너무 늦었죠? : Is this too late?
ex)
A. 너무 늦었죠? : Is this too late?
B. 전혀 아니에요. 전 원래 늦게 자거든요 : No, not at all. I don’t go to sleep until very late
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 내가 너무 늦었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 너무 늦었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 너무 늦었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 너무 늦었는데! (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 너무 늦었지? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 제가 너무 늦었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 제가 너무 늦었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 제가 너무 늦었는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 제가 너무 늦었지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 제가 너무 늦었죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; 지 + -요? contractee into 죠?)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 제가 너무 늦었습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
[explanations]
* 내 / 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 / 저: I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 나 / 제 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 너무 : too much
* 늦은 : [Pronunciation: 느즌] late
* 늦다 : [Pronunciation: 늗따] be late
* 늦게 : [Pronunciation: 늗께] an adverb form of 늦다 by '-게'
* 늦었다 : [Pronunciation: 느젇따] past tense of 늦다 by '-었-'
* 늦었어요 : 늦었(the stem of 늦었다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 늦었는데요 : 늦었(the stem of 늦었다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 늦었습니다 : 늦었(the stem of 늦었다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 늦었지요 : 늦었(the stem of 늦었다) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 : a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 / -지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +-습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'
* 전혀 : (1) [=아주] quite; entirely; utterly; completely; wholly; totally; altogether (2) [부정문에서] not at all; not in the least
- 전혀 말도 안 되는 소리다 : It is too absurd for words. / It is entirely[utterly] out of the question
- 사건과는 전혀 관계가 없다 : I have absolutely nothing to do with the affair
- 그 일에 대해서는 전혀 모릅니다 : I know nothing about it. / I don't know anything at all about it
- 그런 일은 전혀 생각해 본 일도 없다 : That was the furthest thing from my mind
- 그의 말은 전혀 알 수가 없었다 : I didn't understand even a word what he said
* 아니다 : be not; no <--> 이다(be)
- 아니다. (to younger people or friends)
- 아니네. (to younger people or friends)
- 아니야. (to younger people or friends)
- 아닌데. (to younger people or friends)
- 아니네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 아니예요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 아닌데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 아니오. (honourific by ‘-오’)
- 아뇨. (honourific by ‘-요’; a short form of "아니오")
- 아닙니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 난 : a short form of 나는
* 전 : a short form of 저는
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to the younger people or friend; this used before subjective particle '-는')
* 저 : I (honourific word to the elder people or the elderly; this used before subjective particle '-는')
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel
* 원래 : [元來·原來] [=본디] originally; by origin; [=본질적으로] essentially; [=선천적으로] by nature; naturally; [=처음부터] from the first[beginning / outset / start]
- [본디] 원래의 목적을 이루다 : achieve[attain / accomplish] one's (original) purpose[object]
- [선천적으로] 사람은 원래 이기적인 동물이다 : Man is selfish by nature
- [본디] 차(茶)는 원래 중국에서 왔다 : Tea originally came from China
- [본질적으로] 아름다움이란 원래 주관적인 것이다 : "Beauty" is essentially[in itself] subjective
- [처음부터] 대개의 어린이들은 원래 곤충을 좋아한다 : Most children are by nature lovers of insects
* 늦은 : [Pronunciation: 느즌] late
* 늦다 : [Pronunciation: 늗따] be late
* 늦게 : [Pronunciation: 늗께] an adverb form of 늦다 by '-게'
* 자다 : sleep
* 잔다 : present tense of 자다 by '-ㄴ'; present tense indicates "one's habit"
* 자거든요 : 자(the stem of 자다) + -거든(An expression used to indicate the speaker's reasoning or the basis for the preceding content: 앞의 내용에 대해 말하는 사람이 생각한 이유나 원인, 근거를 나타내는 표현) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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