안 계시는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었어요: There were three calls while you were away; You missed three calls; I answered three calls while you were out; I took three calls when you were out
ex)
A. 저 없는 동안 전화 온 거 있나요? : Did I miss any calls while I was away?
B. 네, 세 통 왔었는데 다 메모해 두었습니다 : Yes, there were three calls, and I took the messages for you
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 없는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 없는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 없는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 없는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었는데! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 안 계시는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 안 계시는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 안 계시는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 안 계시는 동안 전화가 세 통 왔었습니다. (more honourific by '시')
[explanations]
* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] be not; don't exist
* 없는 : [Pronunciation: 업는] 없(the stem of 없다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 안 : this is equal to "not" in English
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] be; exist; stay
* 계시다 : an honourific word of 있다; be; stay; be located
* 계시는 : 계시(the stem of 계시다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 동안 : <명사(noun)> (a space of) time; a period; a span; a while; [=간격] an interval; a space; <부사적(adverbial)> in; for ; during ; between; [=사이] in the course of ; as[so] long as
- 과거 5년 동안 : for the past five years
- 그 동안 : meanwhile / in the meantime
- 오랫동안 : for a long time[while]
- 살아 있는 동안은 : as long as one lives / while one lives
- 10분 동안을 두고 = 10분 사이를 두고 = 10분 새를 두고 : at intervals of ten minutes
- 일정 기간 동안에 : within a certain[given] period of time
- 자리를 비운 동안에 = 자리를 비운 사이에 = 자리를 비운 새에 : during one's absence / while one is out
* -에 : a time suffix; this omitted
* 없는 동안 : while you're away (non-honourific phrase)
* 안 계시는 동안 : while you're away (honourific phrase)
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -가 : a particle makes 전화 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 세 : three (셋 is changed into 세 before 통)
* 통 : [通] a unit counts a documents, papers, notes, a bonds, phone calls
- 편지 한 통 : a letter / a note
- 두 통 : two copies
- 엽서 한 통 : a postcard
- 호적 등본 두 통 : complete copies of one's family register
- 서류 세 통 : three copies of a document
* 오다 : (1) come (2) (Telephone) rings in the sentence
* 오시다 : an honourific word of 오다 by '-시-'
* 왔다 : [Pronunciation: 왇따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔
* 오셨다 : [Pronunciation: 오셛따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense of 오시다 by '-였-'; 시 + -였 contracted into 셨
* 왔었다 : [Pronunciation: 왇얻따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past perfect of 왔다 by '-었-'
* 오셨었다 : [Pronunciation: 오셛따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past perfect of 오셨다 by '-었-'
* 왔었는데요 : 왔었(the stem of 왔었다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 왔었어요 : 왔었(the stem of 왔었다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 왔었습니다 : 왔었(the stem of 왔었다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +-습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'
* 내 / 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 / 저: I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 나 / 제 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel
* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not ; don’t exist; there is not ; there are not
* 없는 : 없(the stem of 없다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* 동안 : <명사(noun)> (a space of) time; a period; a span; a while; [=간격] an interval; a space; <부사적(adverbial)> in; for ; during ; between; [=사이] in the course of ; as[so] long as
* -에 : a time suffix; this omitted
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -가 : a particle makes 전화 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel
* 오다 : (1) come (2) (Telephone) rings in the sentence
* 온 : 오(the stem of 오다; 오 + -ㄴ contracted into 온) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* 전화가 온 것 : a phone call
* -가 : a particle makes 거 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* -이 : a particle makes 것 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있으시다 : an honourific form of 있다 by '-으시'
* 있나요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -나?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 네 / 예 : yed
* 다 : all
* 메모 : meno
* 메모하다 : take a message
* 메모해 : 메모하(the stem of 메모하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs)
* 두다 : (1) [=놓다] put; place; set; emplace (2) [=남겨 두다] leave (behind) (3) [=손대지 않고 그 상태대로 있게 하다] leave; allow; let; […하게 두다] keep; have
* 두었다 : past tense of 두다 by '-었-'
* 두었습니다 : 두었(the stem of 두었다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
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