통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵네요 = 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘드네요 : It’s so hard to get a hold of you; It’s very difficult to reach you by phone; It’s really hard to get in touch with you on the phone; You’re too difficult to get through to!
* ~에게 연락을 취하다 : get a hold of
* (전화가) 연결되다 : get through
ex)
A. 드디어! 당신과 통화하기 정말 힘드네요! : Gosh, finally! You’re too difficult to get through to!
B. 정말 바빴어요. 종일 사무실을 들락날락거렸죠 : I’ve been very busy. I was in and out of the office all day
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵다. (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵네. (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어려워. (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵군! (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘들다. (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘드네. (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘들어. (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘들군! (to younger people or friends)
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘들구나! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵네요. (honourific by '요')
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵군요! (honourific by '요')
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어려워요. (honourific by '요')
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘드네요. (honourific by '요')
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘들군요! (honourific by '요')
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘들어요. (honourific by '요')
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 힘듭니다. (honourific by '-ㅂ')
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 통화 한번 하기 정말 어렵습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
[explanations]
* 통화[通貨] : currency; the medium of circulation; current coins
* 통화[通話] : conversation by telephone; a telephone call
* -를 : a particle makes 통화 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* 통화하다 = 통화를 하다 : talk by phone
* 통화했다 : past tense of 통화하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했
* 한 : one
* -번 : [-番] [suffix] (1) A bound noun used to indicate the sequence of a task(일의 차례를 나타내는 말) (2) A bound noun indicating the number assigned to a person or thing(어떠한 사람이나 사물에 매겨진 번호를 나타내는 말) (3) A bound noun that serves as a unit for counting the frequency of a task(일의 횟수를 세는 단위)
- 지난번 : the last time
- 이번 = 금번 : this time
- 한 번 : one time
* 하다 : do
* 하기 : a noun form of 하다 by '-기'
* -가 : a particle makes 통화 (한 번) 하기 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* 정말 : really
* 어려운 : difficult
* 어렵다 : be difficut
[Remarks about "ㅂ 불규칙]
In Korean language, All verbs ending in "-ㅂ다" follow the rules below as "ㅂ 불규칙 동사(ㅂ irregular verb)"(“-ㅂ다”로 끝나는 모든 동사는 “ㅂ 불규칙 동사”로서 아래의 규칙을 따른다)
ex)
- 아름답다 : be beautiful --> 아름다운(beautiful), 아름다워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 귀엽다 : be pretty --> 귀여운(pretty), 귀여워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 놀랍다 : be wonderful --> 놀라운(wonderful), 놀라워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 덥다 : be hot in weather --> 더운(hot in weather), 더워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 춥다 : be cold in weather --> 추운(hot in weather), 추워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 아깝다 : be precious --> 아까운(precious), 아까워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
[ㅂ 불규칙 (V irregular rule)]
* ㅂ is originally from ㅸ (ㆁ after ㅂ a sign that tells you to weakly pronounce 'ㅂ' and stop right away. (See: https://namu.wiki/w/%ED%9B%88%EB%AF%BC%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%98%20%EC%88%9C%EA%B2%BD%EC%9D%8C)
(1) the ㅂ of 어렵다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation
- See : https://m.blog.naver.com/nurisejong/221050681781
(2) 어려운: an adjective form of 어렵다; this is from 어려 + ㅂ(V sound consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’; this changed into '우') + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb into an adjective)
(3) 어려워 : 어렵(the stem of 어렵다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 어렵습니다 : 어렵(the stem of 어렵다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 힘든 : hard
* 힘들다 : be hard
* 힘드네 : 힘들(the stem of 힘들다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -네(a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 힘드네요 : 힘들(the stem of 힘들다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -네(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 힘듭니다 : 힘들(the stem of 힘들다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ; 드 + -ㅂ contracted into 듭) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -구나! / -군! : a non-honourific exclamative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix by '-요'
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'
* -에게 / -한테 : to
* -께 : an honourific word of -에게 / -한테
* 연락 : [Pronunciation: 열락] (1) [=기쁨•희열] merrymaking, (2) [=관계] connection; connexion; [=연계{ liaison, communication; [=접촉] contact; touch
* -을 : a particle makes 연락 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 취하다 : (1) [=취사선택하다] take; have (2) be elated; be exalted; be intoxicated; get fascinated (3) get drunk; become intoxicated; get tipsy; be in one's cups; have a jag on (4) [=(방법 등을) 쓰거나 강구하다] adopt; take; assume
- 어제 밤에는 서울 야경에 취했었다 : I was elated on the night view of Seoul last night
- 수단을 취하다 : take[resort to] a measure
- 강경한 태도를 취하다 : assume[take] a firm attitude
- 방침을 취하다 : take[adopt] a course
- 최후의 수단을 취하다 : resort to the last measure
- 극단적인 수단을 취하다 : resort to an extreme measure.
