2023-01-31

Let's learn about "들어가세요"

들어가세요 : (1) Goodbye (2) Come in, please (4) join our club and so on

ex #1)

A. 조심해서 들어가세요 : Be careful on your way. Good bye

B. 그래! 다음에 또 보자 : Okay. see you next time

ex #2)

A. 들어가세요. 다른 분들은 모두 와 계세요 : Come in please. all the others are here

B. 내가 제일 늦게 도착했네 : I was the last one to arrive

[other expressions]
- 들어가. (to younger people or friends)
- 들어가라. (to younger people or friends)
- 들어가요. (honourific by '-요')
- 들어가세요. (more honourific by '-시')
- 들어가셔요. (more honourific by '-시')
- 들어가십시오. (more honourific by '-시')

[explanations]
* 들어가다 : (1) [=안으로 가다] enter ; go[get / come] in; go[get / come] into ; walk[step] in; walk[step] into ; turn in; make one's entry into ; find one's way into; set foot inside ; let oneself in (2) [틈·속·사이로) go through; enter; penetrate; be inserted; be lodged (3) [=움푹 패다] sink; sag; be hollow; cave[fall] in; be sunk(en) (4) [=모임·단체 등의 구성원이 되다] join; enter; go into; associate oneself with ; (회사 등에) join; go to work for ; find[take] service in[with]; be employed ; (학교에) enter ; pass into (5) [=포함하다] contain; hold; include; enter; go into; be included[contained] (6) [=수용 능력이 있다] hold; accommodate; house (7) [시작하다·시기가 되다] begin; set in; enter <-- 들다(move in) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs) + 가다(go)
- 창으로 들어가다 : enter by[through] a window
- 물[수영장]에 들어가다 : enter[go into] the water[swimming pool]
- 기어 들어가다 : creep[crawl] into[under]
- 적진으로 깊숙이 들어가다 cut one's way into the enemy's position
- 들어가게 하다 : let enter / allow to get into 
- 들어가 있다 : be in
- 몰래 방에 들어가다 : steal[slip] into a room
- 붐비는 회장에 억지로 들어가다 : force one's way into a crowded hall
- 들어가도 좋습니까 : May I come in?
- 들어가지 마시오 : <게시(Notice)> No admittance
- 들어가십시오 : [수위의 말(word of janitor)] Please pass on
- 안으로 들어가 주십시오 : Move[Step] back to the rear, please
- 우리는 안내를 받아 서재로 들어갔다 : We were shown[ushered] into the study
- 우리는 마음대로 그의 방에 들어갈 순 없다 : We can't enter[go into] his room without permission
- 우리는 미궁에 들어가서 헤매었다 : We wandered into a maze
- 집은 큰길에서 조금 들어간 곳에 있다 : The house is a little way off the main street
- 뚫고 들어가다 : penetrate into
- 군중 속을 밀어 제치고 들어가다 : thrust oneself into a crowd
- 바늘 귀에 실이 들어간다 : A thread goes through the eye of a needle. / A needle is threaded
- 총알이 벽을 뚫고 들어간다 : A bullet penetrates[is lodged in] a wall
- 상처에 세균이 들어갔다 : The wound got infected
- 그 단어는 이 두 단어 사이에 들어간다 : The word goes[is to be inserted] between these two words
- 깊숙이 들어간 만 : a landlocked bay
- 쑥 들어간 눈 : deep-set[retreating] eyes
- 배가 고파서 내 눈이 들어갔다 : My eyes grew hollow with hunger
- 돌이 떨어져서 보닛이 약간 들어갔다 : The rock hit the hood and left a little dent
- 클럽에 들어가다 : join[enter] a club / be enrolled in a club / become a club member
- 대학에 들어가다 : enter[pass into / get into] a college / register[make one's registration] at a college
- 그는 이번에 재무부에 들어갔다 : He was appointed to the staff of[got a job in] the Finance Ministry
- 그는 실업계[정계]에 들어갔다 : He went into business[politics]. / He entered the business[political] world
- 그는 군대에 들어가 있다 : He is in the army
- 그 녀석 좋은 자리에 들어갔군 : What a good berth he has got!
- 나도 거기에 들어가 있었다 : I was among[one of] the number
- 인명사전에는 그의 이름도 들어가 있었다 : The biographical dictionary contained his name
- 잡비도 계산 속에 들어가 있다 : The miscellaneous expenses are included in the account
- 그것은 이 항목에 들어간다 : It comes[falls / is included] under this heading. / It belongs in[under] this category
- 이 회관은 1,500명 들어간다 : This hall seats[can accommodate / hold] 1,500 people
- 전원이 들어갈 수 없습니다 : There is not enough room for all of you
- 이 병은 얼마나 들어갈까 : How much will this bottle hold?
- …의 손에 들어가 있다 : be in the hands of ‥
- 중요한 서류가 경찰의 손에 들어갔다 : An important document fell into the hands of the police
- 집을 짓는 데 많은 돈이 들어갔다 : Much money has gone into building the house
- 이 사업엔 돈이 막 들어간다 : This enterprise eats money. / This is a very costly enterprise
- 새 생활로 들어가다 : enter upon a new life
- 내일부터 신학기에 들어간다 : The new semester begins tomorrow
- 장마철에 들어갔다 The rainy season has set in
- 그 시합은 연장전으로 들어갔다 The game went into extra innings
- 내가 나타나자 그의 기세는 쑥 들어가고 말았다 : As soon as I showed up, he was suddenly daunted[dispirited]
- 열심히 공부하면 머릿속에 다 들어간다 : Just study hard, and you'll come to apprehend[master] all

* 들어가 : 들어가(the stem of  들어가다; 가 + 아 contracted into 가) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 들어가라 : 들어가(the stem of 들어가다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 들어가세요 : 들어가(the stem of  들어가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 들어가셔요 : 들어가(the stem of  들어가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 들어가십시오 : 들어가(the stem of  들어가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")

* a verb + -아 / -어라 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"
* a verb + -아 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~”

2023-01-30

Let's learn about "몸을 움츠리다"

몸을 움츠리다 : shrink back

[usage]
- 그녀는 날씨가 너무 추워서 몸을 움츠렸다 : It was so cold that she shrank
- 그녀는 굉음에 감짝 놀라면서 몸을 움츠렸다 : She shrank in surprise at the roar

[explanations]
* 몸 : body
* -을 : a psrticle makes 몸 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 움츠리다 : shrink (away/back), withdraw; (겁을 먹어) cower

* 움츠렸다 : past tense of 움츠리다 by '-였-'

* 그녀 : she
* -는 : a particle makes 그녀 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 날씨 : weather
* -가 : a particle makes 날씨 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 춥다 : be cold
* 추운 : cold
* 추워서 : 춥(the stem of 춥다; ㅂ change into 우 before 어 and conjugated into 워) + -어서(because)

* 굉음 : [轟音] (deafening) roar, (폭발·총성 등의) boom
- 굉음과 함께 차가 불길에 휩싸였다 : The car burst into flame with an explosive roar[boom]
* -에 : a place suffix means "at"; because of

* 놀라다 : be startled
* 놀라게 하다 : startle

* 놀라면서 : 놀라(the stem of 놀라다) + -면서(with ...ing)

* 깜짝 : (1) [눈을 떴다 감는 모양] with a wink; with a blink[blinking] (2) [놀라는 모양] with surprise; with a start
- 깜짝하다 : wink[blink] (one's eyes); bat one's eyes[eyelids]
- 눈 깜짝할 사이에 : in the twinkling of an eye / in a twinkling / in an instant / in a flash
- 눈 하나 깜짝하지 않다 : do not flicker an eyelash / [=태연자약하다] be perfectly calm and collected
- 일주일이 눈 깜짝할 사이에 지나갔다 : A week has passed in a flash
- 깜짝 놀라다 : be startled out of one's wits / be struck all of a heap / be thunderstruck / one's heart leaps into one's mouth / bat an eyelid / eyebrows go up / be rocked on one's heel
- 깜짝 놀라게 하다 : startle / astonish / take by surprise / take breath away / knock the breath out of / strike dumb
- 세상을 깜짝 놀라게 하다 : startle the world / cause the public to gasp with surprise
- 깜짝 놀라 기절하다 : faint from fright
- 깜짝 놀라 눈을 뜨다 : awake with a start
- 나는 깜짝 놀랐다  :I was very surprised
- 이제 봐, 자네들을 깜짝 놀라게 하겠다 : Watch this, because it's going to amaze you
- 그는 그 기발한 학설로 세상을 깜짝 놀라게 했다 : He astonished the public[caused a sensation] with his novel theory
- 그는 감쪽같은 요술로 모두를 깜짝 놀라게 했다 : His trick was so exquisite that it took people's breath away
- 자네를 깜짝 놀래줄 일이 있다 : I have a surprise (in store) for you
- 그 소리에 깜짝 놀라 사슴은 귀를 쫑긋 세웠다 : Startled at[by] the noise, the deer pricked up its ears
- 검은 그림자를 보고 나는 깜짝 놀랐다 I started at the sight of a dark figure
- 무서움에 깜짝 놀라 나는 그 자리에서 꼼짝 않고 섰다 Struck with terror, I stopped dead in my tracks

Let's learn about "비지땀, 진땀"

비지땀을 흘리다 : sweat profusely[heavily]
진땀을 흘리다 : sweat like a log

ex)

A. 아빠랑 아들이 비지땀을 흘리면서 하루종일 집안 청소를 해줘서 나로서는 정말 고맙지 뭐야 : I'm very grateful that my husband and son cleaned the house all day in a sweat

B. 엄마! 아버지는 오후엔 힘이 드신지 진땀까지 흘리시던데, 이제 아버지도 나이가 많이 드신 거 같아 : Mom! My dad was sweating in the afternoon because he must be tired, I think he's old now

[explanations]
* 비지땀 : 몹시 힘든일을 할 때 쏟아져 내리는 땀(heavy sweat)
- 비지땀을 흘리다 : (1) sweat profusely; swear heavily; swear copiously (2) [=애쓰다] make a great effort
- 비지땀을 뿌리다 : sweat heavy sweat
- 비지땀을 흘리는 것 / 비지땀을 흘리는 사람: latherer
- 올림픽을 한 달 앞두고 선수들이 막바지 비지땀을 흘리고 있다 : With the Olympics only a month away, the athletes are sweating it out in last-minute training. 

