제 말씀(을) 알아들으셨어요? : Did you get that?; Do you understand what I’m saying?; I hope you’re with me; You got me?; Did you understand that?
* 알아듣다, 이해하다 : get
* ~의 말을 이해하다 : be with
ex)
A. 내 말 알아들었어요? : Did you get that?
B. 아뇨, 아기가 목청 터지게 울고 있어서 하나도 못 들었어요 : No, the baby here is crying on top of her lungs, and I couldn’t hear a thing
* 폐 : lung
* (목청이 터지도록) 큰 목소리로 : at the top of one’s lungs
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- (내 말) 알아들었니? (to younger people or friends)
- (내 말) 알아들었나? (to younger people or friends)
- (내 말) 알아들었냐? (to younger people or friends)
- (내 말) 알아들었지? (to younger people or friends)
- (내 말) 알아들었는가? (to younger people or friends)
- (내 말) 알아들었는지? (to younger people or friends)
- (내 말) 알아들었어? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- (제 말) 알아들었나요? (honourific by '-요')
- (제 말) 알아들었지요? (honourific by '-요')
- (제 말) 알아들었죠? (-죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- (제 말) 알아들었는가요? (honourific by '-요')
- (제 말) 알아들었는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- (제 말) 알아들었어요? (honourific by '-요')
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- (제 말) 알아들었습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨나요? (honourific by ‘시’)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨지요? (honourific by ‘시’)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨죠? (-죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨는가요? (honourific by ‘시’)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨는지요? (honourific by ‘시’)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨어요? (honourific by ‘시’)
- (제 말) 알아들었셨습니까? (honourific by ‘시’)
[explanations]
* 내 : I; my (non-honourific word)
* 제 : I; my (honourific word)
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -의 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 possesive
* 나의 = 내 : my (non-honourific word)
* 저의 = 제 : my (honourific word)
* 말 : a word
* 말씀 : an honourific word of 말
* -을 : a particle makes 말 / 말씀 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted
* 알다 : know
* 알아 : 알(the stem of 알다) + -아(a connective suffix between two verbs)
* 듣다 : [Pronunciation: 듣따; ㄷ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] [ㄷ 불규칙] hear; listen
* 들었다 : past tense of 듣다 by '-었-'; ㄷ changed into ㄹ before 었
* 알아 듣다 = 알아듣다 : [=이해하다] understand; get to know
* 알아들었다 : past tense of 알아듣다 by '-었-'; ㄷ changed into ㄹ before 었
* 알아들었셨다 : an honourific word of 알아들었다 by '-셨-'
* 알아들었습니까? : 알아들었(the stem of 알아들었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 알아들었셨나요? : 알아들었셨(the stem of 알아들었셨다) + 나?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + 요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 알아들었셨지요? : 알아들었셨(the stem of 알아들었셨다) + 지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + 요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 알아들었셨어요? : 알아들었셨(the stem of 알아들었셨다) + 어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + 요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 알아들었셨습니까? : 알아들었셨(the stem of 알아들었셨다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / ?-냐? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? / -지 ? : an interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? / -지? + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
a verb + -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an interrogative verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘스-” / ‘-ㅂ’
* 아니다 : be not
* 아뇨 : a short form of 아니요
* 아니요 : 아니(the stem of 아니다) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 아기 = 애기 = 애 : baby
* -가 : a particle makes 아기 / 애기 / 애 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 목 : neck
* 청 : sound
* 목청 : [(1) =후두 중앙부의 발성 기관] the vocal c(h)ords [bands] (2) [=목소리] one's voice; one's tune (of voice)
- 목청을 울리다 : vibrate the vocal chords.
- 목청껏 : at the top of one's voice[lungs] / at the pitch of one's voice
- 목청이 좋다 : have a sweet[fine / lovely / musical] voice
- 목청이 나쁘다 : have a poor voice
- 목청을 돋우다 : raise[lift (up)] one's voice / raise one's pitch
* -을 : a particle makes 목청 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted
* 터지다 : (1) [=파열되다] burst (open); break; split; splinter; (종기 등이) burst; break; open; collapse (2) [=폭발하다] explode; burst (out); go off; break out; blow up (3) [=탄로나다] get exposed; be[come] out; be found out; be disclosed; be revealed; come[be brought] to light (4) (샘·피 등이) spout ; spurt ; gush out (5) [=얻어맞다] get a blow; be beaten; be struck on (6) [=발생하다] occur[happen] suddenly; break[burst] out; take place
- 터져 나갈 듯한 갈채 : a storm[thunder / volley] of applause / an avalanche of cheers.
- 굉장한 소리를 내고 터지다 : blow up[go off] with a terrific explosion
- 울화통이 터지다 : (사람이) fly into a passion / burst into a rage
- 화약이 터졌다 : Gunpowder exploded
- 비밀이 터졌다 : The secret was[came] out (of the bag)
- 코피가 터지다 : bleed at the nose / have a bloody nose
- 중대한 사건이 터졌다 : A serious matter popped up
- 전쟁이 터졌다 : A war broke[burst] out
* 터지게 : an adverb form of 터지다 by '-게'
* 울다 : cry
* 울고 : 울(the stem of 울다) + -고(a connective suffix bewteen two verbs)
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] be; exist; stay
* 있었다 : [Pronunciation: 읻얻따; ㅅ + ㄷ --> ㄸ] past tense of 있다 by '-었-'
* -고 있다 : be in the middle of ...ing; (1) An expression used to state that the act mentioned in the preceding statement is continued: 앞말이 나타내는 행동이 계속 진행됨을 나타내는 표현 (2) An expression used to state that the result of the act mentioned in the preceding statement is continued: 앞말이 나타내는 행동의 결과가 계속됨을 나타내는 표현)
* -고 있었다 : past tense of 고 있다 by '-었-'
* 있어서 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어서/-아서/-여서(because of)
* -어서/-아서/여서(because (of); A connective ending used to indicate a reason or cause: 이유나 근거를 나타내는 연결 어미
* 하나 : one
* -도 : even
* 하나도 : even one
* 안 : this is equal to "not" in English
* 못 : this makes "can" into "can’t" in English
* 들었다 : [Pronunciation: 들얻따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense of 듣다 by '-었-'; ㄷ changed into ㄹ before 었
* 들었어요 : 들었(the stem of 들었다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + 요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 터지도록 = 터질 때까지 : to the point of bursting <-- 터지(the stem of 터지다) + -도록(A connective ending used when the preceding statement is the purpose, result, method, amount, etc., of something mentioned in the following statement: 앞에 오는 말이 뒤에 오는 말에 대한 목적이나 결과, 방식, 정도임을 나타내는 연결 어미)
* 큰 : big
* 크다 : be big
* 크게 : an adverb form of 크다 by '-게'
* 목 : neck
* 소리 : sound
* 목소리 : a voice; a tone (of voice)
* -으로/-로 : by using something
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