존이란 분이 전화하셨어요 : There was a call from John; Somebody named John called; John called
ex)
A. 존이라는 사람한테서 전화 왔었어요 : Somebody named John called
B. 존 누구요? : John who?
A. 성은 기억이 안 나요. T가 들어갔던가? : I don’t remember his last name. Something with a T?
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 존이란 사람이 전화했다. (to younger people or friends)
- 존이란 사람이 전화했네. (to younger people or friends)
- 존이란 사람이 전화했어. (to younger people or friends)
- 존이란 사람이 전화했는데! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 존이란 분이 전화했네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 존이란 분이 전화했어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 존이란 분이 전화했는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 존이란 분이 전화했습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
- 존이란 분이 전화하셨어요. (more honourific by '시')
- 존이란 분이 전화하셨습니다. (more honourific by '시')
[explanations]
* 존 : John
* 이다 : be
* 존이란 : 존 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -란(a short form of 라는); a short form of 존이라는
* -라는 : (1) An expression used to quote someone while modifying the following noun: 들은 사실을 인용하여 전달하면서 그 뒤에 오는 명사를 꾸며 줄 때 쓰는 표현 (2) An expression used to quote a remark such as an order, request, etc., while modifying the following noun: 명령이나 요청 등의 말을 인용하여 전달하면서 그 뒤에 오는 명사를 꾸며 줄 때 쓰는 표현) --> this makes a verb adnominal
* 사람 : human being; a person (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being; a person (honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 사람 / 분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -를 : a particle makes 전화 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 전화하다 = 전화를 하다 = 전화를 걸다 : call someone by one’s phone
* 전화하시다 = 전화를 하시다 = 전화를 거시다 : an honourific forms by '-시-'
* 전화한다 = 전화를 한다 = 전화를 건다 : (1) present tense of the above (2) future tense of the above
* 전화했다 : past tense of 전화하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했
* 전화하셨다 : past tense of 전화하시다 by '-였-'; 시 + -였 contracted into 셨
* 전화했어요 : 전화했(the stem of 전화했다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 전화했는데요 : 전화했(the stem of 전화했다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 전화했습니다 : 전화했(the stem of 전화했다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 전화하셨어요 : 전화하셨(the stem of 전화하셨다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 전화하셨습니다 : 전화하셨(the stem of 전화하셨다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific; 스 + -ㅂ contracted into 습) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +-습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'
* 존이란 사람한테서 = 존이란 사람으로 부터 : Somebody named John; from John
* -한테서 = -으로 부터 / -로 부터 : from somebody or something
* 전화 : [電話] a telephone; a phone; a phone call; a ring; a cell phone; a mobile phone
* -가 : a particle makes 전화 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 오다 : come
* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔
* 왔었다 : past perfect of 왔다 by '-았-'
* 전화(가) 오다 : Telephone rings
* 전화(가) 왔다 : I got a call
* 전화(가) 왔었다 : There was a call
* 왔었어요 : 왔었(the stem of 왔었다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 존 : John
* 누구요? : 누구(Who) + -요(an honourific interrogative ending suffix)
* 성 : [Pronunciation: high long] anger
* 성 : [Pronunciation: middle long] [姓] a surname; a family name; a last name
* -은 : a particle makes 성 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 기억 : [記憶] memory
* -이 : a suffix makes 기억 subjective after a word ends consonant
* 안 : a word makes a verb negative means “not”
* 나다 : come out; come into being
* 난다 : present tense of 나다 by '-ㄴ'
* 나요 : 나(the stem of 나다; 나 + -아 contracted into 나) + -아(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* T가 : T + 가(a suffix makes T subjective after a word ends vowel)
* 들다 : (1) [=들어가다] go in[into]; get in[into]; come in[into] (2) [=안에 담겨 있다] have, contain, hold
* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 오다 : come
* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔
* 가다 : go
* 갔다 : past tense of 가다 by '-았-'; 가 + -았 contracted into 갔
* 들어오다 : come in
* 들어왔다 : past tense of 들어오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔
* 들어가다: go in
* 들어갔다 : past tense of 들어가다 by '-았-'; 가 + -았 contracted into 갔
* 들어갔던가요? : 들어갔(the stem of 들어갔다) + -던가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix used to ask about a fact of the past: 과거의 사실에 대한 물음을 나타내는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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