* 진땀 = 식은땀 : 몹시 애쓰거나 힘들 떄 흐르는 끈끈한 땀(flopsweat)
- 아파서 진땀을 흘리다 : sweat hard in agony
- 그리고 그들은 사전을 찾느라 진땀을 흘렸습니다 : And they spent a lot of time huddled over a dictionary
- 진땀이 나다 : swear hard
- 진땀(을) 빼다 : draw cold sweat; sweat hard; be in a sweat; get in a sweat
- 진땀을 닦다 : swipe greasy sweat

Let's learn about "느지막하게"

나는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었다 = 나는 느지막히 아침을 먹었다 = 나는 느지감치 아침을 먹었다 : I had a late breakfast; I ate a late breakfast

[other expressions]
- 나는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었다. (to younger people or friends)
- 나는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었네. (to younger people or friends)
- 나는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었어. (to younger people or friends)
- 나는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었는데. (to younger people or friends)
- 저는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었네요. (honourific by '요')
- 저는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었어요. (honourific by '요')
- 저는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었는데요. (honourific by '요')
- 저는 느지막하게 아침을 먹었습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 느지막 : 시간이나 기한이 매우 늦다(be very late in time or time)

* 느지막하게 = 느지막히 = 느지감치 : very late
* 느즈막하게 : this can be used instead of 느지막하게; but this is incorrect

* 아침 : (1) [=오전] morning (2) [=아침 식사] breakfast
* -을 : a particle makes 아침 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 먹다 : eat
* 먹었다 : past tense of 먹다 by '-었-'

* 아침(을) 먹다 : have a breakfast: breakfast on
* 늦은 아침을 먹다 : take brunch; have brunch
* 아침을 거하게 먹다 : eat a heavy breakfast

* 먹었습니다 : 먹었(the stem of 먹었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -는데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ

Let's learn about "알듯 말듯"

그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나네 : I think I know that, but I don't remember

[other expressions]
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 난다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나. (to younger people or friends)
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나는구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나네요. (honourific by '요')
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나는군요! (honourific by '요')
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 나요. (honourific by '요')
- 그거 알듯 말듯 한데, 기억이 잘 안 납니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 그거 : a short form of 그것(that thing)
* -는 : a particle makes 그거 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* -은 : a particle makes 그것 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 알 듯 말 듯 : 알다 + -듯 + 말다 + -듯
* 알다 : know
* 말다 : stop; halt; don't know

* 듯 : [Pronunciation: 듣] (1) a short form of 듯이 (2) 《어미 ‘-ㄴ·-은·-는·-ㄹ·-을’ 뒤에 쓰이어》 그럴 것 같기도 하고 그렇지 않을 것 같기도 하다는 뜻을 나타냄(It is used after ‘-ㄴ·-은·-는·-ㄹ·-을’ suffix, it indicates that it is likely to be so or not
- 본 듯 만 듯 : Someone seems to have seen it
- 할 듯 말 듯 : Someone is on the verge of doing it
- 자는 듯 마는 듯 : Someone seems to be asleep
- 알듯 말듯 : As someone know, as someone don't know

* 듯 = 듯이 : [Pronunciation: 드시] (1) like, as, as...as, as if[though] (2) as if, as though, like, as...as, as.
- 그는 백만장자인 듯이 생활하고 있다 : He lives as if he were a millionaire
- 그녀는 잠이라도 자듯 눈을 감고 있다 : She closes her eyes as if she were sleeping
- 비 오듯 흐르는 땀 : sweat running like rain
- 나는 사고 현장으로 나는 듯 달렸다 : I ran like flying to the scene of the accident

* 하다 : do

* 알 듯 말 듯 하다 = 알 것 같기도 하고 모르는 것 같기도 하다 : I think I know and I think I don't

* 한데 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㄴ데(..., but ~)

* 생각 : thought
* 기억 : [記憶] memory; mind; memorization; remembrance; [=추억] recollection

* -이 : a psrticle makes 생각 / 기억 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant: this omitted

* 잘 : well

* 안 : this is equal to "not" in English

* 나다 : (1) grow; sprout (2) happen; break out (3) occur to; cross one’s mind (4) come out
* 난다 : present tense of 나다
* 났다 : past tense of 나다 by ‘-았-‘
- 소년의 턱에서 수염이 나기 시작했다 : Beard has begun to grow on the boy's chin[face]
- 언제 사고가 났습니까? : When did the accident happen?
- 화가 나다 : be[get] upset (with)
- 침이 난다 = 침이 고인다 : I'm drooling
- 트림이 난다 = 트림이 나온다 : I'm burping / belching

* 나 : 나(the stem of 나다; 나 + -아 contracted into 나) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 납니다 : 나(the stem of 나다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* -(의) 생각이 나다 = (의) 기억이 나다 : It reminds me of somebody
* -(의) 생각이 안 나다 = (의) 기억이 안 나다 : can't think of

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -야 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "무진장"

사람이 무진장 많네 : There are so many people
(물)고기가 무진장 많네 : There's a lot of fishes
과자가 무진장 많네 : There are so many snacks
화장품이 무진장 많네 : There are so many makeup products
시장이 무진장 크네 : The market is really big
키가 무진장 크네 : You're so tall
기차역이 무진장 크네 : The train station is huge
지하철역이 무진장 크고 멋지네 : The subway station is really big and cool
힘은 무진장 솟구쳤다 : I'm so energized

[explanations]
* 무진장 : 불교 용어로서 "덕이 넓어 끝이 없음"과 "닦고 닦아도 다함이 없는 불법의 근본"을 가르키는 말(Buddhist terms that refer to "virtue and endless" and "the root of Buddhist law that grows endlessly even after wiping and polishing."); a lot of; so; so many; so much

* 다함이 없는 것 : It's the last thing that never disappears
* 다하다 : terminate; end; stop; exhaust; use up
* 다함 : a noun form of 다하다 by '-ㅁ'
* -이 : a particle makes 다함 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 없다 : not exist; there is no; there are no
* 없는 : 없(the stem of 없다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb present tense and attributive)
* 것 : a thing

2023-01-29

Let's learn about "구시렁거리다"

그녀는 계속 구시렁거리고 있다 : She's been complaining continuously

ex)

A. 그녀가 무엇이 못마땅한지 계속 구시렁거리는데. 뭔 일이 있는지 넌 아는 게 있니? : She keeps complaining about what she doesn't like. Do you know anything about what's going on?

B. 오늘 아침에 보고서 올렸다가 한 소리 들었나 봐 = 그녀가 오늘 아침에 보고서를 올렸다가 상사로 부터 꾸중을 들었나 봐 : She must have been scolded by her boss for posting her report this morning

- 한 소리(를) 듣다 = 꾸중(을) 듣다 : get a scolding
- 한 소리(를) 하다 = 꾸중(을) 하다 : scold; give a person a scolding

* 구시렁거리다 = 궁시렁거리다 = 구시렁대다 = 궁시렁대다 : [강원도 방언(dialect)] (1) (잔소리를) give a long lecture; nag; (2) (군소리를) keep grumbling
* 고시랑거리다 = 고시랑대다 : a small word of 구시렁거리다

* 잔소리 : (1) [=잔말] useless[small] talk; empty[idle] talk; empty prattle; tittle-tattle (2) [=꾸중] (a) scolding; a rebuke; a lecture; preaching; a talking-to <-- 잔(little; small) + 소리(sound; word)
- 잔소리하다 : (1) talk idle; say useless things; tittle-tattle; (2) [=쫑알거리다] nag ; find fault ; gripe (3) [=불평하다] complain ; grumble; scold; lecture; give a scolding; give[read] a lecture[lesson]; rebuke; reprimand; reprove
- 잔소리꾼 : a chatterbox; prattler; a nag(ger); a carper; a faultfinder; a scolder; a preacher; a lecturer <-- 잔소리 + -꾼(a word means "a person of low rank")

* 군소리 : [=헛소리•군말] talking in one's sleep[delirium]; [=쓸데없는 말] an uncalled-for remark <-- 군(unnecessary; meaningless) + 소리(sound; word)
- 군소리하다 : make an unnecessary remark; talk in one's sleep[delirium]; utter meaningless words

* 구시렁 : grumbling

* 구시렁구시렁 = 궁시렁궁시렁 : 못마땅하다는 듯 군소리를 자꾸 늘어놓는 모양(someone is complaining); repeating grumbling; repeating nagging
* 고시랑고시랑 : a small word of 구시렁구시렁

* - 거리다 / -대다 : [접미사(suffix)] 의성어·의태어 뒤에 붙어, 같은 동작을 잇달아 되풀이함을 뜻함(It means to repeat the same movements one after another, attached to the onomatopoeia and the mimetic word)
- 소곤거리다 소근거리다 = 소곤대다 = 소근대다 : whisper
- 제발 둘이 소곤거리지 마라 : Please don't whisper between you two of you
- 출렁거리다 = 출렁대다 : lap, slop, slash, roll, swell
- 강기슭에 출렁거리는 물결 : little wave lapping against the shore

2023-01-28

Let's learn about "더운 정도의 순위"

더운 정도의 순서(Sequence of hot degree) : 
따끈따근 < 따끔따끔 < 뜨끔뜨끔

1) 따끈따근 : 매우 따뜻하고 더운 느낌(Very warm and hot feeling)
- 이 방은 따끈따끈해서 좋네 : I like this room because it's warm

2) 따끔따끔 : 따가울 정도로 몹시 더운 느낌(a stinging feeling of extreme heat)
- 여기 사우나는 너무 따끔따끔해서 나가는 게 어떨까? = 여기 사우나는 너무 너무 더워서 나가는 게 어떨까? : It's too hot in the sauna here, so why don't we go out?

3) 뜨끔뜨끔 : 갑자기 불에 닿은 것처럼 몹시 뜨거운 느낌(It's as hot as if one's body suddenly touchef the fire)
- 이 냄비 방금 가스레인지에서 내려놓아서 뜨끔뜨끔하니 모두 조심해라 = 이 냄비 방금 가스레인지에서 내려놓아서 굉장히 뜨거우니  모두 조심해라 : I just put this pot out of the gas stove, so it's very hot. Be careful, everyone

Let's learn about "아등바등 살다"

아등바등 살다 : do one's utmost to survive; live in a bustling manner

ex)

A. 이렇게 힘들게 아등바등 살아야 하는 거니 우리? : Do we have to live with struggling like this?

B. 또 왜 그러니? 사람 사는 게 다 그렇지... 힘들 때도 좋을 때도 있지... 니 동생 서울대 합격하고 갔을 때 (너는) 누구보다 좋아하고 기쁘하고 그러더니... : What's wrong with you? That's how people live... There are times when it's hard and times when it's good... When your brother passed Seoul National University, you were happy and liked him more than anyone else

* 아등바등 = 아둥바둥 : strivingly; In the manner of making an effort or insisting on one's own way in order to achieve something(무엇을 이루기 위해 애를 쓰거나 우겨 대는 모양)
- 그 사람 잘살아 보겠다고 아등바등 애를 쓰더니 그만 오늘 새벽 사고로 죽다니 참으로 안 됐다 : It is a pity that he died in an accident early this morning after struggling to live a good life
- 아등바등 한번 잘해봅시다 : Let's do our best strivingly
- 많은 가족들이 아등바등 돈을 벌어 겨우 먹고 산다 : 
Many families struggle to make ends meet
- 왜 이렇게 아등바등 살았을까? : Why did I lead a life of such struggle?

Let'd learn about "너 참 기특하다"

너 참 기특하다 : How commendable of you!

* This sentence should be used to younger people or your friends.

