이건 무슨 버튼인가요? : What is this button?; What does this button do?; What is this button for?; Could you tell me what this button does?
* 그건 무엇을 위한 거예요? = 뭐 하는 데 쓰는 거예요? : What is ~ for?
ex)
A. 이건 무슨 버튼인가요? : What is this button?
B. 아침에 알람을 맞추는 거예요 : It allows you to set the alarm in the morning
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 이건 뭔 버튼이니? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 뭔 버튼이냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 뭔 버튼이야? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 뭔 버튼이지? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 뭔 버튼인가? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 뭔 버튼인지? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 무슨 버튼이니? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 무슨 버튼이냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 무슨 버튼이야? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 무슨 버튼이지? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 무슨 버튼인가? (to younger people or friends)
- 이건 무슨 버튼인지? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 이건 뭔 버튼이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 뭔 버튼이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 뭔 버튼인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 뭔 버튼인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 뭔 버튼입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 이건 무슨 버튼이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 무슨 버튼이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 무슨 버튼인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 무슨 버튼인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 이건 무슨 버튼입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
* [Memo]
* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) : 주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다
[explanations]
* 이건 : a short form of 이것은
* 이것 : this (thing)
* -은 : a particle makes 이것 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what)
* 뭔 : a short form 무슨(what)
* 어떤 : [=무슨] what / what kind[sort] of / what ‥ like
- 어떤 학교입니까? = 무슨 학교입니까? : What kind of school is it?
* 버튼 : button
* 버튼이에요? : 버튼 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* -예요? should be used after a noun ends in a vowel; 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 여 contracted into 예) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
- 이건 뭐예요? : What is this?
* -이에요? should be used after a noun ends in a consonant; 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
- 세일 중이에요? : Is it on sale?
* 버튼입니까? : 버튼 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* a noun + -(이)니? / -(이)냐? / -(이)야? / -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -(이)지? : a questioning form of 이다
* a noun + -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -(이)지? + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a noun + -예요? / -이에요? / -입니까? : an honourific questioning form of 이다 by '-요' / ‘-ㅂ'
* 그건 : a short form of 그것은
* 그것 : this (thing)
* -은 : a particle makes 그것 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what)
* -를 : a particle makes 뭐 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* -을 : a particle makes 무엇 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 위하다 : [爲하다] [=이롭게 하다] do for the good[benefit] of; do in favor[behalf] of
- 예술을 위한 예술 : art for art's sake
- 초보자를 위한 영어책 : an English book for beginner
* 위한 : for the good[benefit] of; in favor[behalf] of
* 위한 : 위하(the stem of 위하다; 하 + -ㄴ contracted into 한) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 하다 : do
* 하는 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 데 : [=곳•장소] a place
* -에 : a place suffix; 데 + -에 contracted into 데
* 쓰다 : (1) write (2) use
* 쓰는 : 쓰(the stem of 쓰다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb attributive/adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 뭐(를) 하는 데 = 무엇을 하는 데 : where we do
* 거 : a short form of 것(thing)
* 이다 : be
* 거예요? : a short form of 것이에요?
* 겁니까? : a short form of 것입니까?
* 거예요? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 여 contracted into 예) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix) --> -예요 always used after a word ends in a vowel like "거"
* 겁니까?: 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 것이에요? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)--> -이에요 always used after a word ends in a consonant like "것"
* 것입니까?: 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 아침 : (1) [=아침 식사] breakfast; the morning meal (2) morning
* 새벽 : [=날이 밝을 무렵·먼동이 트기 전·여명] dawn; daybreak; the break of day; the peep of day; the crack of dawn
-새벽 부터 해거름까지 : from dawn till dark
* -에 : a time suffix
* 아침에 : in the morning
* 새벽에 : early in the morning / at dawn[daybreak] / at break of day / before daybreak
* 알람 : alarm
* -을 : a particle makes 알람 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 맞추다 : arrange something fit yours; fit
* -에 맞출게요 / -에 맞추겠습니다 : I’ll arrange something fit yours
* 맞추는 : 맞추(the stem of 맞추다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb attributive/adnominal)
* 거 : a short form of 것(thing)
* 이다 : be
* 거예요 = 것이에요
* 거예요 : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 여 contracted into 예) + -여?(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix) --> -예요 always used after a word ends in a vowel like "거"
* 것이에요 : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)--> -이에요 always used after a word ends in a consonant like "것"
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