2022-10-19

Let's learn about "나 현금 없어"

나 현금 없어 : I don't cash on me
나 카드 있어 : I have a card

[other expressions]
- 나 현금 없다. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 현금 없네. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 현금 없어. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 현금 없네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 현금 없어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 현금 없습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스-')

- 나 카드 있다. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 카드 있네. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 카드 있어. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 카드 있네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 카드 있어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 저 카드 있습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스-')

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 현금 : cash
* -이 : a particle makes 현금 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따]  (1) not exist; be not (2) don't have in the sentence

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 잇따] (1) exist; be (2) have

* -이 없다 = -가 없다 : (1) there is no; there are no (2) I don't have: We don't have
* -이 있다 = -가 있다 : (1) there is; there are (2) I have: We have

* 없습니다 : [Pronuncition: 업습니다] 없(the stem of 없다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -어 : a descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + 네 / -어 + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : a descriptive verb ending suffix has an honourific by '스-' / ‘-요’

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