[other expressions #1]
<너 참 기특하다 : How commendable of you!>
- 너 참 기특하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 참 기특하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 참 기특해. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 참 기특하군! (to younger people or friends)
- 너 참 기특하구나! (to younger people or friends)

[other expressions #2]
<저 얘 참 기특하다 : I'm so proud of him!>
- 저 얘 참 기특하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 얘 참 기특하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 얘 참 기특해. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 얘 참 기특하군! (to younger people or friends)
- 저 얘 참 기특하구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 저 얘 참 기특해요. (honourific by '요')
- 저 얘 참 기특하군! (honourific by '요')
- 저 얘 참 기특해요. (honourific by '요')
- 저 얘 참 기특합니다. (formal; more honourific by '-스')

[explanations]
* 기특한 : [奇特-] [Pronunciation: 기트칸] [=말씨나 행동이 신통하여 귀염성이 있는(having a cute way of speaking and behaving)] commendable; admirable; praiseworthy; laudable; deserving praise
* 기특하게 : [Pronunciation: 기트카게] an adverb form of 기특한
* 기특히 : [Pronunciation: 기트키] an adverb form of 기특한
* 기특하다 : [Pronunciation: 기트카다] an adverb form of 기특한

- 기특한 마음씨 : a good intention / a commendable purpose
- 기특한 행동 : a commendable deed
- 그녀는 기특하게도 동생들의 뒤를 보살피고 있다 : It is quite a praiseworthy[an admirable] thing that she is looking after her younger brothers
- 그는 부모를 기쁘게 하려는 기특한 마음에서 열심히 공부했다 : He studied hard out of a commendable desire to please his parents
- 그녀의 기특한 마음가짐은 언젠가 보상될 것이다 : Some day her good intentions will be rewarded
- 그는 기특하게도 그 어려운 일을 혼자 할 결심을 했다 : He commendably determined to do that arduous work by himself
- 그 기특한 소녀는 앓고 계시는 어머니 대신에 일하러 나섰다 : The commendable[admirable] little girl went to work in place of her sick mother
- 조금도 불평하지 않다니 참 기특하구나 : How admirable of her not to complain at all!
- 내가 기특하게 생각하는 점은 그의 성실성이다 : What I admire[What is commendable] about him is his sincerity

Let's learn about "너스레 떨다"

너스레를 떨다 / 너스레를 부리다 : brag about

ex)

A. 내가 우리 반에서 최고로 인기쟁이인 거 너 알지? : You know I'm the most popular person in my class, right?

B. 또 너스레 떤다. 너 말 안 해도 너 멋쟁이고 인기 있는 거 안다 : Again you brag about yourself! I know you're cool and popular even if you don't tell me

[other expressions]
- 너스레를 떤다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너스레를 떠네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너스레를 떨어. (to younger people or friends)
- 너스레를 떠는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 너스레를 떠는구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 너스레를 떠네요. (honourific by '요')
- 너스레를 떨어요. (honourific by '요')
- 너스레를 떠는군요! (honourific by '요')
- 너스레를 떱니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 너스레 : (1) [=위에 놓는 물건이 빠지거나 바닥에 닿지 않게 할려고 흙구덩이나 그릇의 아가리, 또는 바닥에 이리저리 걸쳐 놓는 막대기(An aperture of a pit or bowl, or a stick that hangs around the floor to prevent things from falling out or touching the floor)•걸쳐놓은 것(Something that is hung so that it does not fall out or touch the floor)] a frame of crosspieces[twig] (2) [=남을 농락하려고 수다스럽게 늘어놓는 말, 또는 그러한 말솜씨(a glib talk to make fun of a person, or such a way of talking)•허튼 소리] idle remarks; nonsense; [=허풍] big[tall] talk
- 너스레를 놓다 : set up a frame-support
- 구덩이 위에 걸친 나뭇가지를 너스레한다 : lay a branch over the pit
너스레(를) 떨다 = 너스레(를) 부리다 : 수다스럽게 떠벌려 늘어놓는 말이나 행동(a glib talk or action); talk nonsense; make idle remarks; talk big[tall]; brag

* -를 : a particle makes 너스레 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 떨다 : (1) (몸을) tremble; quiver; quake; shake; shiver; [=전율하다] shudder; thrill; (목소리를) wobble; [=진동하다] vibrate (2) (먼지 등을) sweep [brush] off; shake down; (담뱃재를) knock off (3) (주머니·돈을) empty (5) (애교·엄살을) display; do; show; pretend
- 사지를 떨다 : tremble in every limb
- 무서워 덜덜 떨다 : tremble with fear
- 추워서 덜덜 떨다 : shiver with cold
- 방정맞게 무릎을 떨다 : jiggle one's knee (compulsively)
- 먼지를 떨다 : dust / shake[beat] off the dust
- 담요를 떨다 : shake[beat] a mat[blanket]
- 주머니를 떨다 : empty one's purse
- 극성을 떨다 : grow impatient / get upset
- 애교를 떨다 : display one's charm / turn on the charm / be profuse of one's smiles
- 수다를 떨다 : wag one's tongue / rattle on
- 엄살을 떨다 : pretend to be in pain. 

* 부리다 : (1) (사람·동물을) manage; handle; use; keep; employ (2) [=조종하다] manage; work; operate; handle; control (3)  (꾀·재주·말썽을) play; practice; do (4) [=행사하다] wield; exercise; [=일부러 하다] do intentionally (5) [=실었던 짐을 풀어 내려놓다] unload[discharge] ; unburden
* 부렸다 : past tense of 부리다 by '-였-'
- 사자 부리는 사람 : a lion tamer
- 하인을 부리다 : keep a servant / work a servant
- 말을 부릴 줄 알다 : know how to manage a horse
- 사람을 소나 말처럼 부리다 : work[drive] a person hard like a beast of burden / make a person drudge
- 사람을 몹시 부리다 ; work one's men hard / sweat one's employees
- 규칙으로 남을 손아귀에 넣어 부리다 : use rules to keep people under one's thumb
- 그 공장에서는 6백명의 직공을 부리고 있다 : The plant gives employment to 600 hands. / Six hundred hands are employed by[in] the plant
- 기계를 부리다 : handle[operate] a machine
- 자동차를 부리다 = 자동차를 운전하다 : drive a car
- 그는 내 마음대로 부릴 수 있다 : He is at my beck and call
- 그는 부하를 잘 부릴 줄 안다 : He is good at handling[managing] his men
- 마술을 부리다 : juggle / do conjuring tricks
- 재주를 부리다 : exercise one's talent / perform a trick
- 그는 추태를 부렸다 : He acted the fool[made a fool of himself]
- 욕심을 부리다 : be greedy[avaricious]
- 허세를 부리다 : make a display[show]
- 소년은 끝까지 고집을 부렸다 : The boy remained obstinate to the last
- 트럭에서 짐을 부리다 : unload a truck / unload goods from a truck
- 육지에 부리다 : land
- 그 배는 짐을 부리고 있다 : The ship is unloading

2023-01-27

Let's learn about "(말을) 떠벌리다"

(말을) 떠벌리다 : talk big; [=자랑하다] brag (about), boast (about); [=과장하다] exaggerate

ex)

A. 제발 좀 떠벌리고 다니지 마라. 일은 니 밑에 부하직원들이 다 했다는 건 삼척동자도 다 알고 있다고 ; Please don't brag about it. Even everyone knows that your subordinates did all the work

B. 그게 뭔 말이야! 내가 다 했다고 알지도 못하면서 그런 말 하니 너는 ... : What do you mean? You don't even know that I did everything

* 말 : (1) word; language; speech; tongue (2) [=이야기•얘기] talk (3) expression term,; [=단어] word; [=구] phrase (4) [동물(animal)] horse (5) [분량을 재는 단위(measuring unit)] mal (≒18 liters), Korean unit of measure
* 말 : [末] (1) [=마지막] end (of); close (of) (2) [야구(baseball)] bottom
* -을 : a particle makes 말 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 떠벌리다 : (1) [=수다스럽게 지껄여 대다•수다떨다] wag one's tongue[jaw(s)]; talk volubly; rattle on[away / off] (2) [=허풍을 치며 수다를 떨다•과장하다] exaggerate; brag; blow; talk big[tall]; draw a long bow (3) [=큰 규모로 차리다] set up on a large[an extensive] scale <-- 떠들다(talk) + 벌리다(spread; increase interval)
- (그는) 제 혼자서 한 양 떠벌리고 다닌다 = (그는) 제 혼자서 한 것처럼 떠벌리고 다닌다 : He talks like he did it on his own
- 그는 자기를 백만장자라고 떠벌리고 다닌다 : He advertises himself as[brags about being] a millionaire
- 그는 자랑스럽게 아들의 성공을 떠벌리고 다녔다 : He boasted to everyone about[of] his son's success
- 사건을 공연히 떠벌려 놓다 : make too much of the matter / carry the matter to a foolish extent

Let's learn about "재롱을 떨다"

재롱을 떨다 = 재롱을 부리다 : [=(어린아이의) 슬기롭고 귀여운 말과 짓] act cutely / do cute movements / make sweet gesture

ex)
A. 저기 봐라! 우리 조카 재롱 부리는 거 좀! : Look at that! My nephew's acting cute!
- 좀 means "Please"

B. 그래! 니 조카 많이 컸구나. 이제 재롱도 떨 줄 아네 : Yes! Your nephew grew up a lot. Now you know how to act cute

* 재롱 : [才弄] (baby's) cute movements
- 재롱스럽다 = 귀엽다 : be cute; be sweet
- 재롱스러운 = 귀여운 : cute; sweet
- 재롱둥이 : an adorable[a cute] baby doing cute movements
- 조카의 재롱을 즐기다 : enjoy one's nephew's tricks

* -을 : a particle makes 재롱 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 떨다 : (1) (몸을) tremble; quiver; quake; shake; shiver; [=전율하다] shudder; thrill; (목소리를) wobble; [=진동하다] vibrate (2) (먼지 등을) sweep [brush] off; shake down; (담뱃재를) knock off (3) (주머니·돈을) empty (5) (애교·엄살을) display; do; show; pretend
- 사지를 떨다 : tremble in every limb
- 무서워 덜덜 떨다 : tremble with fear
- 추워서 덜덜 떨다 : shiver with cold
- 방정맞게 무릎을 떨다 : jiggle one's knee (compulsively)
- 먼지를 떨다 : dust / shake[beat] off the dust
- 담요를 떨다 : shake[beat] a mat[blanket]
- 주머니를 떨다 : empty one's purse
- 극성을 떨다 : grow impatient / get upset
- 애교를 떨다 : display one's charm / turn on the charm / be profuse of one's smiles
- 수다를 떨다 : wag one's tongue / rattle on
- 엄살을 떨다 : pretend to be in pain. 

