방금 나가셨어요 : He just stepped/went out; He just left; You just missed him; He just took off
* 밖으로 나가다 : step out
* (서둘러) 떠나다 : take off
ex)
A. 앨리와 통화할 수 있을까요? : Could I speak to Ally?
B. 방금 나갔는데요. 메모를 남겨 드릴까요? : She just stepped out. Can I take a message?
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 방금 나가셨다. (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나가셨네. (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나가셨어. (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나가셨는데 (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나갔다. (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나갔네. (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나갔어. (to younger people or friends)
- 방금 나갔는데. (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 방금 나가셨네요. (honourific by '요')
- 방금 나가셨는데요. (honourific by '요')
- 방금 나가셨어요 (honourific by '요')
- 방금 나갔네요. (honourific by '요')
- 방금 나갔는데요. (honourific by '요')
- 방금 나갔어요. (honourific by '요')
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 방금 나가셨습니다. (honourific by '-시')
- 방금 나갔습니다. (honourific by '-시')
[explanations]
* 방금 = 막 : just; just[right] at the moment; just now
* 나가다 : go out; step out
* 나가시다 : an honourific word of 나가다 by '-시-'
* 나갔다 : [Pronunciation: 나갇따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense or present perfect form of 나가다 by '-았-'; 가 + -았 contracted into 갔
* 나가셨다 : [Pronunciation: 나갇셛따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense or present perfect form of 나가시다 by '-였-'; 시 + -였 contracted into 셨; 었 changed into 였 after 시 for easy pronunciation
* 나가셨는데요 : 나가셨(the stem of 나가셨다) + -는데(a declarative verb ending suffix; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a consonant) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 나가셨어요 : 나가셨(the stem of 나가셨다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 나가셨습니다 : 나가셨(the stem of 나가셨다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 슺) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 나갔는데요 : 나갔(the stem of 나갔다) + -는데(a declarative verb ending suffix; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a consonant) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 나갔어요 : 나갔(the stem of 나갔다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 나갔습니다 : 나갔(the stem of 나갔다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 슺) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -여 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -여 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +-십니다 / -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '시' / '스' / '-ㅂ'
* 밖 : [Pronunciation: 박] [=바깥쪽] the outside; [=외부] the exterior; [=옥외] the outdoors; the open (air)
* -으로/-로 : to; toword
* 밖으로 : [Pronunciation: 바끄로] to outside
* 나가다 : go out; step out
* 나가시다 : an honourific word of 나가다 by '-시-'
* 서두르다 : [=빨리 하다] hasten; hurry (up); nip; make haste; make time; step on it; get a move on; [=빨리 걷다] walk fast [quickly]
- 서둘러서 = 서둘러 : hurriedly / in haste[a hurry]
- 서두른 나머지 : in one's hurry
- 서두르고 있다 : be in haste[a hurry] / be pressed for time
- 몹시 서두르고 있다 : be in a great[big / deadly] hurry / be in a big rush
- 될 수 있는 대로 서두르다 : make the best of one's way / hurry as much as one can / make as much haste as possible
- 일을 서두르다 : speed (up) one's business / rush one's job / make haste with one's work
- 그는 몹시 서두르고 있었다 : He was in a great hurry
- 나는 서둘러 역으로 갔다 : I hurried[rushed] to the station
- 나는 서둘러 식사를 했다 : I rushed my meal
* 서두르시다 : an honourific word of 서두르다 by '-시-'
* 떠나다 : (1) [=출발하다] start (off); start out; set off[out]; leave; pull up stakes (and move); depart ; go away[off]; quit; (기차 등이) pull out; (비행기가) take off (2) [=옮겨가다] separate; part from[with]; fall apart (3) [=물러나다] resign (from) ; leave[quit] ; relinquish (4) [=벗어나다] be estranged from; cut oneself off[from] (3) [=잊다] forget.(6) [=죽다] die; pass away[on]; be gone <-- [original meaning] 원래 있던 곳에서 다른 곳으로 이동하다(move from one's original place to another)
* 앨리 : Ally
* -와 : with; this is used after a word ends in a vowel
* -과: with; this is used after a word ends in a consonant
* 통화 : [通話] conversation by telephone; a telephone call
* -를 : a particle makes 통화 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* 통화하다 = 통화를 하다 : talk by phone
* 통화하시다 : an honourific form of 통화하다 by '-시-'
* 통화할 : 통화하(the stem of 통화하다; 하 + -ㄹ contracted into 할) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 수 : a way; a method
* -가 : a particle makes 통화할 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있을까요? : [Pronunciation: 읻슬까요] 있(the stem of 있다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 메모 : memo
* -를 : a particle makes 메모 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 남다 : [Pronunciation: 남따] (1) [=여분이 있다] remain (over); be left (over); [=너무 많다] be too many[much]; be in excess[surplus] (2) [=잔존하다] remain; linger
* 남았다 : [남앋따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense of 남다 by '-았-'
* 남기다 : (1) [=뒤에 남게 하다] leave (behind); keep back[in]; [=후세에 전하다] leave; hand down (2) [=하지[쓰지] 않고 두다] leave over[undone]; [=따로 떼어 두다·돈을 저축하다] save; spare; have in store; set aside
* 남겼다 : [Pronunciation: 남겯따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense of 남기다 by '-였-'; 었 changed into 였 after 기 for easy pronunciation
* 남겨 : 남기(the stem of 남기다; 기 + -여 contracted into
해) + -여(a connective suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : give
* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (1) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (1) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* 드릴까요? : 드리(the stem of 드리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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