방 온도는 어떻게 조절하나요? : How do I control the room temperature?
방에 온도 조절기가 있나요? : Is there a room temperature controller in the room?
ex)
A. 방 온도는 어떻게 조절해요? : How do I control the room temperature?
B. 방은 중앙난방으로 되어 있어요. 방이 너무 더우신가요, 아니면 추우신가요? : The room is equipped with a central heating system. Is the room too hot or too cold?
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절해? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하니? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하나? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하냐? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하지? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하는가? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하는지? (to the younger or friends)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하는데? (to the younger or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있지? (to younger people or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절해요. (honourific by '-요')
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하나요? ((honourific by '-요')
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하지요? ((honourific by '-요')
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하죠? ((honourific by '-요'; 죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하는가요? ((honourific by '-요')
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하는지요? ((honourific by '-요')
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하는데요? ((honourific by '-요')
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절합니까? ((honourific by '-요')
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있죠? (honourific by ‘-요'; -죠 is the short form of -지요)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하세요? (more hinourific by ‘시’)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하셔요? (more hinourific by ‘시’)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하시나요? (more hinourific by ‘시’)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하시는가요? (more hinourific by ‘시’)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하시는지요? (more hinourific by ‘시’)
- 방 온도는 어떻게 조절하십니까? (formal; more hinourific by ‘십’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있으신가요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있으신지요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)
- 방에 온도 조절기가 있으십니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)
[explanations]
* 방 : [房] a room; a chamber
* -의 : a suffix makes 방 possesive; this omitted
* 온도 : [溫度] temperature; heat
- 실내 온도 : room temperature / the indoor temperature
- 절대 온도 : the absolute temperature
- 표준 온도 : the standard temperature
- 체감 온도 : sensible temperature
- 평균 온도 : the (annual) mean temperature
- 온도를 재다 : take[measure] the temperature
- 온도를 조절하다 : adjust[control] the temperature
- 온도가 높다 : The temperature is high / It's hot
- 온도가 낮다: The temperature is low / It's cold
- 온도는 45도이다 : The temperature is 45 degrees
- 온도가 올라간다 : The temperature[mercury / thermometer] rises[goes up / climbs up]
- 온도가 내려간다 : The temperature[mercury / thermometer] falls[goes down]
- 온도 조절 : temperature control
- 온도 조절 장치 : a thermostat
* -는 : a particle makes 방 온도 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this can be replaced by '-를'(a particle makes 방 온도 objective after a word ends in a vowel)
* 어떻다 : [Pronunciation: 어떧따] how
* 어떻게 : [Pronunciation: 어떠케] an adverb form of 어떻다 by '-게'
* 조절 : [調節] regulation; adjustment; control; governing; [=조정] modulation; [악기] tuning; [라디오] tuning in; articulation
* 조절하다 = 조절을 하다 : regulate ; adjust ; control ; fix; [음조 등] modulate ; tune ; tune in
* 조절하는데요? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -는데/-은데/-ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to ask something while anticipating the listener's response; A sentence-final ending used to ask the listener while anticipating his/her answer; A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 조절해? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 조절합니까? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 조절하세요? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 조절하셔요? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 조절하시나요? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -나?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 조절하시는가요? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -는가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 조절하시는지요? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -는지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 조절하십니까? : 조절하(the stem of 조절하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -어? / -지? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는데? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -어? / -지? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는데? + -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -세요? / -셔요? / -십니까? / -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘시-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-요’