* 취했다 : past tense of 취하다 by '-었-'
* 취하셨다 : an honourific form of 취했다 by '-시'; past tense of 취하다 by '-였-'
* 연락하다 : [Pronunciation: 열락하다] (1) communicate (2) [=도착하다•도달하다] get to
* -이 : a particle makes 연락 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 되다 : (1) become (2) can; be able to do
* 되다 : become; See https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ko/dictionary/korean-english/이-되다_2
* 되다 is a suffix and has the following meanings
1) <동사적 명사에 붙어(attached to a verbial noun)> be; become; get to be
- 걱정되다 : be worried[anxious] about
- 시작되다 : begin / have a beginning
- [병세(illness)] 악화되다 : take a serious turn / change[take a turn] for the worse
- 완쾌되다 : be completely cured / recover completely
- 해결되다 : get solved[resolved]
- 공인되다 : gain official approval
- 해고되다 : be[get] dismissed[discharged]
- 확대되다 : be magnified[scaled up] / spread[expand / grow]
- 자리가 준비되었다 : A table was ready
3) <형용사적 명사나 부사적 어근에 붙어(attached to adjective nouns or adverbial stems)> be
- 막 되다 : be ill-mannered[-bred] / be wild
- 못 되다: [사람·행동(humn being•behavior)] be bad-natured / be evil[wicked / bad]
- 속되다 : be vulgar[common]
- 참되다 : be true
- 헛되다 : be false / be in vain / be futile
- 망령되다 : be foolish[unreasonable / silly] / [늙은이(the elerly)] be senile[doting] / be in one's dotage[second childhood]
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -가 : a particle makes 전화 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 연락 되다 = 연락되다 : get in touch with
* 드디어 : (1) at last; finally; eventually; at length; after all; in the end; in the long run; ultimately (2) Gosh
- 그는 드디어 성공했다 : At last he got a success
- 그는 열심히 공부하더니 드디어 합격했다 : He had been studying hard and finally passed the examination
- 경기가 드디어 좋아지기 시작한다 : Business is at last beginning to pick up
* 정말 : really
* 바쁜 : busy
* 바쁘다 : be busy
* 바빴다 : past tense of 바쁘다 by '-았-'; 쁘 + -았 contractee into 빴
* 바빴어요 : 바빴(the stem of 바빴다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 종일 : [終日] all day (long); the whole day (over); for a whole day; throughout[all through] the day; from morning till[to] night
- 종일 독서를 하다 : read books all day
- 그는 종일 잠을 자고 보냈다 : He spent the whole day in bed
- 종일 기다려도 아무 일도 일어나지 않았다 : We waited all day (long), but nothing happened
- 그는 종일 그 방에 있었다 :He stayed in the room from morning till night[throughout the day]
- 하루 종일 서 있어서 피로했다 : I was exhausted, having been on my feet all day
* 사무실 : [事務室] office <-- 사무(事務] [=주로 책상에서 처리하는 일] clerical work; desk work[job]; office work[jobs / labor]; [=실무] business; [=업무] affairs) + 실(room)
* -을 : a particle makes 사무실 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 들락날락하다 : [Pronunciation: 들랑날락] go in and out frequently; make frequent entrance and exit[egress and ingress]; frequent
- 아이들은 노상 들락날락한다 : Children are always popping in and out
- 저 집엔 무시로 많은 사람들이 들락날락한다 : The house is frequented by many visitors
* 들락날락거리다 = 들락거리다 = 들랑거리다 = 들락대다 : come and go incessantly/frequently
* 들락날락거렸다 : past tense of 들락날락거리다 by '-였-'; 리 + -였 contracted into 렸
* 들락날락거렸죠 : a short form of 들락날락거렸지요
* 들락날락거렸지요 : 들락날락거렸(the stem of 들락날락거렸다) + -지(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
No comments:
Post a Comment