예약은 안 되어 있어요 = 예약은 안 했습니다 : I don’t have a reservation: We didn’t make any reservations.
ex)
A. 예약은 안 했습니다 : I don’t have a reservation.
B. 운이 좋으시군요. 빈 방이 딱 하나 남았습니다 : Must be your lucky day. We have one vacant room available
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 예약은 안 되어 있다. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 되어 있네. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 되어 있어. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 되어 있는데. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 했다. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 했네. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 했어. (to younger people or friends)
- 예약은 안 했는데! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 예약은 안 되어 있네요. (honourific by '요')
- 예약은 안 되어 있어요. (honourific by '요')
- 예약은 안 되어 있는데요. (honourific by '요')
- 예약은 안 했네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 예약은 안 했어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 예약은 안 했는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 예약은 안 되어 있습니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')
- 예약은 안 했습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
[explanations]
* 예약[豫約] : preengagement; precontract; booking; reservation; subscription; a pledge; an advance sale; contract
* -은 : a particle makes 예약 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 안 : this is equal to "not" in English
* 되다 : (1) become (2) be done; be completed
* 되어 :되(the stem of되다) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs makes a verb progressive)
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* -아 있다 / -어 있다 / -여 있다 : to be in a situation or state
* 있습니다 : 있(the stem of 있다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 하다 : do
* 예약하다 = 예약을 하다 : make a reservation
* 예약했다 : past tense of 예약하다 by '-었-'
* 예약하시다 : an honourific form of 예약하다 by '-시-'
* 예약하셨다 : past tense of 예약하시다 by '-였-'
* 예약(을) 안 하다 = don't make a reservation
* 예약(을) 안 했다 = didn't make a reservation
* 했다 : past tense of하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했
* 했어요 : 했(the stem of 했다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 했는데요 : 했(the stem of 했다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 했습니다 : 했(the stem of 했다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -은데 : a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people
* -ㄴ데 : this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel like 아프다
* -는데 : this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel like 끼다
* -은데 : this used after the stem of a verb ends in a consonant like 좁다
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +-습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'
* 운 : [運] fortune; luck; [=운명] fate; destiny; (a) lot; [=기회] chance.
- 운 좋게 : fortunately / luckily
- 운 나쁘게 : unfortunately / unluckily
- 운이 나쁘다 : be out of luck
- 운이 좋다 : be lucky
- 운이 트이기 시작했다 Fortune is smiling on me. / Luck has turned my way. / My luck has turned
* 좋다 : [Pronunciation: 조타] good; nice; excellent
* 좋으시다 : [Pronunciation: 조으시다] an honourific form of 좋다 to other person
* 좋으시군요 : [Pronunciation: 조으시군요] 좋으시(the stem of 좋으시다) + -군!(an exclamative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 빈 : empty; vacant <-- past tense of 비다 by '-ㄴ'
* 비다 : be empty; be vacant
* 방 : [房] a room; a chamber
* -이 : a particle makes 빈 방 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 딱 : (1) [=완전히] perfectly; completely; entirely (2) [=단지•오르지] only
* 하나 : one
* -만 : only; this omitted
* 남다 : [Pronunciation: 남따][=여분이 있다] remain (over); be left (over); [=너무 많다] be too many[much]; be in excess[surplus]
* 남는다 : present form of 남다 by '-는-'
* 남았다 : [Pronunciation: 남았따] past tense of 남다 by '-았-'; Since the stem vowel of 남다 has a positive pronunciation , a suffix makes a verb past tense should be followed by a positive pronunciation like '-았-'
* 남았습니다 : 남았(the stem of 남았다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
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