2023-06-29

Let's learn about "뭘 하고 싶어요?"

(이제) 뭘 하고 싶어요? : What do you want to do?: What shall we do next?: What’s next? I

ex)

A. 뭐 하고 싶어요? : What do you want to do?

B. 좀 걸을까요? : Let’s just walk for a while.

A. 좋아요 : That sounds good

[other expressions]
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶니? (to younger people or friends)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶나? (to younger people or friends)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶냐? (to younger people or friends)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶어? (to younger people or friends)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶은가? (to younger people or friends)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶은가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)
- (이제) 뭘 하고 싶으십니까? (more honourific by ‘-시’)

[explanations]
* 뭐 / 뭘 :  : a short form of 무엇을
* -을 : a particle makes 무엇(what) objective after a word ends in a consonant
* -를 : a particle makes 뭐(what) objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 하다 : do

* 하고 : 하(the stem of 하다) + -고(and; and then)

* 싶다 : want; hope
* -고 싶다 : want to do

* 싶은가? : 싶(the stem of 싶다)  + -은가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; this used after a verb ends in a consonant)
* 싶습니까? : 싶(the stem of 싶다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 싶으십니까? : 싶(the stem of 싶) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific; -으시 used after a verb ends in a consonant) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -은가? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -은가? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? / -습니까? / -으십니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ-‘ / '스' / '시'

* 좀 : a short form of 조금(a little; a bit)

* 걷다 : [Pronunciation: 걷따] [ㄹ 불규칙] walk

* 걸을까요 : 걷(the stem of 걷다; ㄷ changed into ㄹ before ㅇ) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 좋은 : good; great
* (-이/-가) 좋다 : [Pronunciation: 조타] be good; be great

* 좋아요 : 좋(the stem of 좋다) + -아(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let's learn about "어디 갈까요?"

어디 갈까요? : Where do you want to go?; Where would you like to go?; Do you know of any places you want to go to?; Know of any good places?

ex)

A .어디 가고 싶어요? : Where do you want to go?

B. 상관 없어요. 먼저 정하시죠 : It doesn’t really matter. It’s up to you

[other expressions]
- 어디 갈까? (to younger people or friends)
- 어디 갈래? (to younger people or friends)
- 어디 갈까요?
- 어디 갈래요?
- 어디 가실래요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 어디 가실까요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 어디 가시겠어요? (Formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- 어디 가시겠습니까? (Formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

[explanations]
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)

* 어디 : where
* -로 / -으로 : to

* 가다 : go
* -러 가다 / -려 가다 : go to do
* 갈까? : 가다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?
* 갈래? : 가다 + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?
* 가실래요? : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래 + -요?
* 가실까요? : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까 + -요?
* 가시겠어요? : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s will) + -어 + -요?
* 가시겠습니까? : 가다 + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(one’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?
* a verb + -ㄹ까? / -ㄹ래? : a questioning verb ending suffix means “Can you ~” / “Would you ~” / “Let’s ~”
* a verb + -ㄹ까요? / -ㄹ래요? /- 실래요? / -실까요? / -시겠어요? / -시겠습니까? : an honourific questioning verb ending suffix means “Can you ~” / “Would you ~” / “Let’s ~” by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 가고 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -고(in order to do)

* (-고) 싶다 : [Pronunciation: 십따] want to do; hope
* 싶어요? : 싶(the stem of 싶다) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 상관 : 相關] [=상호 관계] (a) correlation; (an) interrelation; a mutual relationship
* -이 : a particle makes 상관 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* (-이/-가) 있다 : (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have in the sentence
* (-이/-가) 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not; not exist; there is[are] not

* 없어요 : 없(the stem of 없다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 먼저 : (1) [=앞서서] first; ahead (2) [=우선] first of all; above all; before anything else

* 정하다 : [定하다] [=결정하다] decide (on); determine; [=문제를 해결하고 조화시켜 결정하다] settle (on); [=분명히 결정하다] fix; [=선택하여 결정하다] choose; fix upon[on]; [=타협 등을 하여 결정하다] arrange; [=특히 날짜를 정하다] appoint
- 정한 시간에 : at the stated[appointed] time
- 목적지를 정하다 : decide where to go
- 출발 날짜를 정하다 : fix a date for (one's) departure / set the day of (one's) departure
- 목표를 정하다 : set up a goal
- 방침을 정하다 : decide on[upon] one's course
- 값을 정하다 : fix the price
- 태도를 정하다 : define one's attitude
- 직업을 정하다 : fix one's occupation / decide upon one's profession
- 무엇을 해야 할지를 정하다 : determine what is to be done

