부탁이 있어서요 : I called to ask for a favor; There’s something I need you to do; Can you do me a favor?; I need to ask you for a favor.
ex)
A. 부탁이 있어서 전화했어 : I called to ask for a favor.
B. 그럴 줄 알았어. 넌 꼭 아쉬울 때만 전화하더라 : I knew it. You only call when you need something
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 부탁이 있어서. (to younger people or friends)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했다. (to younger people or friends)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했네. (to younger people or friends)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했어. (to younger people or friends)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했는데! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 부탁이 있어서요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 부탁이 있어서 전화했습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
- 부탁이 있어서 전화(를) 드렸습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
[explanations]
* 부탁 : a request; a favor
* -을 : a suffix makea 부탁 objective after a word ends a consonant; this omitted
* 하다 : do
* 부탁하다 = 부탁을 하다 : ask for; request; make a request; bet; ask a favor of; petition for; beg; solicit
* 부탁한다 : a present form of 부탁하다 by '-ㄴ'
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다(give)
* 부탁드리다 : an honourific form of 부탁하다
* -이 : a particle makes 부탁 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있어서요 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어서/-아서/-여서(because of; A final ending used to indicate a reason or cause: 이유나 근거를 나타내는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 하다 : do
* 했다 : past tense of 하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했
* 하시다 : an honourific form of 하다 by '-시-'
* 하셨다 : past tense of 하시다 by '-였-'; 시 + -였 contracted into 셨
* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence
* 준다 : present form of 주다 by '-ㄴ'
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다
* 드렸다 : past tense of 드리다 by '-였-'; 리 + -였 contracted into 렸
* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 / -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* 전화하다 = 전화를 하다 = 전화(를) 주다 = 전화(를) 드리다: call someone by one’s phone
* 했어요 : 했(the stem of 했다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 했는데요 : 했(the stem of 했다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 했습니다 : 했(the stem of 했다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 드렸습니다 : 드렸(the stem of 드렸다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +-습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'
* 그러하다 / 그리하다 / 그렇다 : [Pronunciation: 그럳타] be so; be such
* 그럴 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다; ㅎ of 렇 erased before ㄹ and 러 + -ㄹ contracted into 럴) + -ㄹ(a suffix maked a verb future tense and adnominal)
* 줄 : (1) [=방법] how to ; the way (2) [=셈속] (the fact) that
- 요리할 줄(을) 알다 : know how to cook
- 그는 아무 것도 할 줄(을) 모른다 : He is good for nothing
- 그런 일이 있을 줄은 꿈에도 몰랐다 : I never dreamed[Little did I dream] of such a thing. / That was the last thing I expected to happen
- 그는 내일 올 것이니 그런 줄 아시오 : He will come tomorrow, so please be prepared. / Please hear in mind that he is coming tomorrow
- 네가 이것을 쓴 줄을 그가 어찌 알겠는가 : How should he know that you wrote this?
* -을 : a particle makes 줄 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 알다 : know
* -ㄹ/-을/-를 줄(을) 알다 : know how to do
* 알았다 : past tense of 알다 by '-았-'
* 그럴 줄 알았다 = 그렇게 될 줄 알았다 : I knew it would happen
* 알았어요 : 알갔(the stem of 알았다) + -어(an declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 넌 : a short form of 너는
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 너 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel
* 꼭 : [=틀림없이] certainly; surely; undoubtedly; at any cost; on all accounts; in any case; by all means; by hook or by crook; without fail; always
* 아쉬운 : (1) [=서운한•유감인] regretful; sorry; sad : (2) [=필요한•부족한] want for; wanting
* 아쉽다 = 아쉬워하다 : [ㅂ 불규칙] (1) [=서운하다•유감이다] be sorry; be sad; be regretful (2) [=필요한 것이 없다•부족하다] be want for; be wanting
- 우리는 이별을 아쉬워했다 : We were sorry to have to say goodbye
- 일손 하나가 아쉬운 판이다 : Every bit of help counts
* 아쉬워 : 아쉽(the stem of 아쉽다; ㅂ changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
[Remarks about "ㅂ 불규칙]
In Korean language, All verbs ending in "-ㅂ다" follow the rules below as "ㅂ 불규칙 동사(ㅂ irregular verb)"(“-ㅂ다”로 끝나는 모든 동사는 “ㅂ 불규칙 동사”로서 아래의 규칙을 따른다)
ex)
- 아름답다 : be beautiful --> 아름다운(beautiful), 아름다워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 귀엽다 : be pretty --> 귀여운(pretty), 귀여워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 놀랍다 : be wonderful --> 놀라운(wonderful), 놀라워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 덥다 : be hot in weather --> 더운(hot in weather), 더워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 춥다 : be cold in weather --> 추운(hot in weather), 추워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 아깝다 : be precious --> 아까운(precious), 아까워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
[ㅂ 불규칙 (V irregular rule)]
* ㅂ is originally from ㅸ (ㆁ after ㅂ a sign that tells you to weakly pronounce 'ㅂ' and stop right away
(1) the ㅂ of 아쉽다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation
(2) 아쉬운: an adjective form of 아쉽다; this is from 아쉬 + ㅂ(V sound consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’; this changed into '우') + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb into an adjective)
(3) 아쉬워 : 아쉽(the stem of 아쉽다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 아쉬울 : 아쉽(the stem of 아쉽다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우 and 우 + -ㄹ contracted into 울) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verv adnominal)
* 때 : when; the time
* -만 : only
* 전화하더라 : 전화하(the stem of 전화하다) + -더라/-더라고(A sentence-final ending used to convey in the present a fact the speaker realized anew from the speaker's personal experience: 말하는 이가 직접 경험하여 새롭게 알게 된 사실을 지금 전달함을 나타내는 종결 어미)
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