잔돈은 놔두세요 : Keep the change; Here’s your tip; Don’t worry about the change; That’s for you.
ex)
A. 17달러 주시면 됩니다 : You owe me $17 dollars
B. 여기 20달러예요. 거스름돈은 됐어요 : Here’s twenty and don’t worry about the change
A. 감사합니다 : Thank you
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 잔돈은 놔둬. (to younger people or friends)
- 잔돈은 놔둬라. (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 잔돈은 놔둬요. (honourific by ‘요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 잔돈은 놔두세요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 잔돈은 놔두셔요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 잔돈은 놔두시지요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 잔돈은 놔두시죠. (honourific by ‘요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 잔돈은 놔두십시오. (more honourific by ‘시’)
[explanations]
* 잔돈 : (1) [단위가 작은 돈] (small) change (2) [=거스럼돈] change
- 만 원짜리 바꿔 줄 잔돈 있으세요? : Do you have change for a 10,000-won bill?
- 여기 잔돈 500원 받으세요 : Here's 500 won change
* -은 : a particle makes 잔돈 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted; -이 can't be used in the sentence because -은/-는 can be replaced by '-을/-를'(a particle makes 잔돈 objective) and '-이/-가' can't be replaced by '-을/-를'
* 놔두다 : a short form of 놓아두다
* 놓아두다 : leave (a thing) as it is; let (a person) alone
* 놔두라 : 놔두(a stem of 놔두다) + -라(a non-honourific propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~")
* 놔둬 : 놔두(a stem of 놔두다) + -어(a non-honourific propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~")
* 놔둬요 : 놔두(a stem of 놔두다) + -어(a propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~") + + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 놔두세요 : 놔두(the stem of 놔두다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 놔두셔요 : 놔두(the stem of 놔두다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 놔두십시오 : 놔두(a stem of 놔두다) + -시(a suffix mskes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~"
* 놓아두라 : 놓아두(a stem of 놓아두다) + -라(a non-honourific propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~")
* 놓아둬 : 놓아두(a stem of 놓아두다) + -어(a non-honourific propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~")
* 놓아둬요 : 놓아두(a stem of 놓아두다) + -어(a propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~") + + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 놓아두세요 : 놓아두(the stem of 놓아두다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 놓아두셔요 : 놓아두(the stem of 놓아두다) + -시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please do ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 놓아두십시오 : 놓아두(a stem of 놓아두다) + -시(a suffix mskes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositve verb ending suffix means "please do ~")
* a verb + -어 / -어라 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~"
* a verb + -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -십시오 / -시지요 / -시죠 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~" by '-시' / '-오' / '-요'
* 17달러 : [Pronunciation: 십칠달러] $17
* -를 : a particle makes 17달러 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 주다 : give (non-honourific word)
* 드리다 : give (honourific word)
* 주시다 : give (honourific word); an honourific form of 주다 by '-시-'
* 주시면 : 주시(the stem of 주시다) + -면(if)
* 되다 : (1) become (2) [=충분하다] be enough; be sufficient; will do; answer[serve] the purpose
* 되겠네요 : 되(the stem of 되다) + -겠(one's conjecture) + -네(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 됩니다 : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -ㅂ니다 contracted into 됩니다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 여기 : here
* 20달러 : [Pronunciation: 이십달러] $20
* 이다 : be
* 20달러예요 : a short form of 20달러이에요
* 20달러이에요 : 20달러 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -에(a declarative verb ending suffix; 이 changed into 에 for easy pronunciation) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 거스르다 : give change; make change
- …을 받고 10원을 거슬러 주다 : give ten won (in return) for ‥
- 거슬러 받다 : get the change
* 거스럼 : a noun form of 거스르다 by '-ㅁ'; 르 + -ㅁ contracted into 럼
* 돈 : money
* 거스럼돈 : back money; change
* 잔돈 : (1) [단위가 작은 돈] (small) change (2) [=거스럼돈] change
- 만 원짜리 바꿔 줄 잔돈 있으세요? : Do you have change for a 10,000-won bill?
- 여기 잔돈 500원 받으세요 : Here's 500 won change
* -은 : a particle makes 거스럼돈 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 되다 : (1) [=충분하다] be enough; be sufficient; [=만족하다(be satisfied)] will do; answer[serve] the purpose (2) I don't have to take it because your service has satisfied me enough
- 이것이면 된다 : This will do. / This will serve[answer for] my purpose
* 됐다 : a short form of 되었다
* 되었다 : past tense of 되다 by ‘-었-‘
* 됐어요 : 됐(the stem of 됐다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 됐습니다 : 됐(the stem of 됐다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 감사하다 : thank you so much
* 감사합니다 : 감사하(the stem of 감사하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
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