* 정하시죠 : a short form of 정하시지요 
* 정하시지요 : 정하(the stem of 정하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

2023-06-28

Let's learn about "너 사진발 좋다"

너 사진발 좋아 = 너 사진발 잘 받는다 : You're so photogebic

너 사진발도 좋아 = 너 사진발도 잘 받는다 : this becomes a bit of a sarcastic nuance by attaching '-도'(too; also) to the above sentence

[other expressions]
- 너 사진발 좋다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 좋네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 좋아. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 좋군! (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 좋구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 언니 사진발 좋네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 언니 사진발 좋아요. (honourific by '-요')
- 언니 사진발 좋군요! (honourific by '-요')
- 언니 사진발 좋습니다.. (formal; more honourific by '스')

- 너 사진발 잘 받는다. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 잘 받네. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 잘 받아. (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 잘 받군! (to younger people or friends)
- 너 사진발 잘 받구나! (to younger people or friends)
- 언니 사진발 잘 받네요. (honourific by '요')
- 언니 사진발 잘 받군요! (honourific by '요')
- 언니 사진발 잘 받아요. (honourific by '요')
- 언니 사진발 잘 받습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스‘)

[explanations]
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -는 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 넌 : a short form of 너는
* 언닌 : a short form of 언니는

* 사진 : [寫眞] a photograph; a photo ; a picture; [스냅 사진] a snap(shot)
* -발 : (1) A suffix used to mean spirits or power (2) A suffix used to mean an effect

* 사진발 : [Koreans often pronounce as "사진빨] a photographic feature
* -이 : a particle makes 사진발 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* -을 : a particle makes 사진발 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 좋은 : good; great
* (-이/-가) 좋다 : [Pronunciation: 조타] be good; be great

* 잘 : well

* (-을/-를) 받다 : [Pronunciation: 바따] (1) receive (2) suffer
* 받는다 : present tense of 받다

* 사진발이 좋다 = 사진발을 잘 받다 : be so photogebic

* 좋습니다 : 좋(the stem of 좋다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 받습니다 : 받(the stem of 받다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스-' / '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "먼저 접근한 적 있어요?"

먼저 접근한(이) 적 있어요? = 먼저 다가간 적(이) 있어요? : Have you ever made the first move (on a guy)?: Have you asked a guy out?; You ever ask a guy out?

ex #1)

A. 걔가 남자 사귈 땐 그렇게 용감한 줄 몰랐어 : I can’t believe how bold she is with men.

B. 왜? 넌 남자한테 먼저 접근한 적 없어? : Why? Haven’t you ever made the first move?

A. 나? 절대 없지! : Me? Never!

ex #2)

A. 누가 먼저 접근했어? : Who made the first move?

B. 내가 했지 : Me first

ex #3)

A. 누가 누구에게 데이트 신청했어요? : Who asked out whom?

B. 에이미가 톰한테 (데이트 신청) 했지 : Amy asked Tom out

[other expressions]
- 먼저 접근한 적 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 접근한 적 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 접근한 적 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 접근한 적 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 접근한 적 있나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 먼저 접근한 적 있어요? (honourific by '-요')
- 먼저 접근한 적 있는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 먼저 접근한 적 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 먼저 접근한 적 있으셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 먼저 접근한 적 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

- 먼저 다가간 적 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 다가간 적 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 다가간 적 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 다가간 적 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 먼저 다가간 적 있나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 먼저 다가간 적 있어요? (honourific by '-요')
- 먼저 다가간 적 있는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 먼저 다가간 적 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 먼저 다가간 적 있으셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 먼저 다가간 적 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

[explanations]
* 너 / 니 / 네 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -가 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 너가 / 니가 / 네가 / 언니가 : this omitted

* 먼저 : (1) [=앞서서] first; ahead (2) [=우선] first of all; above all; before anything else

* 접근 : [接近] approach; access; approximation
* 접근하다 : [=다가가다]  approach; make an approach ; come close ; draw[come / get] near (2) [=교제하다] (try to) associate with
* 접근한 : past tense of 접근하다 by '-ㄴ'

