자주 사용되는 한국어 표현 : Frequently used Korean expressions
13. 너 옷에 뭐 묻었다 : You got coffee stain on your dress
[other expressions]
- 너 옷에 뭐 묻었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 옷에 뭐 묻었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 옷에 뭐 묻었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 오빠 옷에 뭐 묻었네요.
- 오빠 옷에 뭐 묻었어요.
- 오빠 옷에 뭐 묻었습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 니 / 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* 오빠 : elder brother of a girl; this can be replaced like "선생님, 선배, 과장님..."
* -의 : a suffix makes 너 / 오빠 possesive
* 옷 : [=의복] clothes, dress, (sports/casual) wear, (formal) garment, (Am) apparel; clothing; outfit
* -에 : a place suffix means "on"
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what); a thing like coffe stain in the sentence
* -가 : a suffix makes 뭐 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel
* 묻다 : (1) ask; inquire (2) bury; cover (3) blame (sb/sth for sth), bring[call, hold] sb to account (4) stick (to); be stuck; adhere (to); be covered; be stained (with); be smeared (with) in the sentence
* 묻었다 : past tense of 묻다
* 묻었습니다 : 묻었다 + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -요 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
14. 쭉 가세요 : Go all the way
[other expressions]
- 쭉 가. (to younger people or friends)
- 쭉 가라. (to younger people or friends)
- 쭉 가요.
- 쭉 갈래요.
- 쭉 가실래요.
- 쭉 가세요.
- 쭉 가시죠.
- 쭉 가십시오. (formal)
[explanations]
* 쭉 : [an intensified word of 죽] (1) all during; throughout; all the time (2) all the way in the sentence (3) quickly (4) far; away
* 가다 : go
* 가 : 가다 + -아
* 가라 : 가다 + -아라
* 갈래요 : 가다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래 + -요
* * 갈래요 : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래 + -요
* 가세요 : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어 + -요
* 가셔요 : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -셔 + -요
* 가십시오 : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오
* a verb + -아 / -아라 / -ㄹ래 : a descrtiptive verb ending suffix shows a little persuasive nuance
* a verb + -요 / -ㄹ래요 / -실래요 / -세요 / -셔요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 : an honourific descrtiptive verb ending suffix shows a little persuasive nuance by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
15. 두려워할 필요 없어 : There is nothing to be afraid of
[other expressions]
- 두려워할 필요 없다. (to younger people or friends)
- 두려워할 필요 없네. (to younger people or friends)
- 두려워할 필요 없어. (to younger people or friends)
- 두려워할 필요 없네요.
- 두려워할 필요 없어요.
- 두려워할 필요 없습니다. (formal)
[explanations]
* 두려운 : afraid; fearful; frightened
* 두렵다 : a verb form of 두려운
* 두려워하다 : (1) fear; be afraid of; dread; be scared (at); be in fear of; be in a fright; be timid (of)
(2) apprehend; be apprehensive of; feel a danger of; be nervous about (3) stand in fear [awe] of
* 두려워할 : 두려워하다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)
* 필요 : need
* -가 : a suffix makes 필요 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a vowel
* 없다 : be not; not exist; there is not
* 없습니다 : 없다 + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다
* -ㄹ/을/를 필요(가) 없다 : don’t need to do; there is nothing to do
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -요 / -습니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’
16. 서울 가는 걸 이야기하자면 : Speaking of going to Seoul / Let’s talk about going to Seoul
[other expressions]
- 서울 가는 걸 이야기하면
- 서울 가는 걸 이야기하자면
- 서울 가는 것을 이야기하면
- 서울 가는 것을 이야기하자면
[explanations]
* 서울 : Seoul
* -에 : a place suffix means "to; toward"
* 가다 : go
* 가는 : 가다 + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb attributive)
* 걸 : a short form of 것을
* 것 : a thing; a stuff
* -을 : a suffix makes 것 objective after a word ends a consonant
* 이야기 / 얘기 : a story; a word
* 이야기하다 / 얘기하다 : say; talk; tell
* 이야기하면 : 이야기하다 + -면(if)
* 이야기하자면 : 이야기하다 + -자(a verb ending suffix means "Let’s do") + -면(if)
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