범퍼가 찌그러졌어요 : There’s a dent on the bumper; I have a dent on my bumper; There are some cracks on the bumper; The bumper’s smashed in.
* 움푹 들어간 곳 : dent
* 갈라진 금, 틈 : crack
ex)
A. 범퍼도 고쳐 주시겠어요? 찌그러졌어요 : Could you fix the bumper too? There’s a dent on the bumper
B. 새것처럼 고쳐 드릴게요 : We’ll have it fixed like a new one
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌다. (to younger people or friends)
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌네. (to younger people or friends)
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌어. (to younger people or friends)
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌는데! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 범퍼가 찌그러졌습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
[explanations]
* 내 : my (non-honourific word); a short form of 나의
* 제 : my (honourific word); a short form of 나의
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -의 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 possesive like 나의/저의(my)
* 차 : [車] [=탈 것] a vehicle; a carriage; a conveyance; [=자동차] a motorcar; an automobile; a car; [=택시] a taxi; a van; a wagon; a lorry; a truck
* -의 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 possesive
* 범퍼 : bumper (of a car)
* -가 : a particle makes 범퍼 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 찌그러진 : [=비틀린] distorted / warped / [=타원형이 된] oval
- 이 원은 찌그러졌다 : This circle is misshapen
- 지진으로 대문간과 창이 찌그러졌다 : The doorways and windows were warped[forced out of shape] by the earthquake
- 구두 모양이 찌그러졌다 : My shoes have lost their shape
- 이런 식으로 만든 웃옷은 모양이 잘 찌그러지지 않습니다 : A coat of this style will keep[retain] its shape
* 찌그러지다 : [=비틀려지다] be distorted / be warped / [=타원형이 되다] be oval <-- 찌그리(the stem of 찌그리다; 리 + -어 contracted into 러) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs) + -지다(A suffix that means "to have such a quality" or "to be that shape" and makes the word an adjective: ‘그런 성질이 있음’ 또는 ‘그런 모양임’의 뜻을 더하고 형용사로 만드는 접미사)
* 짜그러지다 : a weak form of 찌그러지다
* 찌그리다 : (1) [=찌그러뜨리다•찌그러지게 하다] squish; squash, squeeze; [=눌러서 찌그러지게 하다] press down to crush (2) frown (some of one's muscles or eyebrows)
- 운동화를 찌그려 신다 : wear a pair of sneakers after Fold the back with them
* 짜그리다 : a weak form of 찌그리다
* 찌그러뜨리다 : 찌그리(the stem of 찌그리다; 리 + -어 contracted into 러) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs) + -뜨리디(A suffix used to mean an emphasis: ‘강조’의 뜻을 더하는 접미사)
* -게 하다 : (1) An expression used to order someone to do a certain thing or to make something work: 남에게 어떤 행동을 하도록 시키거나 물건이 어떤 작동을 하게 만듦을 나타내는 표현) (2) An expression used to accept or allow a certain act of another person: 다른 사람의 어떤 행동을 허용하거나 허락함을 나타내는 표현)
- 자기야! 우리 얘들 원하는대로 하게 하자 : Honey, let's do what our kids want
* 찌그려졌다 : past tense of 찌그러지다 by '-였-'; 지 + -였 contracted into 졌; -었- changed into -였- after 지 for easy pronunciation
* 찌그러졌는데요 : 찌그러지(the stem of 찌그러지다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 찌그러졌습니다 : 찌그러지(the stem of 찌그러지다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -어 / -아 / -네 / -다 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -은데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -어 / -아 / -네 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -은데 + -요 : honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스-' / ‘-ㅂ’
* 움푹 : [=가운데가 우묵하게 푹 들어간 모양] the state of being hollow in the middle
* 옴푹 : a weak word of 옴폭
* 움푹움푹 : a strong word of 움푹
* 들어가다 : (1) [=안으로 가다] enter ; go[get / come] in; go[get / come] into ; walk[step] in; walk[step] into ; turn in; make one's entry into ; find one's way into; set foot inside ; let oneself in (2) [=움푹 패다] sink; sag; be hollow; cave[fall] in; be sunk(en) <-- 들(the stem of 들다: go into) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs) + 가다(go)
- 창으로 들어가다 : enter by[through] a window
- 물[수영장]에 들어가다 : enter[go into] the water[swimming pool]
- 기어 들어가다 : creep[crawl] into[under]
- 적진으로 깊숙이 들어가다 : cut one's way into the enemy's position
- 들어가게 하다 : let enter / allow to get into
- 들어가 있다 : be in
- 몰래 방에 들어가다 : steal[slip] into a room.
- 깊숙이 들어간 만 : a landlocked bay
- 쑥 들어간 눈 : deep-set[retreating] eyes.
* 들어간 : 들어가(the stem of 들어가다; 가 + -ㄴ contracted into 간) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 곳 : [=데•장소] a place
* 갈라지다 : [=째지다] split; cleave; fissure; [=금이 가다] crack (a part); [땅 등이 크게(of a large area of land)] gape
- 오랜 가뭄으로 갈라진 논 : a rice paddy cracked from a long drought
- 번개가 쳐서 나무가 둘로 갈라졌다 : The tree was split in half by lightning
- 지진으로 땅이 갈라졌다 : The ground was cracked by the earthquake
* 금 / 틈 : crack
* 범퍼 : bumper of a car
* -도 : too; this can be used instead of -를(a particle makes 범퍼 objective after a word ends in a vowel)
* 고치다 : (1) (고장 난 물건 등을) repair, fix, mend (=수리하다) (2) (병을) cure, heal, treat (3) (잘못·오류 등을) correct, cure (sb of sth)
- 자전거를 고치다 : fix a bicycle
- 버릇을 고치다 : cure sb of the habit (of); get sb out of a habit
- 나쁜 버릇을 고치다 : cure[break] sb of a bad habit
- 화장을 고치다 : fix [adjust, refresh] one's makeup
* 고쳐 : 고치(the stem of 고치다; 치 + -여 contracted into 해) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs; -어 changed into -여 after 치 for easy pronunciation)
* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다
* -어 주다 / -아 주다 / -여 주다 : (2) allow; permit (2) do an effort; keep (on)
- 결혼해 주다 : You allow someone to get married you
- 도와줄게 : I'll (do an effort to) help you
- 함께 있어 주다 : keep staying with
* 고쳐 주다 : repair (with an effort) something
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific: 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 찌그러졌어요 : 찌그러지(the stem of 찌그러지다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 새것 : a new thing <-- 새(new) + 거/것(a thing)
* -처럼 : like: as
* 드릴게요 : 드리(the stem of 드리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one’s will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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