빈방이 있나요? : Do you have any rooms for tonight?; Any vacancies for tonight?; Is there anything available for the night?
ex)
A. 오늘 밤 빈방이 있나요? : Do you have any rooms for tonight?
B. 저희 호텔에는 없지만 근처에 다른 호텔을 추천해 드릴게요 : Not at our hotel, but I can recommend you to another hotel nearby
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있지? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있죠? (honourific by ‘-요'; -죠 is the short form of -지요)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있으신가요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있으신지요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 오늘 밤 빈방이 있으십니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)
[explanations]
* 오늘 : today
* 밤 : night
* -에 : a place suffix; this omitted
* 빈 : empty; vacant <-- past tense of 비다 by '-ㄴ'
* 비다 : be empty; be vacant
* 방 : [房] a room; a chamber
* 빈방 : available room
* -이 : a particle makes 빈방 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있으시다 : an honourific form of 있다 by '-으시'
* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 있으신가요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -지? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -으세요? / -으십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘스-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)
* -의 : a suffix makes 우리 / 저희 possesive like our(우리의/저희의)
* 호텔 : hotel
* -에 : a place suffix
* -는 : a suffix emphasizes 호텔에
* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not ; don’t exist; there is not ; there are not
* 없지만 : 없(the stem of 없다) + -지만(but)
* 근처 : [近處] [=이웃] the neighborhood; the vicinity; [=주위] the surroundings; the environs <-- 근(near) + 처(a place)
- 근처의 :!neighboring / nearby / adjacent / close by
- 이 근처(에) : around[about] here
* -에 : a place suffix
* 다르다 : be different
* 다른 : different; 다르(the stem of 다르다; 르 + -ㄴ contracted into 른) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb adjective)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 호텔 : hotel
* -을 : a particle makes 다른 호텔 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 추천 : [推薦] recommendation
* 추천하다 : recommend; propose; say[put in] a good word for ; [=지명하다] nominate
* 추천해 : 추천하(the stem of 추천하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : do an effort
* 드리다 : an honourific word of 주다
* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (1) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (1) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* 드릴게요 : 드리(the stem of 드리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
No comments:
Post a Comment