2019-12-11

Let’s new words like "담금질, 반추, 스승" etc

 [Sentences from the book of A Religious Story to Read by Civilization(문명으로 읽는 종교 이야기)]


유대교는 ‘과거의 역사’를 중시한다. 그들은 역사 속에서 수많은 고난과 뿔뿔이 흩어지는 이산의 아픔을 겪었다. 이러한 담금질을 통해 갈고 닦아지면서 그들은 더욱 강해졌다. 고난이 바로 은혜였다. 유대인은 과거의 역사를 반추하며 이를 현재의 스승이자 미래의 거울로 삼는다. (Jews in Judaism think that 'history of the past' is very important. They suffered numerous hardships and break-up pain in history. The grinding and wiping through these tempers made them stronger. The trouble was grace. Jews reflect on past history and use it as a mirror of the present and future.)


Let us learn words from the above :


these words are often used in Korean books and Web sites.


• 과거[過去] : (1) [=지나간 때] the past (2) [=경력] one’s past

• 역사[歷史] : history

• 중시[重視] : serious consideration

- 중시하다 : attach (great / much) importance to ; take a serious view of ; lay stress on ; think much of

• 수많은 : numerous; a lot of

• ~속에서 : in something

• 고난[苦難] distress(es); suffering(s); affliction(s); tribulation; hardship(s)

- 인생의 고난 : the trials[ills] of life

• 뿔뿔이 : scatteringly; dispersedly; [=따로따로] separately; severally; independently; singly

• 뿔뿔이 흩어지다[헤어지다] : get separated [scattered] / break up

• 이산[離散] : dispersion; separation; scattering

- 이산 가족[離散 家族] : dispersed[separated] families

- 그 가족은 이산 가족이 되었다 The family broke up

• 아픔 : pain

• 아픔을 겪다 : suffer pain

• 담금질 : (1) temper (2) go through rigorous training to prepare for something

- 쇠를 담금질하다 / 쇠붙이를 담금질하다 : temper iron

- 우리 팀은 시합을 앞두고 혹독한 담금질을 했다 

Our team went through rigorous training to prepare for the game.

• ~을 통해 / ~를 통해 : through

• 갈고 닦다 : elaborate <— 갈다(grind) + 닦다(wipe)

• ~하면서 : as[while] somebody / something do

• 더욱 : more

• (더욱) 강해지다 : become stronger

• 바로 : (1) straight; upright (2) right (3) at once, [=즉시, 곧바로] immediately, straight, instantly, right away; right now (4) ready, front! (5) It is used as a word that emphasizes the words immediately behind it. (바로 은혜였다 in the above sentences)

- 바로 서다 : stand straight

- 근대사를 바로 세우다 : set modern history right

- 우리는 그들에게 바로 전보를 쳤다 : We cabled them immediately.

- 우로 나란히! 바로! : Dress! Right Dress! Ready, Front!

• 반추[反芻] : rumination

- 반추하다 : (1) ruminate (2) chew the cud

• 현재[現在] : [=지금] now; presently; the present time

- 현재의 : present / existing / current 

- 현재까지 : up to now / up[down] to date

- 현재는 : (1) [=바로 지금] at present / now / at the present time (2) [=지금 당장] for the time being

• 스승 : a teacher; a master

• 미래[未來] : [=다가올 앞날] (the) future; time[days] to come

- 미래의 : future / coming / to come / prospective / in (the) future / in days to come / in the womb of time

• 거울 : mirror

• 거울로 삼다 : use something as a mirror; know something from it; learn something from it.


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