 처럼 / -ㄴ 것 같아 / -ㄴ 것 같이 / -ㄴ 것 처럼 : like; as
* 보다 : see; look; watch
* 보이다 : be seen; -이- makes a verb passive tense
* -ㄴ 거 같아 보이다 / -ㄴ 거 같이 보이다 / -ㄴ 거 처럼 / -ㄴ 것 같아 보이다 / -ㄴ 것 같이 보이다 / -ㄴ 것 처럼 : seem; look like
* 보인다 : present tense of 보이다
* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffiix)
* 보입니다 : 보이(the stem of 보이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffiix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -여 + -요 : honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
3. 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었어요 : He looks old for his age / He looks older than his age / He’s older than he looks / He's old compared to his age
[other expressions]
<the other person is a younger people or your friend>
- 쟤 좀 겉늙었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙었습니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙어 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙어 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙어 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙어 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙어 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙어 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같아 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같아 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같아 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같아 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같아 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같아 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같이 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같이 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같이 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같이 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같이 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 같이 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 처럼 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 처럼 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 처럼 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 처럼 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 처럼 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 쟤 좀 겉늙은 거 처럼 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<the other person is a little older than you or an unfamilar peron>
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙었습니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙어 보인다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙어 보이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙어 보여. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙어 보이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙어 보여요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 사람 나이에 비해 겉늙어 보입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<the other person is the very elderly>
* Don’t use these sentences to him or her because it is so rude
[explanations]
* 쟤 : that child; that boy; that girl; that man; that woman (this is used when the other person is younger than us)
* 좀 : a little
* 겉 : outside
* 늙다 ; [Pronunciation: 늑따] grow old
* 겉늙다 : grow old on thge outside
* 겉늙었다 : past tense of 늙다다 by ‘-었-‘
* 겉늙었습니다 : 겉늙(the stem of 겉늙었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 그 : that
* 사람 : human being (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* 그 사람 : he; she (non-honourific word)
* -은 : a particle makes 그 사람 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 나이 : age
* -에 비해 / -에 비하여 : compared to; for
* 겉늙었어 : 겉늙었(the stem of 겉늙었다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 겉늙어 : 겉늙(the stem of 겉늙다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 겉늙은 : 겉늙(the stem of 겉늙다) + -은(a suffix makes a verb present tense)
* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* 같다 : (1) be the same (2) look; seem
* -ㄴ 거 같다 / -ㄴ 것 같다 : I think that ~
* -ㄴ 거 같아 / -ㄴ 거 같이 / -ㄴ 거 처럼 / -ㄴ 것 같아 / -ㄴ 것 같이 / -ㄴ 것 처럼 : like; as
* 보다 : see; look; watch
* 보이다 : be seen; -이- makes a verb passive tense
* -ㄴ 거 같아 보이다 / -ㄴ 거 같이 보이다 / -ㄴ 거 처럼 / -ㄴ 것 같아 보이다 / -ㄴ 것 같이 보이다 / -ㄴ 것 처럼 : seem; look like
* 보인다 : present tense of 보이다
* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffiix)
* 보입니다 : 보이(the stem of 보이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffiix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -여 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -여 + -요 : honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
4. 맞아. 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠니? : Right. Who would have imagined that he’s a teenager?
[other expressions]
- 맞다. (to younger people or friends)
- 맞네. (to younger people or friends)
- 맞아. (to younger people or friends)
- 맞네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 맞아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 맞습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠니? (to younger people or friends)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠어? (to younger people or friends)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 누가 십대라고 상상이나 하겠습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
[explanations]
* 맞다 : that’s right
* 맛습니다 : 맞(the stem of 맞다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 + -요 : honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* 누 : a short form of 누구(who)
* -가 ; a particle makes 누 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 십대 : teenage; 10 (십) + 대(age)
* -라고 : quote
* 상상 : thinking; guessing
* 상상하다 / 상상을 하다 : guess; think; dream a dream
* 하다 : do
* -이나 : (1) but; (and) yet; while; though; although (2) as many [much, long, far] as; no less than; about; around (3) or; and; either...or
* -이나 : this is used instead of -을 for emphazing 상상을 하다
* 하겠다 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -겠(one’s conjecture) + -다(a basic verb ending suffix)
* 하겠습니까? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -겠(one’s conjecture) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -니? / -나? /-냐? / -는가? / -어 : a non-honourific interorgative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -는가? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + 습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interorgative verb ending suffix
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