무엇을 도와 드릴까요? : Can I help you?; How can I help you?; May I help you?; Is there anything I can help you with?; Are you being helped?; Do you need any assistance?
ex)
A. 무엇을 도와 드릴까요? : May I help you?
B. 신발 매장을 찾고 있는데요 : Yes, I’m looking for the shoes department.
A. 3층에 있습니다. 저 승강기로 내려가세요 : It’s on the third floor. Just go down that elevator
[other expressions]
- 뭐(를) 도와 줄까? (to younger people or friends)
- 뭐(를) 도와 줄까요? (honourific by ‘-요’; to younger people or friends)
- 뭐(를) 도와 드릴까요? (formal; honourific by ‘-요’)
- 뭘 도와 줄까? (to younger people or friends)
- 뭘 도와 줄까요? (honourific by ‘-요’; to younger people or friends)
- 뭘 도와 드릴까요? (formal; honourific by ‘-요’)
- 무엇을 도와 줄까? (to younger people or friends)
- 무엇을 도와 줄까요? (honourific by ‘-요’; to younger people or friends)
- 무엇을 도와 드릴까요? (formal; honourific by ‘-요’)
[explanations]
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇
* -를 : a particle makes 뭐 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 뭘 : a short form of 무엇을
* 무엇 : what
* -을 : a particle makes 무엇 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 돕다 : [ㅂ 불규칙] help
* 도움 : [=조력] assistance; a noun form of 돕다 by '-ㅁ'
[ㅂ 불규칙 (V irregular rule)]
* ㅂ is originally from ㅸ (ㆁ after ㅂ a sign that tells you to weakly pronounce 'ㅂ' and stop right away. (See: https://namu.wiki/w/%ED%9B%88%EB%AF%BC%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%98%20%EC%88%9C%EA%B2%BD%EC%9D%8C)
(1) the ㅂ of 돕다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '오' for easy pronunciation
- See : https://m.blog.naver.com/nurisejong/221050681781
(2) 도와 : 돕(the stem of 돕다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 오) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
(3) 도움 : 돕(the stem of 돕다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우 + -ㅁ(a suffix makes a verb a noun)
* 도와 : 돕다(the stem of 돕다; ㅂㅎ+ -아 contracted into 와) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 주다 : give
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다 to the elderly
* 줄까? : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 줄까요? : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 드릴까요? : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -ㄹ까? : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㄹ까? + -요 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix
* 신발 = 신 : [Pronunciation: high pitch short tone] shoes
* 매장 : [埋葬] [시체] (a) burial; (an) interment
* 매장하다 : bury; entomb
* 매장 : [埋藏] (1) [=묻어서 감춤] burying underground (2) [지하 자원] deposits
* 매장하다 : (1) hide underground; bury in the ground (2) have deposits underground
* 매장 : [賣場] [=파는 장소] a counter; a sale(s)room; [=점포] a shop; a store
- 문방구[장난감] ~ the stationery[toy] counter
- 매장의 여자 점원 : a girl behind the counter
- (백화점의) 신사화 매장 : the men's shoes department
* 신말 매장 : shoes department; shoes store
* -을 : a particle makes 신발 매장 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 찾다 : find: earch
* 찾고 : 찾(the stem of 찾다) + -고(a connection suffix between two verbs)
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -고 있다] be in the middle of ~; br ...ing
* 있는데요 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -는데/-ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to answer while anticipating the listener's response: 듣는 사람의 반응을 기대하며 어떤 일에 대해 대답할 때 사용하는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 3층 : [Pronunciation: 삼층] third floor
* -에 : a place suffix means "at"
* 있습니다 : 있(the stem of 있다) + 스-(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 저 : that
* 승강기 : elevator; escalator
* -으로 / -로 : by using something
* 내려가다 : go down
* 내려가세요 : 내려가(the stem of 내려가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a porpositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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