* 부리다 : (1) (사람·동물을) manage; handle; use; keep; employ (2) [=조종하다] manage; work; operate; handle; control (3)  (꾀·재주·말썽을) play; practice; do (4) [=행사하다] wield; exercise; [=일부러 하다] do intentionally (5) [=실었던 짐을 풀어 내려놓다] unload[discharge] ; unburden
* 부렸다 : past tense of 부리다 by '-였-'
- 사자 부리는 사람 : a lion tamer
- 하인을 부리다 : keep a servant / work a servant
- 말을 부릴 줄 알다 : know how to manage a horse
- 사람을 소나 말처럼 부리다 : work[drive] a person hard like a beast of burden / make a person drudge
- 사람을 몹시 부리다 ; work one's men hard / sweat one's employees
- 규칙으로 남을 손아귀에 넣어 부리다 : use rules to keep people under one's thumb
- 그 공장에서는 6백명의 직공을 부리고 있다 : The plant gives employment to 600 hands. / Six hundred hands are employed by[in] the plant
- 기계를 부리다 : handle[operate] a machine
- 자동차를 부리다 = 자동차를 운전하다 : drive a car
- 그는 내 마음대로 부릴 수 있다 : He is at my beck and call
- 그는 부하를 잘 부릴 줄 안다 : He is good at handling[managing] his men
- 마술을 부리다 : juggle / do conjuring tricks
- 재주를 부리다 : exercise one's talent / perform a trick
- 그는 추태를 부렸다 : He acted the fool[made a fool of himself]
- 욕심을 부리다 : be greedy[avaricious]
- 허세를 부리다 : make a display[show]
- 소년은 끝까지 고집을 부렸다 : The boy remained obstinate to the last
- 트럭에서 짐을 부리다 : unload a truck / unload goods from a truck
- 육지에 부리다 : land
- 그 배는 짐을 부리고 있다 : The ship is unloading

2023-01-26

Let's learn about "꼴값을 떤다"

꼴값을 떤다 : What a shame!

* This sentence should not be used to a person who is older than you

ex)

A. 나 잘했지? : I did a good job, right?

B. 쳇! 꼴값을 떤다. 할려면 좀 제대로 해라 : Damn! What a shame! If you want to do it, do it right

[other expressions]
- 꼴값을 떤다. (to younger people or friends)
- 꼴값을 떠네. (to younger people or friends)
- 꼴값을 떨어. (to younger people or friends)
- 꼴값을 떠는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 꼴값을 떠는구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 꼴값을 떠네요. (honourific by '요')
- 꼴값을 떨어요. (honourific by '요')
- 꼴값을 떠는군요! (honourific by '요')
- 꼴값을 떱니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 꼴값 : [Pronunciation: 꼴깝]  (1) a slang of 얼굴값 (2) 격에 맞지 않는 아니꼬운 행동(unbecoming behavior without character)
- 분수도 모르고 꼴값한다 : You're a disgrace without knowing your place
- 꼴값 좀 떨지 마 : Don't be such a jerk
* -을 : a particle makes 꼴값 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 떨다 : (1) (몸을) tremble; quiver; quake; shake; shiver; [=전율하다] shudder; thrill; (목소리를) wobble; [=진동하다] vibrate (2) (먼지 등을) sweep [brush] off; shake down; (담뱃재를) knock off (3) (주머니·돈을) empty (5) (애교·엄살을) display; do; show; pretend
- 사지를 떨다 : tremble in every limb
- 무서워 덜덜 떨다 : tremble with fear
- 추워서 덜덜 떨다 : shiver with cold
- 방정맞게 무릎을 떨다 : jiggle one's knee (compulsively)
- 먼지를 떨다 : dust / shake[beat] off the dust
- 담요를 떨다 : shake[beat] a mat[blanket]
- 주머니를 떨다 : empty one's purse
- 극성을 떨다 : grow impatient / get upset
- 애교를 떨다 : display one's charm / turn on the charm / be profuse of one's smiles
- 수다를 떨다 : wag one's tongue / rattle on
- 엄살을 떨다 : pretend to be in pain. 

* 떱니다 : 떨(the stem of 떨다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -는군! / -는구나 : a non-honourific exclamative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -는군 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

2023-01-25

Let's learn about "걸음거리"

* 걸음거리 : walking distance, place that is not too far away to walk to <-- 걸음(walking) + 거리(distance)

ex)

A. 쟤 걸음거리가 왜 저래? 쟤 다친 거니? : What's wrong with his walk? Is he hurt?

B. 맞아! (쟤가) 어제 길가다가 돌덩이에 걸려 넘어졌다고 하더라 : That's right! I heard that he tripped over a rock on the street yesterday

* 걷다 : [Pronunciation: 걷따] [ㄷ 불규칙: 걸으니•걸어] walk; go on foot; tramp; step; hike
- 걸어가면서 : as one goes / on the way
- 길을 걷다 : walk down[up / along] the road
- (어린아이가) 아장아장 걷다 : toddle[waddle] along.
- 사뿐사뿐 걷다 : walk lightly / walk with light steps
- 살금살금 걷다 : walk with stealthy steps / walk on tiptoe
- 뚜벅뚜벅 걷다 : tramp / tread heavily
- 성큼성큼 걷다 : stride (along) / walk with long steps[strides]
- 터벅터벅 걷다 : trudge along / plod on
- 비칠비칠 걷다 = 비실비실 걷다 : walk unsteadily / totter / stagger
- 절뚝절뚝 걷다 : walk lame / limp along
- 가만가만 걷다 = 가만히 걷다 : walk softly
- 한가로이 걷다 : stroll / saunter
- 마음이 내키는 대로 걷다 : go wherever one's humor dictates
- 걸으니 좋다 : It's nice to walk
- 걸어다니다 : walk about <-- 걷다(ㄷ changed into ㄹ before -어) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs) + 다니다(go and come; frequent)

* 걸음 : walking; stepping; a step; [=보조] pace <-- a noun form of 걷다 by '-음'
- 첫 걸음 : the first step
- 종종걸음 : short and quick steps / mincing steps
- 한걸음 한걸음 : step by step / by degrees
- 황소걸음으로  :at a snail's pace
- 빠른 걸음으로 : at a rapid[quick / brisk] pace / with a rapid step / briskly.
- 걸음이 빠르다[느리다] : be quick[slow] of foot / be a good[bad] walker
- 두 걸음 나서다[물러서다] : take two steps forward[backward]
- 한 걸음 앞서다[뒤지다] : be a step ahead[behind]
- 갑자기 걸음을 멈추다 : come to a sudden stop
- 천리길도 한 걸음부터 : A journey of a thousand miles starts with but a single step. / Step by step one goes a long way
- 나는 걸음이 느리다 : I have a weak leg. / I am a poor walker
- 그는 걸음아 날 살려라 하고 달아났다 : He ran away as fast as his legs could carry him. / He ran for his[dear] life

* 헛걸음 : 목적을 이루지 못하고 가거나 옴 또는 그런 걸음(Go, come or step without achieving your goal) <-- 헛(void) + 걸음(walking; step)
- 그 여자분은 오지 않았을 거야. 괜히 헛걸음 하지 마 : She wouldn't have come. Don't walk in vain
* 한걸음 : 쉬지 않고 내처 걷는 걸음이나 움직임(a non-stop walk or movement) <-- 한(one) + 걸음(walking; step)
- 아버지에게 사고가 생겨서 나는 한걸음에 달려갔다 : My father had an accident, so I ran away at a single step
* 잰걸음 : 보폭이 짧고 빠른 걸음(a short, quick walk)
- 저기 잰걸음으로 가는 아이는 바로 잭이지? : Jack is the one who's taking a quick walk over there, right?

Let's learn about "돈 아껴야겠어">

돈 아껴야겠어 : I need to save money

[other expressions]
- 돈 아껴야겠다. (to younger people or friends)
- 돈 아껴야겠네. (to younger people or friends)
- 돈 아껴야겠어. (to younger people or friends)
- 돈 아껴야겠군! (to younger people or friends)
- 돈 아껴야겠구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 돈 아껴야겠네요. (honourific by '요')
- 돈 아껴야겠군요. (honourific by '요')
- 돈 아껴야겠어요. (honourific by '요')
- 돈 아껴야겠습니다. (formal; more honourific by '-스')

[explanations]
* 돈 : money
* -을 : a particle makes 돈 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 아끼다 : (1) [=소중히 여기다] prize; value; set great value on; esteem (highly); think[make] much of; hold dear (2) [=함부로 쓰지 않다] spare; economize; be frugal ; [=내놓기 싫어하다] grudge; be stingy; be stint.
- 소중히 아끼다 : take great care of a thing
- 비용을 아끼지 않고 : regardless of expense
- 몸을 아끼지 않고 일하다 : work without sparing oneself
- 돈을 아끼다 : save money

* 아껴야겠다 : 아끼(the stem of 아끼다) + -어야/-아야/-여야(have to; must) + -겠(ones's will) + -다(a non-honourific basic verb ending suffix)

* -겠- : [어미:Ending of a Word] (1) 미래의 일이나 추측을 나타내는 어미.(An ending of a word referring to a future event or assumption) (2) 말하는 사람의 의지를 나타내는 어미(An ending of a word referring to the speaker's will) (3) 가능성이나 능력을 나타내는 어미(An ending of a word indicates possibility or ability)
- [추측] 그 사람 오늘 오겠지 = 그 사람 오늘 올 거야 : He'll be here today
- [의지] 제가 하겠습니다 : I'll do it
- [가능성] 그런 것은 삼척동자도 알겠다 : Everybody know that
- [능력] 이걸 어떻게 혼자 다 하겠니? = 이건 혼자 할 수 없어 : How can I do this all by myself

* 아껴야겠습니다 : 아끼(the stem of 아끼다) + -어야/-아야/-여야(have to; must) + -겠(ones's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스-' / '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "미치고 팔짝 뛰겠다"

미치고 팔짝 뛰겠다 : I'm going crazy and jumping

* 위의 문장은 "미치겠다"를 더 강하게 표현한 문장이며,대부분 상대방의 행동이 답답해서 "내가 미치겠다 그리고 짜증난다"라는 감정을 나타내는 것입니다 (The above sentence is a stronger expression of "Crazy," and most of the other person's actions are frustrating, so "I'm going crazy." And it's annoying.")

ex)

A. 저 이 정도 밖에 못했습니다. 담부터 좀 더 연구해서 더 잘 하겠습니다 : That's all I could do. I'll study more and do better next time

B. 어휴 이걸 발표 자료라고 만든거야! 정말 미치고 팔짝 뛰겠네... : Ugh, you made this into a presentation! You're driving me crazy

* 팔짝팔짝 뛰다 / 깡충깡충 뛰다 : If you skip along, you move almost as if you are dancing, with a series of little jumps from one foot to the other.
- (그들은) 그 남자와 그 뒤를 깡충깡충 따라가는 작은 소녀를 봤다 : They saw the man with a little girl skipping along behind him
- 우리는 팔짱을 끼고 팔딱팔딱 뛰며 길을 내려갔다 : We went skipping down the street arm in arm

2023-01-24

Let's learn about "머리 잘라 주세요"

머리 잘라 주세요 : Please cut my hair

[other expressions]
<Talking informally to younger people or friends in a friendly way>
- 머리 잘라 줘.
- 머리 잘라 줘라.
- 머리 잘라 줄래.

