Let's learn about "그분이 왜 전화했는지 아세요?

그분이 왜 전화했는지 아세요? : Do you have any idea why he called?

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아니? (to younger people or friends)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아나? (to younger people or friends)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아는가? (to younger people or friends)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아는지? (to younger people or friends)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 알지? (to younger people or friends)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 알아? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 알지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 알죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠? is  short form of -지요?)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 알아요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 압니까? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 그분이 왜 전화했는지 아십니까? (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]

* 그 : that

* 사람 : human being; person (non-honourific word)

* 분 : human being; person (honourific word)

* -이 : a particle makes 그 분 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 왜 : why

* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call;  a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone

* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 하다 : do

* 걸다 : (1) [=매달다] hang ; hook(걸쇠에); suspend; put up; set up (2) [=잠그다] lock; fasten; turn a key; bar[bolt] (3) bet; stake (4) speak to; talk to (5) [=전화를 걸다] make a phone call

* 전화하다 = 전화를 하다 = 전화를 걸다 : call someone by one’s phone

* 걸었다 : past tense of 걸다 by '-었-'

* 전화했다 : past tense of 전화하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했

* 전화했는지 : 전화했(the stem of 전화했다) + -는지/-ㄴ지(A connective ending used to indicate an ambiguous reason or judgment about the following statement: 뒤에 오는 말의 내용에 대한 막연한 이유나 판단을 나타내는 연결 어미)

* 알다 : [ㄹ 불규칙(ㄹ irregular)] know

* 아시다 : an honourific word of 알다 by '-시-'; ㄹ erased before ㅅ

* 알았다 : [Pronunciation: 알앋따; ㅅ + ㄷ -> ㄸ] past tense of 알다 by '-았-'

* 아니? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -니?(an interrogative verb suffix)

* 아나? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -나?(an interrogative verb suffix)

* 아냐? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -냐?(an interrogative verb suffix)

* 아는가? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -는가?(an interrogative verb suffix)

* 아는지? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -는지?(an interrogative verb suffix)

* 알지요? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 압니까? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㅂ; 아 + -ㅂ contracted into 압) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 아세요? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -어 contracted into 세) + -어?(an interrogative verb suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 아셔요? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -여?(an interrogative verb suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 아십니까? : 알(the stem of 알다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; 시 + -ㅂ contracted into 십) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -아? / -는가? / -는지? / -지 ?  : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb + -나? / -아? / -는가? / -는지? / -지? + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -(으)십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-시” / ‘-ㅂ'