존(을) 바꿔 주시겠어요? : Could I speak to John, please?
여기 존(이란 이름을 가진 분)이 세 분 계십니다 : There are three Johns here; We have three Johns; There are three people with that name ;We have three people by the name of John
ex)
A. 존 바꿔 주시겠어요? : Could I speak to John, please?
B. 사실 존이란 이름을 가진 분이 세 분인데요. 그분 성을 아시나요? : Actually, we have three people by the name of John. Do you know his last name?
* 성 : last name, family name, surname
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 존(을) 바꿔 줘. (to younger people or friends)
- 존(을) 바꿔 줘라. (to younger people or friends)
- 존(을) 바꿔 줄래. (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 존(을) 바꿔 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 존(을) 바꿔 주실래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 존(을) 바꿔 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)
[explanations]
* 존 : John
* -을 : a particle makes 존 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omittable
* 바꾸다 : (1) change (2) [=전화를 연결시켜 주다] put someone on the line
* 바꿔 : 바꾸(the stem of 바꾸다; 꾸 + -어 contracted into 꿔) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : do an effort
* 드리다 : an honourific word of 주다
* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* -어 드리다 / -아 드리다 / -여 드리다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
* 바꿔 주다 = 바꿔 드리다 : do an effort to change
* 줘 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”
* 여기 : here
* 존 : John
* 이다 : be
* -이란 : a short form of -이라는
* 이라는 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -라는((1) An expression used to quote someone while modifying the following noun: 들은 사실을 인용하여 전달하면서 그 뒤에 오는 명사를 꾸며 줄 때 쓰는 표현 (2) An expression used to quote a remark such as an order, request, etc., while modifying the following noun: 명령이나 요청 등의 말을 인용하여 전달하면서 그 뒤에 오는 명사를 꾸며 줄 때 쓰는 표현)
* 이름 : first name
* -을 : a pariticle makes 이름 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 가지다 : have
* 가진 : 가지(the stem of 가지다; 지 + -ㄴ contracted into 진) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verv past tense and adnominal)
* 사람 : human being (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 세 : three
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 세 분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + -ㄷ --> ㄸ] be; exist
* 계시다 : an honourific word of 있다
* 계십니다 : 계시(the stem of 계시다; 시 + -ㅂ contracted into 십) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 사실 : [事實] (1) [=실제의 일] a fact; an actual fact; a reality; [=현실] actuality; a factum ; [=진실] the truth; the case (2) [=실제로] actually; really; [=사실인즉] in fact; [=실은•사실은] as a matter of fact
* 세 분인데요 : 세 분 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ데(a declarative verb ending suffix; A sentence-final ending used to ask something while anticipating the listener's response: 듣는 사람의 반응을 기대하며 어떤 일에 대해 말함을 나타내는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 그 : that
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* 그분 : that person
* -의 : a suffix makes 그분 possesive; this omitted
* 성 : [姓] last name
* -을 : a pariticle makes 성 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 알다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] know
* 아시나요? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㅅ) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -나?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
No comments:
Post a Comment