<Talking formaly to the elderly with honourific attitude>
- 머리 잘라 줘요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 머리 잘라 줄래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 머리 잘라 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 머리 잘라 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 머리 잘라 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 머리 잘라 주십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 머리 잘라 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 머리 잘라 주시겠습니까. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 머리 : (1) head (2) [=뇌] brain (3) [=머리털] hair
* -를 : a particle makes 머리 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 자르다 : cut

* 잘라 주다 = 잘라주다 : pick out; pick something  and give it to somebody <-- 자르(the stem of 자르다; ㄹ copied the front and 으 erased before 아) + -아(a connection suffix means "after ..ing") + -주다(do an effort)

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~”

Let's learn about "쓸모가 있다"

쓸모가 있다 : It’s useful
쓸모가 없다 : It's useless

ex)

A. 그거 어디에 쓸 건데? : What are you gonna use it for?

B. 이거 겨울에 창문 사이에 붙이면 찬바람이 안 들어오니까 참 쓸모가 있네 : It's very useful because cold wind doesn't come in when I put it between the windows in winter

[other expressions]
- 쓸모가 있다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쓸모가 있네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쓸모가 있어. (to younger people or friends)
- 쓸모가 있네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 쓸모가 있어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 쓸모가 있습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스-')


- 쓸모가 없다. (to younger people or friends)
- 쓸모가 없네. (to younger people or friends)
- 쓸모가 없어. (to younger people or friends)
- 쓸모가 없네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 쓸모가 없어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 쓸모가 없습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스-')

[explanations]
* 쓸모 : 쓸 만한 가치(a useful value); 쓰일 자리(a place to use)
* -가 : a particle makes 쓸모 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted
- (이거는) 아무 데도 쓸모가 없다 : This is of no use

* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따]  (1) not exist; be not (2) don't have in the sentence

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 잇따] (1) exist; be (2) have

* -이 없다 = -가 없다 : (1) there is no; there are no (2) I don't have: We don't have
* -이 있다 = -가 있다 : (1) there is; there are (2) I have: We have

* 있습니다 : [Pronuncition: 있습니다] 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 없습니다 : [Pronuncition: 업습니다] 없(the stem of 없다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + 네 / -어 + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by '스-' / ‘-요’

2023-01-19

Let's learn about "알면서 시치미 떼지 마"

알면서 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마 = 알고도 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마 : Don't pretend that you know but don't know

[other expressions]
- 알면서 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마. (to younger people or friends)
- 알면서 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마라. (to younger people or friends)
- 알면서 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 말아. (to younger people or friends)
- 알면서 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 말래. (to younger people or friends)
- 알면서 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마요. (honourific by '요')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 말래요. (honourific by '요')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 말아요. (honourific by '요')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마실래요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마세요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마셔요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마십시오. (formal; more honourific by '시')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마시겠어요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시면서 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마시겠습니까? (more honourific by '시')

- 알고도 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마. (to younger people or friends)
- 알고도 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 마라. (to younger people or friends)
- 알고도 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 말아. (to younger people or friends)
- 알고도 (모른다고) 시치미 떼지 말래. (to younger people or friends)
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마요. (honourific by '요')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 말래요. (honourific by '요')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 말아요. (honourific by '요')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마실래요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마세요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마셔요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마십시오. (formal; more honourific by '시')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마시겠어요. (more honourific by '시')
- 아시고도 (모르신다고) 시치미 떼지 마시겠습니까? (more honourific by '시')

[explanations]
* 알다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] know
* 아시다 : an honourific word of 알다 by '-시-'; ㄹ of 알다 erased before ㅅ

* 알면서 : 알(the stem of 알다) + -면서
* 아시면서 : 아시(the stem of 아시다) + -면서
* -면서 : (1) A connective ending used when more than two actions or states happen at the same time (2) A connective ending used to show that more than two actions or states are contradictory
- 우리딸은 요즘 입으로 노래하면서 공부하고 있다 : My daughter is studying by singing with her mouth these days
- (너는) 알면서 모른척하네 : You know it but you pretend not to know
* 모른척하다 : pretend not to know

* 모른다 : don't know
* 모르시다 : an honourific word of 모른다 by '-시-'; ㄴ of 알다 erased before ㅅ

* 모른다고 : 모른(the stem of 모른다) + -다고
* 모르신다고 : 모르시(the stem of 모르시다) + -ㄴ다고
* -다고/-ㄴ다고 : (1) A sentence-final ending used to ask again about a fact that one heard and confirm it (2) A sentence-final ending used to say something in such a way that one confirms and realizes that a certain fact is different from one's prediction

* -다고요/-ㄴ다고요 : (1) An expression used to repeat or stress the speaker's remark (2) An expression used to confirm or question another person's remark
- 오빠가 이걸 했다고요! 참 별일이야 : You did this! It's a big deal

* 알고도 : 알고(the stem of 알다) + -고도
* 아시고도 : 아시(the stem of 아시다) + -고도
* -고도 : A connective ending used to express a fact or feeling, and add that there is an opposite or another characteristic in the following statement

* 시치미 : feigned[assumed] innocence[ignorance]; false pretense; dissimulation
- 시치미(를) 따다 =시치미(를) 떼다 : feign[affect] ignorance[innocence]; play[do] (the) innocent; pretend to be ignorant ; pretend not to know; assume an air of innocence; keep a straight face; wear[put on] an innocent look; keep a straight face; put on a blank[poker] face
- 시치미를 떼고 : with an air of innocence / affecting innocence[ignorance] / pretending not to know / as if nothing had happened / with a nonchalant look

* 떼다 : [=자르다] cut; strip off; [=분리하다] detach; unfix;  lay off

* 떼 : 떼(the stem of 떼다) + -지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 말다 : [irregular verb] (1) [=그만두다•중단하다] stop; cease (3) [=하지 않다•하지 않는게 좋다] don't; had better not

* 마: 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 아; 마 and 아 contracted 마) + -아(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 말아: 말(the stem of 말다) + -아(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 마라: 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 아) + -아라(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 말래: 말(the stem of 말다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 말래요: 말(the stem of 말다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 마실래요: 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)+ -래(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 마십시오 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시)  + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -시오(an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘시’)
* 마시겠어요 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks a listener’s will) + -어요(an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘요’)
* 마시겠습니까 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시)  + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks a listener’s will) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘ㅂ’)

* a verb + -아 / -아라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ "
* a verb + -아 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -실래요 / -십시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘시’ / '-요'

Let’s learn about "~~보다“

A-(으)ㄴ가 보다, V-나 보다, N인가 보다
 
앞의 말이 나타내는 사실을 추측함을 나타내는 표현이다
(An expression used to guess about a fact mentioned in the preceding statement)

(출처: 한국어기초사전; https://krdict.korean.go.kr/)

See: https://studying-korean.tistory.com/153

보거나 들은 근거를 통해서 상황에 대해 추측할 때 사용함(It is used to make assumptions about a situation based on what has been seen or heard)
 
- 그가 음식을 먹지 못해요. 배가 아픈가 봐요 : He can't eat. I think I have a stomachache
- 청바지가 몸에 잘 들어가지 않아요. 바지가 작은가 봐요 : Jeans don't fit me well. My pants must be small
- 그가 비행기표를 샀대요. 고향에 가나 봐요 : He bought a plane ticket. I guess I'm going to my hometown
- 전화를 아무리 해도 받지를 않아요. 전화가 고장이 났나 봐요 : No matter how hard I try, he doesn't answer the phone. I think his phone is broken
- 그가 식사를 조금밖에 하지 않았어요. 맛이 없나 봐요: He only ate a little. I guess it doesn't taste good
- 그녀가 책을 들고 도서관에 들어갔어요. 아마 학생인가 봐요 : She went into the library with a book. I guess he's a student
- 그가 수술복을 입고 응급실에 들어갔어요. 의사인가 봐요 : He entered the emergency room in his surgical suit. I guess he's a doctor

2023-01-18

Let's learn about "미친 음색"

미친 음색 : wonderful voice; beautiful voice
- 아델의 미친 음색 : Adele's beautiful voice
미친 여자 : a carzy woman; a mad woman
- 그 여자는 미친 여자다 : She's mad woman

* 미치다 has the following meanings

1. [=정신이상이 되다] go mad[out of one's mind]; become[go] insane[crazy]; lose one's head[wits / mind]; go crackers[nuts]
- 미친 : mad / crazy / insane / crackbrained / cracked
- 미친 소리 : a carzy word / That's crazy
- 미친 듯이 : frantically / frenziedly / like mad[crazy] / madly
- 미친 사람 =미치광이 : a crazy person
- 미친 개 : a mad[rabid] dog.
- 미친 사람 같은 행동 : mad[crazy] conduct.
- 미친 듯한 종소리 : the distracting[maddening] sound of a bell
- 사랑에 미쳐서 madly[wildly] in love
- …하고 싶어서 미치다 : be unable to contain oneself / be dying
- 미친 듯이 물을 찾다 be mad for water
- 미치게 하다 : drive[send] mad[crazy] / unhinge mind[brain]
- 미쳐 날뛰다 run amuck / rush about wildly / rush about in a frenzy
- 질투로[화가 나서] 미칠 것 같다 : be mad with jealousy[rage]
- 도시의 미칠 듯한 소음에서 벗어나다 : escape from the maddening noise of the city
- 네가 신열이 있는데도 눈을 맞고 나가는 것은 미친 짓이다 : It's madness to go out in the snow when you have a fever
- 그는 미친 듯이 자기 머리털을 쥐어뜯었다 : He tore at his hair in a frenzy
- 그녀는 미칠 듯이 그 사내에게 홀딱 반해 있었다 : She loved the man to distraction
- 자기 자식을 잃은 그 어머니는 미쳐 죽었다 : The mother who had lost her child died mad[crazed] with grief
- 어머니의 갑작스런 죽음이 그를 미치게 했다 : His mother's sudden death drove him mad. / He became insane when his mother died suddenly
- 그 소식을 듣고 그녀는 미친 듯이 좋아했다 : At the news she was mad[she was beside herself] with joy
- 그녀는 실연하여 미쳤다 : Losing his love drove her mad
- 그는 분해서 미칠 것만 같았다 : He nearly went mad[He was beside himself] with mortification
- 그녀는 미친 듯이 소리를 질렀다 : She yelled and screamed frantically [like mad]
- 젊은이들은 밤새도록 미친 듯이 춤추었다 : They young people danced like mad[like crazy / in a frenzy] all night long
- 그녀의 미모는 남자들을 미치게 했다 : Her beauty nearly drove men mad
- 그는 미칠 듯이 그녀를 사랑하고 있었다 : He was madly in love with her. / He was nearly out of his mind with love for her

2. [=열중하다] be absorbed[engrossed] ; be devoted ; be given up ; [=열광하다] be crazy ; be a fanatic
- 그는 여자에게 미쳐 있다 : He is infatuated with[He has lost his head over] a woman
- 그는 체스[경마]에 미쳐 있다 : He is crazy about chess[horse racing]
- 그는 추리 소설에 미쳐 있다 : He can't keep away from detective stories. / He's a detective story buff

