2024-09-24

Let's learn about "(운전) 조심해요!"

운전(을) 조심해요! : Watch out!; Look out!; Drive safely/carefully; Drive with care; Be careful when you drive

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 운전 조심해. (to younger people or friends)
- 운전 조심해라. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 운전 조심해요. (honourific by ‘요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 운전 조심하세요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 운전 조심하셔요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 운전 조심하시지요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 운전 조심하시죠. (honourific by ‘요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 운전 조심하십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]
* 운전 : [運轉] driving; running; operation
* 운전하다 : drive; run; operate

* -을 : a particle makes 운전 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this had better be omitted

* 조심 : heed; care; carefulness; caution; precaution; guard; prudence; discretion; circumspection; wariness
* 조심스런 / 조심하는 : carefull
* 조심하다 : take care of

* 조심해 : 조심하(the stem of 조심하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~")
* 조심해라 : 조심하(the stem of 조심하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~")
* 조심하세요 : 조심하(the stem of 조심하다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 조심하셔요 : 조심하(the stem of 조심하다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 조심하십시오 : 조심하(the stem of 조심하다)  + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an  honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~"
* a verb + -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -십시오 / -시지요 / -시죠 : an  honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~" by '-시' / '-오' / '-요'

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