2021-04-13

Let’s learn about "사과와 용서(apology and forgiveness)" #3

1. 쟨 입이 싼 친구야 / 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구야 : She’s a big mouth


[other expressions]

- 쟨 입이 싼 친구다. (to younger people or friends)

- 쟨 입이 싼 친구네. (to younger people or friends)

- 쟨 입이 싼 친구야. (to younger people or friends)

- 쟨 입이 싼 친구더군.

- 쟨 입이 싼 친구예요.

- 쟨 입이 싼 친구입니다. (formal)


- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구다. (to younger people or friends)

- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구네. (to younger people or friends)

- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구야. (to younger people or friends)

- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구더군.

- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구예요.

- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구입니다. (formal)


[explanations]

* 쟨 : a short form of 쟤는

* 쟤 : he or she (non-honourific word)

* 는 : a suffix makes 쟤 subjective after a word ends a vowel

* 입 : a mouth

* 이 : a suffix makes 입 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant

* 싼 : (1) [=비싸지 않은] cheap; (2) [=가벼운] light in the sentence; careless; airy

* 싸다 : a verb form of 싼

* 가벼운 : (1) light; not heavy (2) careless; airy

* 무거운 : (1) heavy; not light (2) grave; careful

- 쟨 입이 무거운 친구다 : She’s not a big mouth

* 친구 : friend; a person in the sentence

* 이다 : be

* a noun + -다 / -네 / -야 / -더군 : a descriptive form of 이다

* a noun + -예요 / 입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’


2. 제 잘못이에요 : This is my fault / It’s my mistake


[other expressions]

- 내 잘못이다. (to younger people or friends)

- 내 잘못이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 내 잘못이야. (to younger people or friends)

- 제 잘못이에요.

- 제 잘못입니다. (formal)


[explanations]

* 내 : a short form of 나의(my; a non-honourific word)

* 제 : a short form of 저의(my; an honourific word)

* 잘못 : fault; mistake

* 이다 : be

* a noun + -다 / -네 / -야 / -더군 : a descriptive form of 이다

* a noun + -예요 / 입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’


3. 제가 말실수를 했네요 : I shouldn’t have said that / I should have a bit my tongue / I can’t believe I said that


[other expressions]

- 내가 말실수를 했다. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 말실수를 했네. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 말실수를 했어 (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 말실수를 했군. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 말실수를 했구나. (to younger people or friends)

- 제가 말실수를 했네요.

- 제가 말실수를 했어요.

- 제가 말실수를 했군요.

- 제가 말실수를 했습니다. (formal)


[explanations]

* 내 : I (non-honourific word)

* 제 : I (honourific word)

* 가 : a suffix makes 내 / 제 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel

* 말 : a word

* 실수 : mistake; fault; error

* 말실수 : [Pronunciation: 말실쑤] a tongueslip; a slip of the tongue; an impropriety in speech; a verbal lapse

* 를 : a suffix makes 말실수 objective after a word ends a vowel

* 하다 : do

* 말실수를 하다 / 말실수하다 : make a tongueslip; one's tongue slips; commit an impropriety in speech; use improper language [words]

* 했다 : past tense of 하다

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -군 / -구나 : an exclamative verb ending suffix

* a verb + -요 / -ㅂ니다 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’


4. 제가 책임질게요 : I’m the one to blame / I take full responsibility / I blame no one but myself


[other expressions]

- 내가 책임진다. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 책임지네. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 책임져. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 책임질게. (to younger people or friends)

- 내가 책임질거야. (to younger people or friends)

- 제가 책임질게요.

- 제가 책임집니다. (formal)

- 제가 책임지겠습니다.


[explanations]

* 내 : I (non-honourific word)

* 제 : I (honourific word)

* 가 : a suffix makes 내 / 제 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel

* 책임 : responsibility

* 을 : a suffix makes 책임 objective after a word ends a consonant; this omitted

* 지다 : bear; carry on the back; owe; be indebted (to); be under an obligation (to); incur; take upon [on] oneself; bear; shoulder; assume (a responsibility)

* 책임을 지다 / 책임지다 : assume a responsibility

* 책임진다 : 책임지다 + -ㄴ다(a suffix makes a verb present tense)

* 책임져 : 책임지다 + -여

* 책임질게 : 책임지다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will)

* 책임질거야 : 책임지다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -거(one’s will) + -야

* 책임집니다 : 책임지다 + -ㅂ니다

* 책임지겠습니다 : 책임지다 + -겠(one’s will) + -습니다

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -여 / -야 : a descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -요 / -ㅂ니다 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’


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