2021-12-08

Let’s learn about "초대•방문"(Invitation/Visiting) #22

1. 지금 가야겠어요. 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같아요 : I should go now. Otherwise, I might miss the bus / Either I go now, miss the bus / I’d better get going if I don’t want to miss the bus / If I don’t leave now, I won’t be able to catch the bus


[other expressions]

- 지금 가야겠다. (to younger people or friends)

- 지금 가야겠네. (to younger people or friends)

- 지금 가야겠어. (to younger people or friends)

- 지금 가야겠는걸. (to younger people or friends)

- 지금 가야겠는데. (to younger people or friends)

- 지금 가야겠네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 지금 가야겠어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 지금 가야겠는걸요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 지금 가야겠는데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 지금 가야겠습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)


- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같다. (to younger people or friends)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같네. (to younger people or friends)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같아. (to younger people or friends)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같은걸. (to younger people or friends)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같은데. (to younger people or friends)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같은걸요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같은데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 안 그러면 버스를 놓칠 거 같습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)


[explanations]

* 지금 : right now


* 가다 : go


* 가야겠다 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -아야(have to do) + -겠(the speaker’s will) + -다(a non-honourific basic verb ending suffix)


* 가야겠는걸 : 가야겠(the stem of 가야겠다) + -는걸(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix expresses one’s feeling or emotion about a fact or state. It is also used to express a simple feeling of admiration in an exclamation)

* 가야겠는데 : 가야겠(the stem of 가야겠다) + -는데(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix expresses one’s feeling or emotion about a fact or state. It has an attitude or nuance that seems a little hesitant for the speaker to speak. It is also used to express a simple feeling of admiration in an exclamation)


* 가야겠는걸 : It's a word that tells the speaker that he should go confidently without feeling sorry.


* 가야겠는데 : The speaker says that he has to go as if it's hard to bring it up because he's sorry that he's going first.


* 가야겠는걸 / 가야겠는데 : 반말(non-honourific word)

* 가야겠는걸요 / 가야겠는데요 : 존칭어/높임말(honourific word)

* -요 indicates the sentence always is honourific word(존칭어 / 높임말)


* 가야겠습니다 : 가야겠(the stem of 가야겠다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* 안 :  this is exactly equal to "not" in English


* 그렇다 / 그러하다 : be such; do such

* 그러면 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다: ㅎ erased before -면) + -면(if)

* 안 그러면 = 그렇게 하지 않으면 : otherwise; if I don’t do like that

- 그렇게 : (1) [=그토록] so, that; [부정문에서(in negative sentence] not (all) that, not very (2) [=그런 식으로] so, like that, in that manner, (in) that way

- 하다 : do

- 하지 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -지(a connection suffix before a negative word)

- 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타] don’t do; this makes a verb negative sentence with "-지”

- 않으면 : 않(the stem of 않다) + -으면(if; this used after a stem of a word ends in a consonant)


* 나는 : 나(I; non-honourific word) + -는(a subject particle after word ends in a vowel); this omitted

* 저는 : 저(I; honourific word) + -는(a subject particle after word ends in a vowel); this omitted


* 버스 : bus

* -를 : a object particle after a word ends in a vowel


* 놓치다 : [Pronunciation: 노치다] miss; lose; throw away

* 놓칠 : 놓(the stem of 놓치다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive/modifier before a noun)


* 거 : a short form of 것( a thing)


* 같다 : [Pronunciation: 가타] (1) [=동일하다, 동등하다] be same; be identical (to/with); be equal (to); equivalent (to); [=공통된] be common (2) [=비슷하다, 유사하다] be similar (to); be like; be alike (3) I think in the sentence


* -ㄹ 거 같다 / -ㄹ 것 같다 : I think that I’ll ~; It seems ~ It look ~


* 같은걸 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -은걸(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix expresses one’s feeling or emotion about a fact or state. It is also used to express a simple feeling of admiration in an exclamation)

* 같은데 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -은데(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix expresses one’s feeling or emotion about a fact or state. It has an attitude or nuance that seems a little hesitant for the speaker to speak. It is also used to express a simple feeling of admiration in an exclamation)

* 같습니다 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -아 / -는걸 / -는데 / -은걸 / -은데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -어 / -아 / -는걸 / -는데 / -은걸 / -은데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix


2. 걱정 마. 내가 집에 데려다 줄게 : Don’t worry about it. I’ll take you home


[other expressions]

- 걱정(을) 마. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정(을) 마라. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정(을) 말아. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정(을) 말어. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정(을) 마요. (honourific by ‘요’)

- 걱정(을) 말아요. (honourific by ‘요’)

- 걱정(을) 마세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 걱정(을) 마셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 걱정(을) 마십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)


- 걱정하지 마. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정하지 마라. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정하지 말아. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정하지 말어. (to younger people or friends)

- 걱정하지 마요. (honourific by ‘요’)

- 걱정하지 말아요. (honourific by ‘요’)

- 걱정하지 마세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 걱정하지 마셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 걱정하지 마십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)


