Let’s learn about "대화 중 상황(Situation in conversation)" #4

1. 대화(Dialogue)

<A person> 듣고 있니? 이봐? : Are you listening to me? Hello?

[other expressions]

- 듣고 있니? (to the younger or your friends)

- 듣고 있나? (to the younger or your friends)

- 듣고 있어? (to the younger or your friends)

- 듣고 있어요?

- 듣고 있습니까? (formal)

- 이봐. (to the younger or your friends)

- 이것 봐. (to the younger or your friends)

- 이것 봐요.

- 이것 보세요

- 이것 보십시오.

[explanations]

* 듣다 : listen; hear

* -고 있다 : be ...ing; a word makes a verb present progressive

* a verb + -니/-나/-어(a questioning verb ending suffix to the younger or your friends)

* a verb + -요 / -습니까?(a questioning verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-습니까?)

* 이봐 : a short form of 이것 봐(Look at me; hello)

* 이것 : this thing

* 을 : a suffix makes 이것 objective after a word ends a consonant; this is omitted

* 보다 : see; look; watch

* 봐요 : 보다 + -아(an imperative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific suffix)

* 보세요 : 보다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(an imperative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific suffix)

* 보십시오 : 보다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an imperative verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

<B person> 미안, 잠시 딴 생각 하고 있었어 : Sorry, I was thinking about something else.

[other expressions]

- 미안, 잠시 딴 생각 하고 있었어. (to the younger or your friends)

- 미안, 잠시 딴 생각 하고 있었다. (to the younger or your friends)

- 미안해요. 잠시 딴 생각 하고 있었어요.

- 미안합니다. 잠시 딴 생각 하고 있었습니다. (formal)

[explanations]

* 미안(하다) : be sorry

* 미안해요 : 미안하다 + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific suffix)

* 미안합니다 : 미안하다 + -ㅂ니다(a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* 잠시 : for a while

* 딴 : another; else

* 생각 : thinking

* 을 : a suffix makes 생각 objective after a word ends a consonant; this is omitted

* 하다 : do

* 생각을 하다 = 생각하다 : think

* -고 있다 : be ...ing; a word makes a verb present progressive

* 있었다 : past tense of 있다

* 있었어 : 있었다 + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific suffix)

* 있었습니다 : 있었다+ -습니다(a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

2. 문장(Sentences)

1) 아! 그렇군요 : Oh, I see / Ah I get it

[other expresssions]

- 아! 그렇군. (to the younger or your friends)

- 아! 그렇구나. (to the younger or your friends)

- 아! 그렇군요.

- 아! 그렇습니까.

[explanations]

* 아 : Oh

* 그렇다 : be such

* a verb + -군 / -구나 : a exclamation verb ending suffix

* a verb + -요 / -습니까 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’ (-까 means a little exclamation here)

2) 알고 있어 : I know (already)

[other expressions]

- (이미) 알고 있다. (to the younger or your friends)

- (이미) 알고 있어. (to the younger or your friends)

- (이미) 알고 있어요.

- (이미) 알고 있습니다.

[explanations]

* 이미 : already

* 알다 : know

* -고 있다 : be ...ing; a word makes a verb present progressive

* 있어 : 있다 + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -요 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’

3. 알았어 : I got it / I understand perfectly

[other expressions]

- 알았어. (to the younger or your friends)

- 알겠어. (to the younger or your friends)

- 알았어요.

- 알겠어요.

- 알았습니다. (formal)

- 알겠습니다. (formal)

[explanations]

* 알다 : know; understand

* 알았다 : past tense of 알다

* 알았어 : 알았다 + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 알겠어 : 알다 + 겠(one’s conjecture) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -요 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’

4. 무슨 말인지 알겠어 : I see what you mean.

[other expressions]

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알겠어. (to the younger or your friends)

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알았다. (to the younger or your friends)

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알았어. (to the younger or your friends)

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알겠어요.

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알았어요.

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알았습니다. (formal)

- 뭔/무슨 말인지 알겠습니다. (formal)

[explanations]

* 뭔 : a short form of 무슨(what)

* 말 : a word

* -인지 : whether ... or ...

* 알다 : know; understand

* 알았다 : past tense of 알다

* 알았어 : 알았다 + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 알겠어 : 알다 + 겠(one’s conjecture) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -요 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-습’