1. 술집/바 - 주량 : pub/bar - one's drinking capacity
1) 술집 : (1) [=주류 판매점] a wine seller's; <美> a liquor store (2) [=유흥 주점] a drinking house; a bar; a barroom; a saloon; a tavern; a public house; a pub
2) 술 : rice wine; wine; liquor; alcoholic drinks; spirits; intoxicant
3) 집 : a house; a home
4) 바 : wine bar
5) 주량 : one's drinking capacity
(1) 주량이 세다 : drink much / be a heavy drinker
* 이 : a suffix makes 주량 subjective after a word ends a consonant
* 센 : strong
* 세다 : be strong; have a strong power
(2) 주량이 늘다[줄다] : come to drink more[less] than before[one used to]
* 이 : a suffix makes 주량 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 늘다 : increase
* 줄다 : lessen
(3) 그는 주량이 세다 : He is a heavy drinker
* 그 : he
* 는 : a suffix makes 그 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 이 : a suffix makes 주량 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 센 : strong
* 세다 : be strong; have a strong power
(4) 나는 주량이 별로 세지 않다 : I am not very much of a drinker
* 나 : I (non-honourific to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 나 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 이 : a suffix makes 주량 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 센 : strong
* 세다 : be strong; have a strong power
* 세지 않다 : 세다 + -지 않다(not)
(5) 주량이 지나치다 : You drink too much
* 이 : a suffix makes 주량 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 지나친 : too much
* 지나치다 : go too much; drink too much in this sentence
(6) 나는 요즈음 주량이 늘었다 : I drink more liquor lately
* 나 : I (non-honourific to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 나 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 요즘 / 요즈음 : these days
* 이 : a suffix makes 주량 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 늘다 : increase
* 늘었다 : past tense of 늘다
(7) 주량을 줄이는 게 좋겠다 : You'd better cut down on your drinking
* 을 : a suffix makes 주량 objective after a word ends a consonant
* 줄다 : lessen
* 줄이다 : have something lessen
* 는 of 줄이는 : a suffix makes a verb descriptive
* 게 : a short form of 것이
* 것 : a thing; a stuff; decision to lessen in this sentence
* 이 : a suffix makes 것 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 좋은 : good
* 좋다 : be good
* -게 좋다 : be good to do
* -게 좋겠다 / -것이 좋겠다 : you had better ~
2. 대화(Dialogue)
<A person> 술을 좋아해요? : Are you a heavyweight?
[other expressions]
- 술(을) 좋아해요?
- 술(을) 좋아합니까? (formal)
- 술(을) 좋아하세요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 술(을) 좋아하십니까? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
[explanations]
* 술 : rice wine; wine; liquor; alcoholic drinks; spirits; intoxicant
* 을 : a suffix makes 술 objective after a word ends a consonant
* 좋아하다 : like
* 좋아해요? : 좋아하다 + -어요?
* 좋아합니까? : 좋아하다 + -ㅂ니까?
* 좋아하세요? : 좋아하다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어요?
* 좋아하십니까? : 좋아하다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?
* a verb + -어요? / -ㅂ니까? : a questioning verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
<B person> 네. 저는 술을 좋아하는 편입니다 : I enjoy drinking.
[other expressions]
- 네.
- 예.
- 저는 술을 좋아하는 편이에요.
- 저는 술을 좋아하는 편입니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 네 / 예 : yes
* 저 : I (honourific to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 술 : rice wine; wine; liquor; alcoholic drinks; spirits; intoxicant
* 을 : a suffix makes 술 objective after a word ends a consonant
* 좋아하다 : like
* -는 of 좋아하는 : a suffix makes a verb descriptive
* 편 : a side; a part; a direction; a way; a tendency
* 이다 : be; exist; have
* a noun + -이에요 : this is usef after a word ends a consonant
* a noun + -이에요 / -입니다 : a honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
3. 문장(Sentences)
1) 어느 정도 마시세요? : How much do you drink?
[other expressions]
- 어느 정도 마셔요?
- 어느 정도 마시세요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 어느 정도 마십니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)
[explanations]
* 어느 정도 : how much
* 마시다 : drink
* 마셔요? : 마시다 + -여요?
* 마시세요? : 마시다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어요?
* 마십니까? : 마시다 + -ㅂ니까?
* a verb + -어요? / -여요? / -ㅂ니까? : a questioning verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
2) 가끔 한잔하는 정도예요 : I have a drink sometimes.
[other expressions]
- 가끔 한잔하는 정도예요.
- 가끔 한잔하는 정도입니다. (formal)
- 가끔 한잔해요.
- 가끔 한잔합니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 가끔 : sometimes
* 한 : one
* 잔 : a unit counts cups or glasses
* 하다 : do; drink in this sentence
* 한잔하다 : drink a glass
* 는 of 한잔하는 : a suffix makes a verb descriptive
* 정도 : grade; degree; measure; rate; extent; limit; standard; level; moderation
* 이다 : be; exist; have
* a noun + -예요 : this is used after a word ends a vowel
* a noun + -예요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
* 한잔해요 : 한잔하다 + -어요
* 한잔합니다 : 한잔하다 + -ㅂ니다
* a verb + -어요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
3) 저는 한 잔만 마셔도 얼굴이 빨개져요 : I get red in the face if I have even one drink.
[other expressions]
- (저는) 한 잔만 마셔도 얼굴이 빨개져요.
- (저는) 한 잔만 마셔도 얼굴이 빨개집니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (honourific to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 한 : one
* 잔 : a unit counts cups or glasses
* 만 : only; even
* 마시다 : drink
* 마셔도 : 마시다 + -어도(whatever may; even (though)
* 얼굴 : a face
* 이 : a suffix makes the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 빨간 : red
* 빨갛다 : [Pronunciation: 빨가타] be red
* 빨개지다 : get red
* 빨개져요 : 빨개지다 + -어요
* 빨개집니다 : 빨개지다 + -ㅂ니다
* a verb + -어요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
4) 저는 취하면 딴 사람이 돼요 : I am a lousy drunk.
[other expressions]
- 저는 취하면 딴 사람이 돼요.
- 저는 취하면 딴 사람이 됩니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (honourific to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 취한 : drunken
* 취하다 : (1) get drunk; become intoxicated; get tipsy (2) adopt; take; have
* -면 : if; when
* 딴 / 다른 : another; different
* 사람 : human being; a person
* 이 : a suffix makes 딴 사람 subjective after a word ends a consonant
* 되다 : become
* 돼요 : 되다 + -어요
* 됩니다 : 되다 + -ㅂ니다
* a verb + -어요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
5) 저는 술만 마시면 같은 말을 자꾸 반복해요 : I repeat myself when I get drunk.
[other expressions]
- 저는 술만 마시면 같은 말을 자꾸 반복해요.
- 저는 술만 마시면 같은 말을 자꾸 반복합니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 저 : I (honourific to other person)
* 는 : a suffix makes 저 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 술 : rice wine; wine; liquor; alcoholic drinks; spirits; intoxicant
* 만 : only; this can be replaced by ‘을’(a suffix makes 술 objective after a word ends a consonant)
* 마시다 : drink
* -면 : if
* 같은 : same
* 말 : (1) word; sentence (2) a horse
* 을 : a suffix makes 말 objective after a word ends a consonant
* 반복하다 : repeat
* 같은 말을 반복하다 : repeat myself
* 반복해요 : 반복하다 + -어요
* 반복합니다 : 반복하다 + -ㅂ니다
* a verb + -어요 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
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