* 방 : [房] a room; a chamber
* -에 : a place suffix
* 온도 : [溫度] temperature; heat
* 조절 : 調節] regulation; adjustment; control; governing; [=조정] modulation; [악기] tuning; [라디오] tuning in; articulation
* 조절기 : [調節器] a regulator; an adjuster; a governor; [라디오] modulator <-- 조절 + -기([器] : (1) an instrument; implement; utensil; tool; piece of apparatus [2] magnanimity [3] talent; ability; capacity [4] to think highly of (a person)
* -가 : a particle makes 온도 조절기 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this can be omitted
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있으시다 : an honourific form of 있다 by '-으시'
* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* 있으신가요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -지? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -으세요? / -으십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘스-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’
* 방 : [房] a room; a chamber
* -은 : a particle makes 방 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 중앙 : [中央] the center; the middle; the heart; [=수도] a metropolis
* 난방 : [煖房·暖房] [=데움] heating; [=덥게 한 방] a heated[warm] room
- 온수 난방 : hot-water heating
- 온기 난방 : hot-air heating
- 증기 난방 : steam heating
- 지역 난방 : district heating
- 방사(放射) 난방 : panel heating
- 난방 시설을 하다 : install a heater
- 난방이 되어 있다 : be heated
- 난방 완비 : <게시(Notice)> Air-Conditioned
- 새 건물에는 중앙 난방 장치가 되어 있다 :The new building has central heating
- 난방이 들어온다 : [방·건물 등의 한난(寒暖)] The house is well heated. / [난방 장치의 기능] The heating is on[working]
- 난방이 들어오지 않는다 : [방·건물 등의 한난(寒暖)] The house is poorly heated. / _난방 장치의 기능] The heating isn't on[working]
* 중앙난방 : central heating
- 내가 사는 아파트는 중앙난방을 한다 : The apartment building I live in has central heating
* -으로/-로 : A postpositional particle that indicates a method or way to do something(어떤 일의 방법이나 방식을 나타내는 조사)
* 되다 : become: be made
* 되어 :되(the stem of되다) + -어(a connective suffix between two verbs makes a verb progressive)
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* -아 있다 / -어 있다 / -여 있다 : to be in a situation or state
* 있어요 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 방 : [房] a room; a chamber
* -이 : a particle makes 방 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 너무 : so; very
* 더운 : hot, very warm
* 덥다 : be hot; be very warm
* 더우시다 : an honourific form of 덥다 by '-시-'
* 더우신가요? : 더우시(the stem of 더우시다: 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 아니다 : be not
* 아니면 : or <-- 아니(the stem of 아니다) + -면(if)
* 추운 : cold; chilly
* 춥다 : be cold; be chilly
* 추우시다 : an honourific form of 춥다 by '-시-'
* 추우신가요? : 추우시(the stem of 추우시다: 시 + -ㄴ contracted into 신) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
[Remarks about "ㅂ 불규칙]
In Korean language, All verbs ending in "-ㅂ다" follow the rules below as "ㅂ 불규칙 동사(ㅂ irregular verb)"(“-ㅂ다”로 끝나는 모든 동사는 “ㅂ 불규칙 동사”로서 아래의 규칙을 따른다)
ex)
- 아름답다 : be beautiful --> 아름다운(beautiful), 아름다워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 귀엽다 : be pretty --> 귀여운(pretty), 귀여워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 놀랍다 : be wonderful --> 놀라운(wonderful), 놀라워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 덥다 : be hot in weather --> 더운(hot in weather), 더워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 춥다 : be cold in weather --> 추운(hot in weather), 추워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
- 아깝다 : be precious --> 아까운(precious), 아까워(non-honourific descriptive verb)
[ㅂ 불규칙 (V irregular rule)]
(1) In Korean language, All verbs ending in "-ㅂ다" follow the rules below as "ㅂ 불규칙 동사(ㅂ irregular verb)"(“-ㅂ다”로 끝나는 모든 동사는 “ㅂ 불규칙 동사”로서 아래의 규칙을 따른다)
(2) the ㅂ of 덥다 is originally from ㅸ (ㆁ after ㅂ a sign that tells you to weakly pronounce 'ㅂ' and stop right away. (See: https://namu.wiki/w/%ED%9B%88%EB%AF%BC%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%98%20%EC%88%9C%EA%B2%BD%EC%9D%8C)
(3) the ㅂ of 덥다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation
(4) 더운: this is from 더 + ㅂ(V sound consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’; this changed into '우') + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb into an adjective)
(5) 더워 : 덥(the stem of 덥다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
(6) the ㅂ of 춥다 is originally from ㅸ (ㆁ after ㅂ a sign that tells you to weakly pronounce 'ㅂ' and stop right away. (See: https://namu.wiki/w/%ED%9B%88%EB%AF%BC%EC%A0%95%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%98%20%EC%88%9C%EA%B2%BD%EC%9D%8C)
(7) the ㅂ of 춥다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation
(8) 추운: this is from 추 + ㅂ(V sound consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’; this changed into '우') + ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb into an adjective)
(9) 추워 : 춥(the stem of 춥다; ㅂ(V sound) changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
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