- 내가 집에 데려다 줄게. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 집에 데려다 줄게요. (honourific by ‘요’)

- 제가 집에 모셔다 드릴게요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 제가 집에 모셔다 드리겠습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)


[explanations]

* 걱정 : worry; concern; care; anxiety; apprehension; fear

* 걱정하다 / 걱정을 하다 : worry (about); be concerned[worried, anxious] (about); feel[be] uneasy (about)


* 걱정 마 : a short form of 걱정을 하지 마 or 걱정하지 마; that is to say, 마 is a short form of 하지 마

* 하지 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -지(a connection suffix before a negative word)


* 말다 : [irregular verb] (1) [=하지 않다] don’t do (2) [=그만두다] stop, [이야기를(a story)] break off (3) [=아니하다] is not (4) [=제외하다] exclude


* 마 : an imperative or propositive form of 말다; 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before -아 and 마 + -아 contracted into 마) + -아(a non-honourific an imperative or propositive verb ending suffix)

* 마라 : an imperative or propositive form of 말다; 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before -아 and 마 + -아라 contracted into 마라) + -아라(a non-honourific an imperative or propositive verb ending suffix)

* 마세요 : 말(the stem of 말다; -ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix) + -요( an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 마셔요 : 말(the stem of 말다; -ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix) + -요( an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 마십시오 : 말(the stem of 말다; -ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix)


* 내가 : 내(I; non-honourific word) + -가(a subject particle after word ends in a vowel)

* 제가 : 제(I; honourific word) + -가(a subject particle after word ends in a vowel)


* 집 : a house; home

* -에 : a place particle means "to; toward"


* 데리다 : [incomplete verb; this always is used as the form of "데리고 / 데리려 / 데려"] be [get] attended [accompanied] (by)

* 데려다 : 데려(the variant stem of 데리다) + -다/다가( a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : give

* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다

* -다 주다 / -다가 주다 : make an effort to do something

* -다 드리다 / -다가 드리다 : an honourific form of -다 주다 / -다가 주다

* 데려다 주다 : take someone to a place

* 모시다 : (1) attend (on); wait on; be in attendance on; serve (under); escort; accompany (2) deify; worship; enshrine; shrine; place in a shrine

* 모셔다 : 모셔(the variant stem of 모시다) + -다/다가( a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 모셔다 드리다 : an honourific form of 데려다 주다

- 집에 데려다 주세요 : Will you take me home?

- 공항까지 데려다 주세요 : Will you take me to the airport?

- 이 주소로 데려다 주세요 : Will you take me to this address?

- 메리어트 호텔에 데려다 주세요 : Will you take me to the Marriot Hotel

- 제가 버스 정류장까지 데려다 드릴게요 : I’ll take you to the bus stop

* 데리려 가다 : go to take someone

- 누가 이모를 데리려 갈래? : Who wants to pick up your aunt?

* 데려 오다 / 데려오다 : bring, (go and) get; fetch

- 다른 사람을 데려오겠습니다 : I'll go get someone else

* 데려 가다 / 데려가다 : take (over) / bring (over)

- 나는 그를 우리 집으로 데려갔다 : I took him over to my place

- 누가 우리 누나를 좀 데려가면 좋겠다 : I wish my (older) sister would find someone to marry


* 줄게 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(the speaker’s will)

* 줄게요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(the speaker’s will) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 드릴게요 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(the speaker’s will) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 드리겠습니다 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -겠(the speaker’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -ㄹ게 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix means "I will ~"

* a verb + -ㄹ게요 / -겠습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix means "I will ~"


<반말 : this used for younger people or the speaker's friend>

데리려 가다 : go and take someone over

데리려 오다 : come and bring someone over

데려가다 : take someone over

데려다 주다 : bring over


<존칭어/높임말: this used for the elderly is older than the speaker>

모시려 가다 : go and take someone over

모시려 오다 : come and bring someone over

모셔가다 : take someone over

모셔다 드리다 : bring over


3. 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같아요 : I think it’s time for us to go home


[other expressions]

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같다. (to younger people or friends)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같네. (to younger people or friends)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같아. (to younger people or friends)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같은걸. (to younger people or friends)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같은데. (to younger people or friends)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같은걸요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같은데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 집에 갈 시간이 된 거 같습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)


[explanations]

* 집 : a house; home

* -에 : a place particle means "to; toward"


* 가다 : go

* 갈 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive/modifier before a noun)


* 시간 : time

* -이 : a suffix makes a noun the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant


* 되다 : become

* 된 : 되(the stem of 되다) + -ㄴ( a suffix makes a verb past perfect tense and attributive/modifier before a noun)


* 거 : a short form of 것( a thing)


* 같다 : [Pronunciation: 가타] (1) [=동일하다, 동등하다] be same; be identical (to/with); be equal (to); equivalent (to); [=공통된] be common (2) [=비슷하다, 유사하다] be similar (to); be like; be alike (3) I think in the sentence


* -ㄹ 거 같다 / -ㄹ 것 같다 : I think that I’ll ~; It seems ~ It look ~


* 같은걸 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -은걸(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix expresses one’s feeling or emotion about a fact or state. It is also used to express a simple feeling of admiration in an exclamation)