* 다가가 / 다가가다 : go[come / get] near; approach; step[come] up to; steal up <-- 다가가(approach, appeal to -, turn to -, come near to) + 가다(go)
- 다가가지 않다 : keep[stay] away[aloof] from (a person) / do not go near
- 배후로 몰래 다가가다 : steal up behind a person
- 우리는 산꼭대기에 바짝 다가갔다 : We approached[got close to] the top of the mountain
- 그녀는 그 자동차로 다가갔다 : She walked[stepped] up to the car
* 다가간 : past tense of 다가가다 by '-ㄴ'

* 적 : (1) [=때] the time (when); the occasion (2) [=경험] an experience
- 어릴 적[때]에 : in one's childhood[early days]
- 젊었을 적[때]에 : while one was young
- 그가 왔을 적[때]에는 내가 없었다 : When he came to see me I was away
- 서울에 가 본 적[경험]이 있습니까 : Have you ever been to Seoul?
- 여자가 그런 곳에 간 적[경험]이 있었을까 : Has a woman ever visited such a place? / Is there any precedent for a woman's visiting such a place?
- 그는 경주에서 이긴 적[경험]이 없다 : He has never once won a race

* (-이/-가) 있다 : (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have in the sentence

* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으셔요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있습니까 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -(으)십니까? / -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-시-‘ / ‘-요’

* 걔 : a short form of 그 아이(that child); familiar form for he and she
* -가 : a particle makes 걔 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 그 : that
* 남자 : [男子] [=사내] a man ; man; a male (sex); a gentleman
- 남자의 : male
* -를 : a particle makes 남자 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 사귀다 : [=친하게 되다] make friends ; become[get] acquainted ; strike up a friendship[an acquaintance] ; [=교제하다] keep company with; associate with; hold intercourse with
* 사귈 : future tense of 사귀다 by '-ㄹ'

* 땐 : a short form of 때는
* 때 : when; time
* -는 : a time suffix emphasizes 때

* 그렇게 : [=그러한 정도까지] so; so much; like that

* 용감 : [勇敢] bravery; valor; heroism; gallantry
* 용감한 : brave; courageous; gallant; valiant
* 용감하다 : be brave; be courageous; be gallant; be valiant

* 줄 : : (1) [=방법] how to ; the way (2) [=셈속] (the fact) that
- 요리할 줄 알다 : know how to cook
- 그는 아무 것도 할 줄 모른다 : He is good for nothing
- 그런 일이 있을 줄은 꿈에도 몰랐다 : I never dreamed[Little did I dream] of such a thing. / That was the last thing I expected to happen
- 그는 내일 올 것이니 그런 줄 아시오 : He will come tomorrow, so please be prepared. / Please hear in mind that he is coming tomorrow
- 네가 이것을 쓴 줄을 그가 어찌 알겠는가 : How should he know that you wrote this?

* 알다 : know
* 모르다 : don't know

* -ㄹ 줄 알다 : know how to do
* -ㄹ 줄 모르다 : don't know how to do

* 몰랐다 : past tense of 모르다 by '-았-'
* 몰랐어 : 몰랐(the stem of 몰랐다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 왜 : why

* 넌 : a short form of 너는
* 너 / 니 : you (non-honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 니 / 너 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 남자 : a man
* -한테 = -에게 : to
* 접근한 : 접근하(the stem of 접근하다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and attributive)

* 적 : (1) [=때] the time (when); the occasion (2) [=경험] an experience
- 어릴 적[때]에 : in one's childhood[early days]
- 젊었을 적[때]에 : while one was young
- 그가 왔을 적[때]에는 내가 없었다 : When he came to see me I was away
- 서울에 가 본 적[경험]이 있습니까 : Have you ever been to Seoul?
- 여자가 그런 곳에 간 적[경험]이 있었을까 : Has a woman ever visited such a place? / Is there any precedent for a woman's visiting such a place?
- 그는 경주에서 이긴 적[경험]이 없다 : He has never once won a race

* 있다 : be; exist
* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not; not exist; there is[are] not

* -ㄴ 적 있다 : have an experience
* -ㄴ 적 없다 : don't have an experience

* 있어? : 없(the stem of 없다) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 나! : Me! (non-honourific word)
* 저! : Me! (honourific word)