3. [이르다•도달하다] reach; attain to; amount to; come to; come up to ; [=걸치다] extend ; stretch; range over
- 손이 미치는 곳에 : within one's reach
- (화제가) 어떤 사건에 미치다 : turn on some subject
- (설명 등이) 상세한 점에 미치다 : go[enter] into details[particulars]
- (품질 등이) 표준에 미치다 : come up to standard
- 미치지 못하다 : be unattainable / do not amount / do not reach / fall short
- 기대에 미치지 못하다 : do not come up to one's expectations
- 생각이 미치다 = 생각이 닿다 : be clever[alert / farsighted] enough to think of
- 이런 외딴 시골에도 시대의 물결이 미친다 : The current of the times reaches even a remote country place like this
- 그 영향은 전국에 미쳤다 : The effect extended over the whole country
- 나는 힘이 미치는 한 엄격한 훈련을 견디었다 : I endured the hard training as best I could
- 완력에 있어서는 그에게 미칠 자가 없다 : He has no equal[No one can match him] in physical strength
- 부모의 눈길이 아이에 가까이 미치지 못한다 : His parents can't keep close eye on the child
- 태풍은 논밭에 막대한 피해를 미쳤다 : The typhoon did great damage to the fields
- 그것은 그들에게 좋은[나쁜] 영향을 미쳤다 : It exerted[exercised] a favorable[bad] influence upon them
- 담배는 건강에 나쁜 영향을 미친다 : Cigarette smoking is dangerous[hazardous] to one's health

4. [=닥치다•일어나다] visit; befall ; happen to
- 그에게 재난이 미쳤다 : A misfortune befell him. / An accident happened to him

5. [=필적하다] match; equal; be a match for; rival in; come up with; (힘이) lie in one's power[ability]
- 힘이 미치는 한 = 힘이 닿는 한 : as much as lies in one's power / to the best of one's power
- 힘이 미치지 못하다 : (일이) be beyond one's power[ability / capacities] / (사람이) be unequal / be incompetent
- …에 못 미치다 : be inferior to / be no match[equal] for / be[fall] behind
- 훨씬 못 미치다 : be far behind / fall (by) far short of
- 나 따위는 그에게 도저히 미치지 못한다 : I don't even come close to him. / I couldn't possibly be compared with him[compete with him]. / I'm nowhere near as good as him. / I'm not in the same class with[as] him
- 나는 빈틈없는 점에 있어서는 그에게 도저히 미치지 못한다 : I am no match for him in shrewdness
- 아무도 그의 역량에 미치지 못한다 : No one can even remotely rival him. / Nobody can in any equal him

6. wonderful; beautiful
- 미친 음색 : wonderful voice; beautiful voice
- 아델의 미친 음색 : Adele's beautiful voice
- 쟤 연기 미쳤다 = 저 여배우는 연기 진짜 진짜 엄청 연기를 잘한다 : That actress is really good at acting.

2023-01-17

Let's learn about "하나만 골라 주세요"

하나만 골라 주세요 : Please pick just one for me

[other expressions]
<Talking informally to younger people or friends in a friendly way>
- 하나만 골라 줘.
- 하나만 골라 줘라.
- 하나만 골라 줄래.

<Talking formaly to the elderly with honourific attitude>
- 하나만 골라 줘요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 하나만 골라 줄래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 하나만 골라 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 하나만 골라 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 하나만 골라 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 하나만 골라 주십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 하나만 골라 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 하나만 골라 주시겠습니까. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 하나 : one
* -만 : only
* 하나만 고르다 : pick just one

* 고르다 : (1) [ㄹ 불규칙] [=선택하다] choose, select, pick (out) (2) [높낮이·크기·모양 등이] be regular; be even (3) [날씨 등] even; round
- 잘못 고르다 : make a bad choice
- 규격이 고르지 않다 : be irregular in size
- 하와이는 연중 고른 날씨를 보인다 : The weather in Hawai is fair year round
* 고른 : (1) selected; chosen (2) regular; even; round

* 골라 주다 = 골라주다 : pick out; pick something  and give it to somebody <-- 고르(the stem of 고르다; ㄹ copied the front and 으 erased before 아) + -아(a connection suffix means "after ..ing") + -주다(do an effort)

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~”

Let's learn about "등이 간지러워

등이 간지러워 : My back is itchy
왼손이 간지러워 : My left hand is itchy
오른손이 간지러워 : My right hand is itchy
얼굴이 간지러워 : My face hand is itchy
왼발이 간지러워 : My left foot is itchy
오른발이 간지러워 : My right foot is itchy

[other expressions]
- 등이 간지럽다. (to younger people or friends)
- 등이 간지럽네. (to younger people or friends)
- 등이 간지러워. (to younger people or friends)
- 등이 간지럽군! (to younger people or friends)
- 등이 간지럽구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 등이 간지럽네요. (honourific by '요')
- 등이 간지러워요. (honourific by '요')
- 등이 간지럽군요! (honourific by '요')
- 등이 간지럽습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')

[explanations]
* 등 : (1) light; lamp (2) the back of a body (3) and so on; etc
* 왼손 : left hand <-- 왼쪽(left) + 손(hand)
* -쪽 : [=방향] side; direction
* 오른손 : right hand <-- 오른쪽(right) + 손(hand)
* 얼굴 : face
* 왼발 : left foot <-- 왼쪽(left) + 발(foot)
* 오른발 : right foot <-- 오른쪽(right) + 발(foot)
* -이 : a particle makes 등 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 간지럽다 : [Pronunciation: 간지럽따] (1) tickle; be itchy (2) be dying to say
- 온몸이 간지럽다 : I itch all over
- 말하고 싶어 입이 간지러웠지만 꾹 참았다 : I was dying to say it, but I kept my mouth shut

* 간지러운 : itchy

* 간지러워 : 간지럽(the stem of 간지럽; ㅂ changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* ㅂ 불규칙 : the ㅂ of 간지럽다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응  ‘ㆁ’. these days  V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation

* See : https://m.blog.naver.com/nurisejong/221050681781

* 간지럽습니다 : 간지럽(the stem of 간지럽다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나 : a non-honourific exclamative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -군 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "귀 기울여 들어봐"

귀 기울여 들어봐 : Listen carefully with your ears open

* this should be pronounced as “귀 기우려 들어봐“

[other expressions]
- 귀 기울여 들어봐. (to younger people or friends)
- 귀 기울여 들어봐라. (to younger people or friends)
- 귀 기울여 들어보게. (to younger people or friends)
- 귀 기울여 들어보게나. (to younger people or friends)
- 귀 기울여 들어볼래. (to younger people or friends)
- 귀 기울여 들어봐요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 귀 기울여 들어볼래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 귀 기울여 들어보실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 귀 기울여 들어보세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 귀 기울여 들어보셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 귀 기울여 들어보십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 귀 기울여 들어보시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 귀 기울여 들어보시겠습니까. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 귀 : ear
* -를 : a particle makes 귀 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 기울다 : [자동사(vi)] tilt; incline; decline
* 기울이다 : [타동사(vt)] make somethng tip; make somethng tilt; make somethng incline; make somethng bend
* 기울여(서) : 기울이(the stem of 기울이다) + -여/-여서/-아서/-어서(an aux connection suffix indicating a back-and-forth relationship of reason or time; this means "after" or "with"

* 듣다 : [Pronunciation: 듣따] [ㄷ 불규칙] listen
* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) try (to do)
* 들어 보다 = 들어보다 : try to listen; listen carefully

* 들어봐 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 들어봐라 : 들어보(the stem of 들어보다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 들어보게 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -게(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 들어보게나 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -게나(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 들어볼래 : 들어보(the stem of 들어보다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 들어볼래요 : 들어보(the stem of 들어보다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 들어보세요 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 들어보셔요 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 들어보실래요 : 들어보(the stem of 들어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 들어보십시오 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 들어보시겠어요 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + 겠어요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 들어보시겠습니까 : 들어보(the stem of  들어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + 겠습니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 / -게 / -게나 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -겠어요 / -겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"

Let's learn about "한 입 먹어봐"

한 입 먹어봐 : take a bite

* this should be pronounced as “한 닙만 먹어봐”

[other expressions]
- 한 입 먹어봐. (to younger people or friends)
- 한 입 먹어봐라. (to younger people or friends)
- 한 입 먹어보게. (to younger people or friends)
- 한 입 먹어보게나. (to younger people or friends)
- 한 입 먹어볼래. (to younger people or friends)
- 한 입 먹어봐요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 한 입 먹어볼래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 한 입 먹어보실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 한 입 먹어보세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 한 입 먹어보셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 한 입 먹어보십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 한 입 먹어보시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 한 입 먹어보시겠습니까. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 한 : one
* 입 : mouth
* 한 입 : one bite; a bite

* 먹 : [Pronunciation: 먹따] eat
* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) try (to do)
* 먹어 보다 = 먹어보다 : try to eat

* 먹어봐 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 먹어봐라 : 먹어보(the stem of 먹어보다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 먹어보게 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -게(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 먹어보게나 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -게나(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO" or "Please  ~")
* 먹어볼래 : 먹어보(the stem of 먹어보다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 먹어볼래요 : 먹어보(the stem of 먹어보다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 먹어보세요 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 먹어보셔요 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 먹어보실래요 : 먹어보(the stem of 먹어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 먹어보십시오 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 먹어보시겠어요 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + 겠어요(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")
* 먹어보시겠습니까 : 먹어보(the stem of  먹어보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + 겠습니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 / -게 / -게나 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -겠어요 / -겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~" or "Please ~"

Let's learn about "...느라(고) 바빠"

* 공부하느라 바빠 : I’m busy studing
* 일하느라 바빠 : I’m busy working
* 노느라 바빠 : I'm busy playing
* 쟤는 연애하느라 바빠 : She's busy dating / He's busy dating

[other expressions]
- 바쁘다. (to younger people or friends)
- 바쁘네. (to younger people or friends)
- 바빠. (to younger people or friends)
- 바쁘네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 바빠요. (honourific by '-요')
- 바쁩니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 공부하다 : study
* 일하다 : work
* 놀다 : play
* 연애하다 : Have a romantic relationship; date

* 공부하느라 : 공부하(the stem of 공부하다) + -느라
* 일하느라 : 일하(the stem of 일하다) + -느라
* 노느라 : 놀(the stem of 놀다; ㄹ erased before ㄴ) + -느라
* 연애하느라 : 연애하(the stem of 연애하다) + -느라

* -느라 / -느라고 : A connective ending used when the action of the preceding statement is the purpose or cause of the following statement; this means "...ing"

* 바쁜 : busy
* 바쁘다 : be busy
* -느라 바쁘다 : be busy ...ing

* 바빠 : 바쁘(the stem of 바쁘다; 으 erased before 아)  + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 바빠요 : 바쁘(the stem of 바쁘다; 으 erased before 아)  + -아(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 바쁩니다 : 바쁘(the stem of 바쁘다)  + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ')

