1. 쟨 입이 싼 친구야 / 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구야 : She’s a big mouth
[other expressions]
- 쟨 입이 싼 친구다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟨 입이 싼 친구네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟨 입이 싼 친구야. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟨 입이 싼 친구더군.
- 쟨 입이 싼 친구예요.
- 쟨 입이 싼 친구입니다. (formal)
- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구야. (to younger people or friends)
- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구더군.
- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구예요.
- 쟨 입이 가벼운 친구입니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 쟨 : a short form of 쟤는
* 쟤 : he or she (non-honourific word)
* 는 : a suffix makes 쟤 subjective after a word ends a vowel
* 입 : a mouth
* 이 : a suffix makes 입 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant
* 싼 : (1) [=비싸지 않은] cheap; (2) [=가벼운] light in the sentence; careless; airy
* 싸다 : a verb form of 싼
* 가벼운 : (1) light; not heavy (2) careless; airy
* 무거운 : (1) heavy; not light (2) grave; careful
- 쟨 입이 무거운 친구다 : She’s not a big mouth
* 친구 : friend; a person in the sentence
* 이다 : be
* a noun + -다 / -네 / -야 / -더군 : a descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -예요 / 입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
2. 제 잘못이에요 : This is my fault / It’s my mistake
[other expressions]
- 내 잘못이다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내 잘못이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내 잘못이야. (to younger people or friends)
- 제 잘못이에요.
- 제 잘못입니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 내 : a short form of 나의(my; a non-honourific word)
* 제 : a short form of 저의(my; an honourific word)
* 잘못 : fault; mistake
* 이다 : be
* a noun + -다 / -네 / -야 / -더군 : a descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -예요 / 입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
3. 제가 말실수를 했네요 : I shouldn’t have said that / I should have a bit my tongue / I can’t believe I said that
[other expressions]
- 내가 말실수를 했다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 말실수를 했네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 말실수를 했어 (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 말실수를 했군. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 말실수를 했구나. (to younger people or friends)
- 제가 말실수를 했네요.
- 제가 말실수를 했어요.
- 제가 말실수를 했군요.
- 제가 말실수를 했습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 내 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 : I (honourific word)
* 가 : a suffix makes 내 / 제 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel
* 말 : a word
* 실수 : mistake; fault; error
* 말실수 : [Pronunciation: 말실쑤] a tongueslip; a slip of the tongue; an impropriety in speech; a verbal lapse
* 를 : a suffix makes 말실수 objective after a word ends a vowel
* 하다 : do
* 말실수를 하다 / 말실수하다 : make a tongueslip; one's tongue slips; commit an impropriety in speech; use improper language [words]
* 했다 : past tense of 하다
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군 / -구나 : an exclamative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -요 / -ㅂ니다 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
4. 제가 책임질게요 : I’m the one to blame / I take full responsibility / I blame no one but myself
[other expressions]
- 내가 책임진다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 책임지네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 책임져. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 책임질게. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 책임질거야. (to younger people or friends)
- 제가 책임질게요.
- 제가 책임집니다. (formal)
- 제가 책임지겠습니다.
[explanations]
* 내 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 : I (honourific word)
* 가 : a suffix makes 내 / 제 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel
* 책임 : responsibility
* 을 : a suffix makes 책임 objective after a word ends a consonant; this omitted
* 지다 : bear; carry on the back; owe; be indebted (to); be under an obligation (to); incur; take upon [on] oneself; bear; shoulder; assume (a responsibility)
* 책임을 지다 / 책임지다 : assume a responsibility
* 책임진다 : 책임지다 + -ㄴ다(a suffix makes a verb present tense)
* 책임져 : 책임지다 + -여
* 책임질게 : 책임지다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will)
* 책임질거야 : 책임지다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -거(one’s will) + -야
* 책임집니다 : 책임지다 + -ㅂ니다
* 책임지겠습니다 : 책임지다 + -겠(one’s will) + -습니다
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -여 / -야 : a descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -요 / -ㅂ니다 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
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