* 절대 : [絶對] absoluteness
- 절대의 : absolute / positive / unconditional / categorical

* 없지 : 없(the stem of 없다) + -지(A sentence-final ending used when the speaker confirms and says something that the listener thought he/she already knew; A sentence-final ending used when the speaker talks about himself/herself or his/her thoughts in a friendly manner)

* 누가 : who

* 먼저 : (1) [=앞서서] first; ahead (2) [=우선] first of all; above all; before anything else

* 접근했다 : past tense of 접근했다 by '-었-'

* 접근했어? : 접근했(the stem of 접근했다) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 내 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 : I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 제 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 하다 : (1) do (2) approach in the sentence
* 했다 : past tense of 하다
* 했지 : 했(the stem of 했다) + -지(A sentence-final ending used when the speaker confirms and says something that the listener thought he/she already knew; A sentence-final ending used when the speaker talks about himself/herself or his/her thoughts in a friendly manner) 

* 누가 : who; this used as a subject
* 누구 : who
* -에게 = -한테 : to
* 누구한테 = 누구에게 : to whom

* 데이트 : date; going out with
* 데이트하다 : go out with
* -를 : a particle makes 데이트 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 신청 : [申請]  [=제의·제안] a proposal; an offer ; an overture ; [=도전] a challenge ; [=요청·의뢰] a request
* 신청하다 : propose; offer ; make an overture ; lodge[file] ; enter (oneself) for ; challenge ; request ; ask for
* 신청했다 : past tense of 신청하다 by '-았-'

* 신청했어요? : 신청했(the stem of 신청했다) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

2023-06-27

Let's learn about "그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬셔요"

그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬셔요 : He was hitting on me; He was flirting with me; He made a pass at me.

* (이성으로 끌리는 사람에게) 수작을 걸다 : hit on
* (이성과) 시시덕거리다 : flirt with
* ~에게 접근하다 / 수작 걸다 : make a pass at

ex)

A. 어젯밤 그 남자 너무 신사 같지 않았어? : Don’t you think he was such a gentleman last night?

B. 너 그 사람한테 관심 갖지 마라. 에이미한테 작업 걸던데 : Don't pay attention to him. He made a pass at Amy

[other expressions]
- 그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬신다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬시네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬셔. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬시네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬셔요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 남자가 자꾸 날 꼬십니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-시’)

[explanations]
* 그 : that
* 남자 : [男子] [=사내] a man ; man; a male (sex); a gentleman
- 남자의 : male

* -가 : a psrticle makes 남자 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -를 : a particle makes 나 / 저 objective after a word ends in a vowel

* 날 : s short form of 나를; this omitted
* 절 : s short form of 저를; this omitted

* 꼬시다 : .(1) [=이성을 유혹하다] chase, (informal) come on to, (informal) pick up, (informal) hit on, (Brit, inf) chat up (2) [=꼬드기다] tempt (sb to do
sb into doing), coax[cajole] (sb into doing); [달콤한 말로(in sweet words)] wheedle[sweet-talk] (sb into doing)
- 그는 온통 여자 꼬시는 데만 정신이 팔려 있다 : The only thing he's interested in is chasing[picking up] women
- 나는 그를 꼬셔서 군것질을 했다 : I tempted him to have a snack with me

* 꼬신다 : present tense of 꼬시다
* 꼬셨다 : past tense of 꼬시다 by '-였-'

* 꼬셔 : 꼬시(the stem of 꼬시다; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -여(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 꼬셔요 : 꼬시(the stem of 꼬시다; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -여(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 꼬십니다 : 꼬시(the stem of 꼬시다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -십니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘시’ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 이성 : [異性] (1) [=다른 성질] different nature; 『化』 isomerism (2) [=다른 성] the opposite[other] sex
- 이성 관계 : relations with opposite sex
- 이성을 알다 : have one's first sexual experience
* -을 : a particle makes 이성 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 이성 : [異姓] a different surname[family name]
* 이성 : [理性] reason; reasoning power; rationality; Logos

