누구세요? = 전화 거신 분은 누구시죠? = 누구신지 여쭤 봐도 될까요? : Who’s calling, please?; Who is this?; Whom may/should/shall I say is calling?; May I ask who’s calling?; Who am I speaking to?
ex)
A. 영업부입니다. 무엇을 도와 드릴까요? : Sales Department. Can I help you?
B. 안녕하세요. 박 대리님과 통화할 수 있을까요? : Yes, could I speak to Mr. Park, please?
A. 누구신지 여쭤 봐도 될까요? : May I ask who’s calling?
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 누고? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구니? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구야? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구지? (to younger people or friends)
- 누군데? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구신가? (to younger people or friends)
- 누구신지? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 누구요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 누구지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 누구죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- 누군데요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 누구입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 누구세요? (more honourific by '시')
- 누구셔요? (more honourific by '시')
- 누구시지요? (more honourific by '시')
- 누구시죠? (more honourific by '시'; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- 누구신가요? (more honourific by '시')
- 누구신지요? (more honourific by '시')
- 누구신죠? (more honourific by '시'; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)
- 누구십니까? (more honourific by '시')
[explanations]
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 하다 : do
* 하시다 : an honourific word of 하다 by '-시-'
* 주다 : give
* 주시다 : an honourific word of 주다 by '-시-'
* 걸다 : make a phone call
* 거시다 : an honourific word of 걸다 by '-시-'; ㄹ erased before 시
* 전화하다 = 전화(를) 하다 = 전화(를) 주다 = 전화를 드리다 = 전화를 걸다 : call someone by one’s phone
* 한 : 하(the stem of 하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into 한) + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 준 : 주(the stem of 주다; 주 + -ㄴ contracted into 준) + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 건 : 걸(the stem of 걸다; 걸 + -ㄴ contracted into 준 after ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 하신 : 하시(the stem of 하시다; 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 주신 : 주시(the stem of 주시다; 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 거신 : 거시(the stem of 거시다; 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 사람 : human being (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* -은 : a particle makes 사람 / 분 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 누구 : who; whom
* 이다 : be
* The lefts are made from the rights by erasing "-이-"
<반말(talking down to)>
* 누구니? <-- 누구이니?
* 누구냐? <-- 누구이냐?
* 누구야? <-- 누구이야?
* 누구지? <-- 누구이지?
* 누구신가? <-- 누구이신가?
* 누구신지? <-- 누구이신지?
* 누군데? <-- 누구인데?
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
* 누구지요? <-- 누구이지요?
* 누군데요? <-- 누구인데요?
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
* 누구세요? <-- 누구이세요?
* 누구셔요? <-- 누구이세요?
* 누구시지요? <-- 누구이시지요?
* 누구신가요? <-- 누구이신가요?
* 누구신지요? <-- 누구이신지요?
* 누구십니까? <-- 누구이십니까?
* a noun + -니? / -냐? / -야? / -ㄴ데? / -지? / -신가? / -신지? : a non-honourific interrogative form of 이다
* a noun + -ㄴ데? / -지? / -신가? / -신지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + -입니까? / -세요? / -셔요? / -십니까? : an honourific interrgative form of 이다 by ‘-ㅂ’ / '-요' / '시'
* 영업 : [營業] business; trade; [=영업 활동] business activities; [=업무의 운영] operation(s)
* 영업부 : Sales Department
* 이다 : be
* 입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㅂ contracted into 입) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 무엇 : what
* -을 : a particle makes 무엇 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 돕다 / 도우다 : help
* 도와 : 도우(the stem of 도우다) + -아(a connecion suffix betweeb two verbs)
* 주다 : give
* 도와주다 : help with effort
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다
* 드릴까요? : 드리(the stem of 드리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 안녕 : [安寧] (1) (public) peace; tranquility; good health; well-being; welfare (2) How are you?; Good morning [day]; Good afternoon; Good evening; Good night; good-bye
* 안녕하다 : (1) be well; be all right. (2) [=평안하다] peaceful; calm; uneventful; [=건강하다] healthy; in good health; hale and hearty; be (quite) well; be doing well
* 안녕하세요? : 안녕하(the stem of 안녕하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -어 contracted into 세) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 박 대리님 : Mr. Park <-- 박(Last name) + 대리(deputy manager) + 님(an honourific suffix attached to a person's name)
* -와 : with; this is used after a word ends in a vowel
* -과: with; this is used after a word ends in a consonant
* 통화할 : 통화하(the stem of 통화하다; 하 + -ㄹ contracted into 할) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 수 : a way; a method
* -가 : a particle makes 통화할 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있을까요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 누구신지 : 누구(who) + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + 시(a suffix makes a noun more honourific) + -ㄴ지(A connective ending used to indicate an ambiguous reason or judgment about the following statement: 뒤에 오는 말의 내용에 대한 막연한 이유나 판단을 나타내는 연결 어미)
* 여쭈다 : (1) [=아뢰다] tell ; inform; say; mention; state (2) [=문의하다] ask ; inquire
- 인사를 여쭈다 : greet
- 좀 여쭙겠는데요 : Excuse me, but ‥
- 또 한 가지 여쭈어 볼 일이 있습니다 : I have one more question to ask you
* 여쭙다 : an honourific word of 여쭈다
* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) try to do
* -아/-어/-여 보다 : try to do
* 여쭤 보다 : try on; try to ask
* 봐도 : 보(the stem of 보다; 보 + -아 contracted into 봐) + -아도/-어도/-여도(A connective ending used when assuming or recognizing the truth of the preceding statement, although it is not related to or does not influence the following statement: 앞에 오는 말을 가정하거나 인정하지만 뒤에 오는 말에는 관계가 없거나 영향을 끼치지 않음을 나타내는 연결 어미)
* 되다 : (1) become (2) Could ~; Can ~
* -아도/-어도/-여도 되다 : An expression used to indicate that a certain act is allowed or accepted(어떤 행동에 대한 허락이나 허용을 나타낼 때 쓰는 표현)
* 될까요? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -ㄹ contracted into 될) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
No comments:
Post a Comment