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

2023-01-16

Let's learn about "나 한가해요"

나 한가해요 : I'm free

ex)

A. 오늘 저녁에 뭐 해? : Do you have any plans this evening?

B. 나! 나 저녁에 한가한데... : Me! I'm free in the evening

[other expressions]
- 나 한가하다. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 한가하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 한가해. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 한가한데. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 한가하네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 한가해요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 한가한데요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 한가합니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 한가[閑暇] : leisure; leisure moments; spare time[hours]
* 한가한 : free; disengaged
* 한가하다 : be at leisure; have no work to do; have spare time[time to spare]; have leisure; be free

* 한가해 : 한가하(the stem of 한가하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 한가합니다 : 한가하(the stem of 한가하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "네 생각이 나"

네 생각이 나 : It reminds me of you

[other expressions]
- 네 생각이 난다. (to younger people or friends)
- 네 생각이 나네. (to younger people or friends)
- 네 생각이 나. (to younger people or friends)
- 네 생각이 나는군! (to younger people or friends)
- 네 생각이 나는구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 오빠 생각이 나네요. (honourific by '요')
- 오빠 생각이 나는군요! (honourific by '요')
- 오빠 생각이 나요. (honourific by '요')
- 오빠 생각이 납니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 네 / 니 : you (non-honourific word)
* 오빠 : a man is older than a woman (honourific word)
* -의 : a particle makes 네 / 오빠 possesive; this omitted

* 생각 : thought
* -이 : a psrticle makes 땀 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant: this omitted

* 나다 : (1) grow; sprout (2) happen; break out (3) occur to; cross one’s mind (4) come out
* 난다 : present tense of 나다
* 났다 : past tense of 나다 by ‘-았-‘
- 소년의 턱에서 수염이 나기 시작했다 : Beard has begun to grow on the boy's chin[face]
- 언제 사고가 났습니까? : When did the accident happen?
- 화가 나다 : be[get] upset (with)
- 침이 난다 = 침이 고인다 : I'm drooling
- 트림이 난다 = 트림이 나온다 : I'm burping / belching

* 나 : 나(the stem of 나다; 나 + -아 contracted into 나) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 납니다 : 나(the stem of 나다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* -(의) 생각이 나다 : It reminds me of somebody

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -야 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "항상 건강하세요"

항상 건강하세요 : I hope you always stay healthy

[other expressions]
- 항상 건강해. (to younger people or friends)
- 항상 건강하게. (to younger people or friends)
- 항상 건강하게나. (to younger people or friends)
- 항상 건강해요. (honourific by '-요')
- 항상 건강하세요. (more honourific by '-시-')
- 항상 건강하셔요. (more honourific by '-시-')
- 항상 건강하십시오. (more honourific by '-시-')

[explanations]
* 항상 : always

* 건강 : [健康] health; soundness
* 건강한 : healthy; sound; well; wholesome; (노인 등이) hale and hearty; fit; in good health
* 건강하다 : a verb form of 건강한

* 건강해 : 건강하(the stem of 건강하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 건강하게 : 건강하(the stem of 건강하다) + -게(a non-honourific imperative verb ending suffix)
* 건강하게나 : 건강하(the stem of 건강하다) + -게나(a non-honourific imperative verb ending suffix)
* 건강하세요 : 건강하(the stem of 건강하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 건강하셔요 : 건강하(the stem of 건강하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 건강하십시오 : 건강하(the stem of 건강하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

Let's learn about "너무 머네"

아주 가깝네 : It's very close

너무 멀어 : It's too far

[other expressions]
- 아주 가깝다. (to younger people or friends)
- 아주 가깝네. (to younger people or friends)
- 아주 가까워. (to younger people or friends)
- 아주 가깝네요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 아주 가까워요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 아주 가깝습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

- 너무 멀다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 머네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 멀어. (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 머네요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 너무 멀어요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 너무 멉니다. (formal; honourific by ‘ㅂ’)

[explanations]
* 아주 / 엄청 : very
* 너무 / 진짜 / 진짜로 : too much

* 가까운 : close
* 가깝다 : [irregular] be close

* 가까워 : 가까운(ㄴ erased before 어) + -어
* 가깝습니다 : 가깝(the stem of 가깝다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다

* 먼 : far
* 멀다 : [irregular] be far

* 머네 : 멀(the stem of 멀다; ㄹ erased befor ㄴ) + -네
* 멉니다 : 멀(the stem of 멀다; ㄹ erased befor ㄴ) + -ㅂ니다

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습디다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

Let's learn about "이상하지?"

이상하지? : Is't it weird?

[other expressions]
- 이상하다? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상하네? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상해? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상하지? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상한데? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상하군? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상하구나? (to younger people or friends)
- 이상하네요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이상해요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이상한데요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이상하지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이상하죠? (honourific by '-요'; -죠 is a short form of -이죠)
- 이상하군요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이상합니다? (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 이상 : (1) [adjective] [=위에서 말한] above (2) [adverb] more than (3) [noun] [=비정상적인] abnormality; [=불쾌•기분이 언짢음•마음이 내키지 않음] indisposition (4) ideal; [=생각•이데아•사상•의견•예감] idea

* 이상한 : [생소한] strange; novel; [보기 드문] uncommon; unusual; singular; abnormal; [기이한] odd; peculiar; weird; [상궤를 벗어난] eccentric; [괴상한] grotesque; [불가사의한] mysterious; unaccountable; [수상한] suspicious

* 이상하다 : [=생소하다] be strange; be novel; [=보기 드물다] be uncommon; be unusual; be singular; be abnormal; [=기이하다] be odd; be peculiar; [=상궤를 벗어나다] be eccentric; [=괴상하다] be grotesque; [=불가사의하다] be mysterious; be unaccountable; [=수상하다] be suspicious

* 이상하지? : 이상하다 + -지?(See the following)
* -지? : A sentence-final ending used when the speaker asks the listener in a friendly manner(친근하게 묻는 의문형 종결어미)

* 이상해? : 이상하(the stem of 이상하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 이상합니다? : 이상하(the stem of 이상하다) + -ㅂ니가?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ')

* a verb + -다? / -네? / -어? / -지? / -군? / -구나? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네? / -어? / -지? / -군? + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "영광이지"

영광이지 : It's an honour

[other expressions]
- 영광이다. (to younger people or friends)
- 영광이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 영광이야. (to younger people or friends)
- 영광이지. (to younger people or friends)
- 영광이군! (to younger people or friends)
- 영광이구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 영광이네요. (honourific by '요')
- 영광이지요. (honourific by '요')
- 영광이죠. (honourific by '요'; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 영광이군요! (honourific by '요')
- 영광이에요. (honourific by '요')
- 영광입니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ‘)

[explanations]
* 영광 : an honour
* 이다 : be

* 영광이지 : 영광 + 이다 + -지(See the following)
* -지 : A sentence-final ending used when the speaker talks about himself/herself or his/her thoughts in a friendly manner(친근하게 말할 때 사용하는 서술격 종결어미)
* -이죠 / -죠 : an honourific form of -이지

* -입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다)  + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a noun + -이다 / -이네 / -이야 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -이군! / -이구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory form of 이다
* a noun + -이네 / -이군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun +  -이에요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다  by '-ㅂ'

* -이에요 : this is used after a noun word end in a consonant
- 동안이네요 : You look younger than your age

* -예요 : this is used after a noun word end in a vowel
- 손님이 주문하신 커피예요 : This is the coffee you ordered

2023-01-14

임재범 (Im Jae Beom) – 그대 앞에 난 촛불이어라 (I’m a Candle Before You)

 임재범 (Im Jae Beom) – 그대 앞에 난 촛불이어라 (I’m a Candle Before You)


그대 앞에 흰국화 꽃 한송이는 크게 뜨는

Geu-dae ap-e hwin-guk-hwa kkoch han-song-i-neun keu-ge ddeu-neun


내 눈에 눈물이었고

Nae nun-e nun-mul-i-eoss-go


시작도 끝도 없는 사랑이기에

Si-jak-do kkeut-do eobs-neun sa-rang-i-gi-e


그대 앞에 난 촛불이여라

Geu-dae ap-e nan chot-bul-i-yeo-ra


그대를 진정 사랑하리라

Geu-dae-reul jin-jeong sa-rang-ha-ri-ra


나만이 홀로 잊지 않으리

Na-man-I hol-ro ij-ji anh-eu-ri



핑크빛 커피잔에 흐르는 노래는 화사한 여인의

ping-keu-bich keo-pi-jan-e heu-reu-neun no-rae-neun hwa-sa-han yeo-in-eui


달콤한 미소도 내 뺨위에

Dal-kom-han mi-so-do nae bbyam-wi-e


눈물은 지울수 없어라

Nun-mul-eun ji-ul-su eobs-eo-ra


그대 앞에 난 촛불이여라

Geu-dae ap-e nan chot-bul-i-yeo-ra


그대를 진정 사랑하리라 (be my side)

Geu-dae-reul jin-jeong sa-rang-ha-ri-ra (be my side)


나만이 홀로 잊지 않으리 (bye my love)

Na-man-I hol-ro il-ji anh-eu-ri (bye my love)


그대 앞에 난 촛불이여라 (촛불이여라)

Geu-dae ap-e nan chot-bul-i-yeo-ra (chot-bul-i-yeo-ra)


그대 앞에 난 촛불이여라

Geu-dae ap-e nan chot-bul-i-yeo-ra


[English Translation]


A white chrythansemum floats before you


In my eyes there are tears


Because this love had no start or end


I am a candle in before you


Only I won’t forget


 


The song of a cheerful woman flows into a pink cup of coffee


Even that sweet smile


Cannot erase the tears on my cheek


I light a candle in front of you


I truly love you (be my side)


Only I won’t forget (bye my love)


I am a candle before you (Light a candle)


I am a candle before you

임재범 – 살아야지 (Yim Jae Beum – We have to live)

임재범 – 살아야지 (Yim Jae Beum – We have to live)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5KQYUNfxO0 촌 불루스 강성희 on 싱어게인 TV Program in 2023)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTQWxYxIPEc (신촌 불루스 강성희 on 싱어게인 TV Program in 2023)

https://youtu.be/22oaEKgzpUg  (임재범 in 2012)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9RtB-vnOJ0 (임재범 on 일산 concert in 2022)


산다는 건 참 고단한 일이지

Living is weary and so hard


지치고 지쳐서 걸을 수 없으니

You become tired, and unable to walk


어디쯤인지 무엇을 찾는지

Where am I? What am I looking for?


헤매고 헤매다 어딜 가려는지

Where am I trying to go by wandering?