* 같은데 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -은데(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix expresses one’s feeling or emotion about a fact or state. It has an attitude or nuance that seems a little hesitant for the speaker to speak. It is also used to express a simple feeling of admiration in an exclamation)

* 같습니다 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)


* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -아 / -는걸 / -는데 / -은걸 / -은데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -어 / -아 / -는걸 / -는데 / -은걸 / -은데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix


4. 벌써요? 좀 더 얘기를 나누죠 : Already? / (Leaving) so soon? / Why so soon? / Why are you leaving so early? Let’s talk a little longer


[other expressions]

- 벌써? (to younger people or friends)

- 벌써요? (honourific by ‘-요’)


- 벌써 가? (to younger people or friends)

- 벌써 간다고? (to younger people or friends)

- 벌써 갈려고? (to younger people or friends)

- 벌써 가시게? (to younger people or friends)

- 벌써 간다고요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 벌써 갈려고요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 벌써 가시게요? (honourific by ‘-요’)


- 좀 더 얘기하자. (to younger people or friends)

- 좀 더 얘기하시지요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 좀 더 얘기하시죠. (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)

- 좀 더 얘기합시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 좀 더 얘기하십시다. (more honourific by ‘시’)


- 좀 더 얘기를 나누자. (to younger people or friends)

- 좀 더 얘기를 나누지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 좀 더 얘기를 나누죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)

- 좀 더 얘기를 나눕시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 좀 더 얘기를 나누시겠어요? (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 좀 더 얘기를 나누시겠습니까? (more honourific by ‘시’)


[explanations]

* 벌써 : (1) already; yet; long ago; by now [this time] (2) so soon in the sentence

- 벌써 먹었어요 : I ate already

- 벌써 보았어요 : I've already seen it

- 벌써 우리가 만난 지 4년 이에요. 시간이 참 빠른 것 같아요 : It's already been 4 years since we met. How time flies

- 그들이 그녀을 벌써 만났어요? : Have they met her yet?


* 벌써요? : 벌써 + -요?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)


* 가다 : go

* 가? : 가(the stem of 가다; 가 + -아 contracted into "가”) + -아?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)


* 간다고? : 간다(present or future tense of 가다) + -고(a non-honourific interrogarive verb ending suffix, attached to the stem of a verb, expresses the meaning of asking back in a manner of appealing to the other person's will)

* 갈려고? : 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -려고(a non-honourific interrogarive verb ending suffix, attached to the stem of a verb, expresses the meaning of asking back in a manner of appealing to the other person's will)

* 가시게? : 가(the stem of 가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -게(a non-honourific interrogarive verb ending suffix ask the listener’s will)


* 간다고요? : 간다고 + -요?(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 갈려고요? : 갈려고 + -요?(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 가시게요? : 가시게 + -요?(an honourific verb ending suffix)


* 좀 : a little with please nuance

* 더 : more


* 이야기 / 얘기 : 1) [=대화] a conversation; a talk; a discourse; [=담소] a chat; [=수다] a gossip (2) [=주제] a topic (of conversation); the subject (3) [=소설] a story; a tale; an account; a legend; a statement (4) talk; [=소문] a rumor; a report; hearsal (5) [=진술/서술] a statement (6) [=협상] a negotiation; a consultation; [=협정] an agreement; understanding


- 이야기 하세요 : Tell me

- 내 도움이 필요하면 이야기 하세요 : If you need my help, please let me know

- 왜 그렇게 이야기 하세요? : Why did you say that? 

- 제 생각에는 그가 다르게 이야기 한 것 같아요 : I thought he said something else

- 다시 이야기 해 주세요 : Can you repeat that please?


* 얘기 is a short form of 이야기


* 이야기하다 / 이야기(를) 하다 / 얘기하다 / 얘기(를) 하다 : (1) say; speak; tell (2) talk each other


* 이야기(를) 나누다 / 얘기(를) 나누다 : talk each other


* 하다 : do

* 하자 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")

* 하시지요 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -시( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 하시죠 : a short form of 하시지요

* 합시다 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㅂ시다(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")

* 하십시다 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -시( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시다(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")


* 나누다 : (1) divide (2) share with (3) distribute among (3) allot; portion out (4) classify into (5) share with topoc/story/gossip


* 나누자 : 나누(the stem of 나누다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")

* 나누시지요 : 나누(the stem of 나누다) + -시( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 나누시죠 : a short form of 나누시지요

* 나눕시다 : 나누(the stem of 나누다) + -ㅂ시다(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")

* 나누십시다 : 나누(the stem of 나누다) + -시( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시다(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")

* 나누시겠어요? : 나누(the stem of 나누다) + -시( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener’s will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 나누시겠습니까? : 나누(the stem of 나누다) + -시( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener’s will) + 스( a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시까?(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")


* a verb + -자 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~")

* a verb + -시지요 / -시죠 / -ㅂ시다 / -십시다 / -시겠어요? / -시겠습니까? : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Would you please ~; Let’s ~"

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