1. [장소(place)] at; in; into; on; over
1) 판자에 다가 구멍을 뚫다 : bore a hole in a board
* 판자[板子] : a board; a plank; boarding; planking
* 에 : a place suffix like at/in/on
* 다가 : on
* 구멍 : hole
* 을 : a suffix makes 구멍 objective
* 뚫다 : [Pronunciation: 뚤따] bore; punch; make [drill] a hole; perforate; pierce [perforate] into [through]; cut [pass] through; shoot through; penetrate
2) 그것을 어디다가 둘까요 : Where shall I put it?
* 그것 : it; that
* 을 : a suffix makes 그것 objective
* 어디 : where
* 다가 : a place suffix
* 두다 : put
* 둘까요? : 두다 + ㄹ(a consonant makes a verb future tense) + 까(questioning suffix) + 요(a polite suffix)
2. [시간의 순차(sequence of time)]
* 시간[時間] : time; an hour
* 의 : a possesive suffix
* 순차[順次] : order; turn
- 순차적으로 / 순차로 : ~로[적으로] in (serial / consecutive) order / successively / in regular succession[sequence / series]
1) 꽃을 꺾어다 꽃병에 꽂다 : pluck a flower and put it in a vase
* 꽃 : flower
* 을 : a suffix makes 꽃 objective
* 꺽다 : pluck
* 어다 : after
* 꽃병 : vase
* 에 : a place suffix
* 꽂다 : put something in
3. [다른 동작으로 넘어 감(Move on to another move)] : while; as; during; over; with
* 다른 : other; another
* 동작[動作] : action; movements; motions; carriage; manners; behavior; deportment; gestures
* -(으)로 : to; into; toward
* 넘다 : (1) cross; go across [over]; go [get] beyond; clear; hurdle (2) exceed; pass; be in excess of; be over [above]; be more than
* 가다 : go
* 넘어 가다 : go over; move on to <— 넘다 + 어(a connection suffix between two verbs) + 가다
* 감 : a noun form of 가다 <— 가다 + ㅁ(a consonant makes a verb a noun)
1) 그녀는 집에 오다가 그를 만났다 : She met him on her way home
* 그녀 : she
* 는 : a suffix makes 그녀 subjective
* 집 : house; home
* 에 : a place suffix means "to" in this sentence
* 오다 : come
* 다가 : during
* 오다가 : 오다 + 가다(this means "during; Move on to another move")
* 그 : he
* 를 : a suffix makes 그 objective
* 만나다 : meet
* 만났다 : met
2) 책을 읽다 잠들었다 : I fell asleep reading
* 책[冊] : a book
* 을 : a suffix makes 책 objective
* 읽다 : read
* 다가 : during
* 읽다가 : 읽다 + 다가(this means "during; Move on to another move")
* 자다 : sleep
* 잠들다 : fall asleep
* 잠들었다 : fell asleep
4. [동작이 번갈아 일어남(The motion alternates)]
* 동작[動作] : action; movements; motions; carriage; manners; behavior; deportment; gestures
* 이 : a suffix makes 동작 subjective
* 번갈아 / 번갈아서 : [=교대로] alternately; by turns; in turn; by spells; in rotation
* 번갈아 하다 : [=교대로 하다] take by spell / take spell and spel
* 일어나다 : (1) rise (from one's bed); get up; get out of bed; leave one's bed (2) get up; stand up; pick oneself up; regain one's feet; arise; recover one's legs (3) happen; occur; break out; arise; take place
* 일어남 : a noun form of 일어나다 (ㅁ : a consonant makes a verb a noun)
1) 왔다 갔다 하다 / 왔다가 갔다가 하다 : go to and fro / walk back and forth
* 오다 : come
* 왔다 / 왔다가 : 오다 + ㅆ(this makes present tense) + 다/다가(in turns)
* 가다 : go
* 갔다 / 갔다가 : 가다 + ㅆ(this makes present tense) + 다/다가(in turns)
* 하다 : do
2) 섰다 앉았다 하다 / 섰다가 앉았다가 하다 : be now standing and now sitting
* 서다 : stand up
* 섰다 / 섰다가 : 서다 + ㅆ(this makes present tense) + 다/다가(in turns)
* 앉다 : sit down
* 앉았다 / 앉았다가 : 앉다 + 았this makes present tense) + 다/다가(in turns)
* 하다 : do
3) 울다 웃다 하다 / 울다가 웃다가 하다 : weep and laugh by turns
* 울다 : weep
* 울다 / 울다가 : 울다 + 다/다가(n turns)
* 웃다 : laugh
* 웃다 / 웃다가 : 웃다 + 다/다가(n turns)
* 하다 : do
5. [어떤 일의 근거가 됨(be the basis for something)]
* 어떤 : some
* 일 : thing; work
* 의 : a possesive suffix
* 근거[根據] : a basis; a base
* 가 : a suffix makes 근거 subjective
* 되다 : become
* 됨 : a noun form of 되다 (ㅁ : a consonant makes a verb a noun)
1) 그는 감기를 그대로 놔 두었다가 목숨을 잃었다 : He died of a neglected cold
* 그 : he
* 는 : a suffix makss 그 subjective
* 감기 : cold
* 를 : a suffix makes 감기 objective
* 그대로 : like that; as it is; as it stands; thus; intact; as; in the same way as before
* 놓다 : put; release
* 놓아 : a adverb form of 놓다
* 놔 : a short form of 놓아 and be used as an imperative form or an adverb form
* 두다 : put
* 놔 두다 : let go; [=신경쓰지 않다•관여하지 않다] stay out of; be not concerned; be not involved; be neglected
* 관여하다 : be concerned, be[get] involved
* 신경쓰다 : pay an attention; care
* 않다 : not
* 두었다 : past tense of 두다
* 두었다 / 두었다가 : 두었다 + 어다(be the basis for something; a beglected colde cause his death; this means "of" in phrase "die of")
* 목숨 : life
* 을 : a suffix makes 목숨 objective
* 잃다 : [Pronunciation: 일따] lose
* 목숨을 잃다 : die of; die from
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