꿈은 버리고 두 발은 딱 붙이고

I only need to give up my dreams, place my feet together


세상과 어울려 살아가면 되는데

And live along with the world


가끔씩 그리운 내 진짜 인생이

But sometimes I long for my real life


아프고 아파서 참을 수가 없는 나

It hurts, and I can’t bear it


살아야지 삶이 다 그렇지

But I have to live, life is like that


춥고 아프고 위태로운 거지

It’s cold, painful and dangerous


꿈은 버리고 두 발은 딱 붙이고

I only need to give up my dreams, place my feet together


세상과 어울려 살아가면 되는데

And live along with the world


날개 못 펴고 접어진 내 인생은

But my life, which has never unfolded its wings and withered


서럽고 서러워 자꾸 화가 나는 나

Makes me sad and angry


살아야지 삶이 다 그렇지

But I have to live, life is like that


작고 외롭고 흔들리는 거지

We’re small, lonely, and wavering


2023-01-13

Let's learn about "제가 좀 성급했네요"

제가 좀 성급했네요 : I was a bit hasty

ex)

A. 자네. 안 하던 실수를 했더구만! 담부턴 좀 더 주의를 기울여서 일을 좀 하게나 : Hey! You made a mistake that you didn't do! You should pay more attention to your work from now on

B. 예. 알겠습니다. 저번에는 제가 좀 성급했습니다 : Yes, sir. Last time, I was a bit hasty

[other expressions]
- 내가 좀 성급했다. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 좀 성급했네. (to younger people or friends)
- 내가 좀 성급했어. (to younger people or friends)
- 제가 좀 성급했네요. (honourific by '요')
- 제가 좀 성급했어요. (honourific by '요')
- 제가 좀 성급했습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')

[explanations]
* 내 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 : I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 나 / 저 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 좀 : a short form of 조금(a little; a bit)

* 성급한 : [性急한] hasty; impatient; impetuous; rash; quick-[short- / hot-]tempered
- 성급한 기질 : a hasty temper / impetuous disposition
- 성급한 노인 : a short-[quick- / hot-]tempered old man
- 성급한 행동 : rash action[behavior]
- 그가 성급한 짓을 하지 않는다면 좋으련만 : I only hope he won't take any rash action[he won't do anything rash]
- 벌써 준비를 시작하다니 정말 성급한 사람이군 : You really are impatient to start getting ready so soon
- 성급한 그는 벌써 퇴근 채비를 하고 있었다 : Being impatient by nature, he was already getting ready to leave

* 성급히 : hastily; impatiently; impetuously; rashly
- 성급히 결정하다 : decide too hastily
- 성급히 굴어서는 안 된다 : Don't be too hasty. /Don't jump the gun
- 그는 성급히 땅을 팔고 말았다 : He rashly sold his land

* 성급하다 : a verb form of 성급한
- 성급하면 손해 본다 : Out of temper, out of money
- 그녀는 원래 성급하다 : She is impatient by nature
- 너무 성급하면 어렵게 된다 : If you're too hasty, you'll cause trouble
- 그는 성급해서 실수를 잘한다 : He tends to make mistakes by acting too hastily

* 성급했다 : past tense of 성급하다 by '-었-'

* 성급했습니다 : 성급했(the stem of 성급했다) + -스(a suffix makes a verv more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "멋지네"

멋지네 : Amazing

ex)

A. 새리야! 남산 타워 높은 곳에서 서울 야경 바라다보니 어떠니? : Sae-ri! How do you feel about looking at the night view of Seoul from the high place of Namsan Tower?

B. 진짜 멋지네! 낮에 보는 서울시내 풍경보다 훨씬 좋다 :  So amazing! It's much better than the view of Seoul during the day

[other expressions]
- 멋지다. (to younger people or friends)
- 멋지네. (to younger people or friends)
- 멋져. (to younger people or friends)
- 멋지군! (to younger people or friends)
- 멋지구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 멋진걸. (to younger people or friends)
- 멋진데. (to younger people or friends)
- 멋지네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 멋져요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 멋지군요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 멋진걸요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 멋진데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 멋집니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)

[explanations]
* 정말 / 정말로 / 진짜 / 진짜로 : really

* 멋진 : fine; good; beautiful; wonderful; awesome; amazing
* 멋지다 : a verb form of 멋진

* 멋져 : 멋지(the stem of 멋지다) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 멋진걸 : 멋지(the stem of 멋지다) + ㄴ걸(this expresses one's thoughts or feelings about a action or state)
* 멋진데 : 멋지(the stem of 멋지다) + ㄴ데(that expresses a light feeling or regret, etc. by seeking consent or opinion from others in any fact or one's own words)
* 멋집니다 : 멋지(the stem of 멋지다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* -는걸 / -은걸 / -ㄴ걸 : a short form of "-은 것을”. a descriptive verb ending suffix, attached to the stem of a verb or an adjective like "있다•없다•계시다" or a suffix like "-시-•-겠-•-았-•-었-“, expresses one's thoughts or feelings about a action or state
* -인데 / -은데 / -ㄴ데 : a descriptive ending suffix that expresses a light feeling or regret, etc. by seeking consent or opinion from others in any fact or one's own words

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 / -여 / -ㄴ걸 / -ㄴ데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군 / -구나 : : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -어 / -여 / -ㄴ걸 / -ㄴ데 / -군 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

2023-01-12

Let's learn about "감동 받았어"

감동 받았어 = 감동했어 : I'm so touched

[other expressions]
- 감동 받았다. (to younger people or friends)
- 감동 받았네. (to younger people or friends)
- 감동 받았어. (to younger people or friends)
- 감동 받았네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 감동 받았어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 감동 받았습니다.. (formal; more honourific by '스')

- 감동했다. (to younger people or friends)
- 감동했네. (to younger people or friends)
- 감동했어. (to younger people or friends)
- 감동했네요. (honourific by '요')
- 감동했어요. (honourific by '요')
- 감동했습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after  a word ends in a consonant

* 난 : a short form of 나는; this omitted
* 전 : a short form of 저는; this omitted

* 감동 : [感動] impression, inspiration
* -을 : a particle makes 감동 objective after a word ends in a consonat; this omitted

* 받다 : recieve

* 감동(을) 받다 = 감동하다 : be touched by; be moved by

* 받았다 : past tense of 받다 by '-았-'
* 감동했다 : past tense of 감동하다 by '-었-'

* 받았습니다 : 받았(the stem of 받았다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 감동했습니다 : 감동했(the stem of 감동했다) + -스(a suffix makes a verv more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어: a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스-' / '-ㅂ‘

Let's learn about "인정" word

1. 인정 : [人情]

1)  [=동정심] sympathy; compassion; fellow feeling; [=연민] pity; [=자비심] mercy; charity; benevolence; [=친절] kindness
- 따뜻한 인정 : kindly feelings
- 세상의 메마른 인정 : the hardness of the world
- 인정사정없이 : with unrelenting sternness / without mercy[pity]
- 인정에 끌리다 : be moved with compassion / be touched with pity
- 그는 인정이라고는 없는 사람이다 : He has no heart[tender feelings]. / He is lost[dead] to pity
- 그는 인정이 많다  :He is warmhearted [kindhearted / tenderhearted]. / He has a feeling heart
- 그는 인정이 없다 : He is coldhearted[heartless / unfeeling]. / He has an unfeeling heart
- 상사는 부하에게 인정을 베풀어야 한다 : Those in high positions must be considerate of their subordinate
- 판사는 그 피고에게 인정을 베풀었다 : The judge showed sympathy[mercy] to the accused
- 이 고장 사람들은 인정이 없다 : People here are very cold
- 너는 참 인정머리가 없구나 : You are really ruthless[merciless]

2) [=인간적 감정] human feelings; [=인간성] human nature; humanity
- 그의 이야기는 인정의 핵심을 찌른 것이다 : His story shows his keen insight into human nature
- 그는 인정의 기미를 알고 있다 : He knows the subtleties of human nature
- 나는 인정상 차마 그런 일을 할 수가 없다 : I can't find it in my heart to do so. / How can I do such a thing as a man
- 인정 가화 : a human-nature story
- 인정 소설 : a human-nature novel

2. 인정 : [仁政] benevolent government[rule]; humane government
- 인정을 베풀다 : govern[rule] with benevolence

3. 인정 : [認定] [=인식] recognition; acknowledgment; [=승인] approval; [=인가] sanction; authorization; [=허가] permission
- 교육부 인정 교과서  :a textbook approved by the Ministry of Education
- 자격 인정 시험 : a qualifying test / a qualification test
- 그의 위업은 세상의 인정을 받았다 : His great achievement was recognized by the public
- 인정하다 : (진실·유효성 등을) admit; acknowledge; (정당·정상을) accept; [=좋다고 평가하다] approve of; recognize; [=허가하다] allow; permit; [=인가하다] authorize; sanction
- 일반적으로 인정되어 있는 사실 :!the generally accepted fact
- 그것을 사실이라고 인정하다 : acknowledge the truth of it / acknowledge it as true[to be true / that it is true]
- 부채가 있음을 인정하다 : acknowledge a debt
- 자기의 잘못을 인정하다 : acknowledge one's mistakes / admit[allow / concede] that one was wrong / admit[own / avow] oneself (to have been) in the wrong
- 패배를 인정하다 : recognize defeat
- 요구를 인정하다 : allow a request[a claim]
- 그가 과연 천재임을 인정한다 : I allow him to be a genius. / I allow that he is a genius
- 우리는 그를 의장으로 인정한다 : We acknowledge him our chairman
- 그는 그 아기가 자기 자식임을 인정했다 : He acknowledged[owned / recognized] the baby as his child. / He avowed the baby for his child
- 그는 패배를 인정했다 : He recognized that he was lost / He acknowledged himself beaten.
- 그는 자기의 잘못을 인정했다 : He admitted his mistake[that he was wrong]
- 선생님은 시험에 연필 사용을 인정했다 : The teacher allowed[permitted] the students to use pencils in the exam
- 그는 범행을 인정했다 : He confessed to the crime
- 학교에서는 두 가지 교복을 인정하고 있다 : The school authorizes two kinds of uniforms
- 내가 그만 못하다는 것을 인정한다 : I know he's better than I am.
- 우리는 그의 노력을 인정한다 : We think highly of his efforts
- 그는 유죄[무죄]로 인정되었다 : He was found guilty[innocent]
- 속어 중에는 관용상 정당한 것으로 인정된 것도 있다 : Some slang is authorized by usage
- 그들은 피폭자임을 인정받았다 : They have been certified as a atomic bomb victims
- 인정 과세 [-課稅] taxation with the standard of assessment fixed by the authorities
- 인정서 a certificate; a written recognition

Let's learn about "오랜만이다"

너무 오랜만이에요 : It's been so long

[other expressions]
- 너무 오랜만이다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 오랜만이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 오랜만이야. (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 오랜만이군! (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 오랜만이구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 너무 오랜만이네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 너무 오랜만이에요. (honourific by '-요')
- 너무 오랜만이군요! (honourific by '-요')
- 너무 오랜만입니다. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 오랜 : long, old, long-time
- 오랜 친구 : an old friend
* -만 : (1) only; merely (2) as much as; as many as (3) worth (4) at least (5) as ... as

* 오랜만 : long time no see

* 이다 : be

* 오랜만입니다 : 오랜만+ 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ')

* a noun + -이다 / -이네 / -이야 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -이군! / -이구나!: a non-honourific exclamatory form of 이다
* a noun + -이네 / -이군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'