* -으로 / -로 : as

* 끌다 : (1) [=잡아당기다] pull; draw; give a pull; jerk; drag[tug / lug / haul]; tow (2) [=질질 끌다] drag; draggle (3) [=이끌다] lead; guide (4) [=늦추거나 미루다] prolong; protract; delay; draw[drag] out; drag on (5) [=마음을 쏠리게 하다] attract; draw; catch; arrest; win; [=매혹하다] charm; bewitch; fascinate; captivate (6) [=시설하다] lay on ; install

* 끌리다 : passive form of 끌다 by '-리-'; (1) [=당겨지다] be pulled; be drawn ; be tugged; be lugged; be hauled; be dragged; be draggled; be trailed; drag; draggle; trail (2) [=연행·소환되다] be taken to ; be walked off to (3) be attracted; be drawn; [=매혹되다] be charmed; be fascinated; [=감동되다] be moved; be touched ; be touted[enticed / solicited]

* 끌리는 : 끌리(the stem of 끌리다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb attributive)

* 사람 : human being; person
* -에게 : to

* 수작 : [秀作] an excellent[outstanding] work

* 수작 : [酬酌] (1) [=술잔을 주고받음] an exchange of cups of wine (2) [=말을 주고받음] exchanging words; words exchanged; a talk
- 수작하다 : (1) exchange cups of wine (2) exchange remarks[words]; talk back and forth
- 허튼 수작을 하다 : talk nonsense / say silly things

* -을 : a particle makes 수작 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 걸다 : (1) [=매달다] hang ; hook(걸쇠에); suspend; put up; set up (2) [=잠그다] lock; fasten; turn a key; bar[bolt] (3) bet; stake (4) speak to; talk to
- 영어로 말을 걸다 : talk to[address] in English

* (이성에게) 수작(을) 걸다 : court / woo / pay court[one's addresses]

* 이성과 : 이성 + -과(with)

* 시시덕거리다 : chat and giggle; make mirth; flirt; laugh and talk

* -에게 : to
* 접근 : [接近] approach; access; approximation
* 접근하다 : (1) [=가까이 가다] approach; make an approach ; come close ; draw[come / get] near (2) [=교제하다] (try to) associate with

* 어제: yesterday
* 밤 : night
* 어젯밤 : last night <-- 어제 + -ㅅ(a letter inserted between two nouns) + 밤

* 그 남자 : that man; he
* -는 / -가 : a particle makes 그 남자 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 너무 : too much

* 신사 : [紳士] a gentleman ; gentry
-  신사적인 : gentlemanly / gentlemanlike
- 신사인 체하다 : pose as a gentleman / play the gentleman
- 그런 일은 신사의 체면을 손상시킨다 : That would be beneath your dignity as a gentleman
- 그는 전형적인 신사이다 : He is a typical gentleman

* 같다 : (1) be equal to (2 look like
* 같지 : 같(the stem of 같다) + -지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타] be not
* 않았다 : past tense of 않다 by '-았-'
* 않았어? : 않았(the stem of 않았다) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 너 : you (non-honourific wor)

* -한테 = -에게 : to

* 관심 : [關心] interest ; concern
- …에 관심을 끌다 : arouse[awake] one's interest 
- …에 관심을 기울이다 : give thought / take[have] (an) interest 
- 그는 그것에 관심을 나타냈다 : He showed an interest in it
- 그녀는 그런 일에는 아무 관심도[관심조차] 없다 : She has no concern for[have no interest in] that sort of thing
- 나는 정치에는 별로 관심이 없다 : I have little interest in politics
- 그녀는 남의 일에 관심을 갖고 있다 : She is interested in other people's affairs
- 그들은 이 계획에 별로 관심이 없는 것 같다 : They don't seem very enthusiastic about this project. / They seem to be little interested in this plan

* -이 : a particle makes 관심 subjective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] don't have; not exist; there is[are] not
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] have; exist; there is[are]

* …에 관심(을) 갖다 = …에 관심(이) 있다 : be concerned about / take[have] (an) interest in / be interested in
* …에(는) 관심(이) 없다 : be indifferent to / be unconcerned with / care nothing for

* 가지다 / 갖다 : have; carry; own; possess; bear; hold; have a baby; play with (ball, ...)

* 갖지 : 갖(the stem of 갖다) + -지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 말다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] stop
* 마라 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before ㄹ) + -아라/-라(a non-honourific propsitive verb ending suffix)

* 걸던데 : 걸(the stem of 걸다) + -던데(A sentence-final ending used to admire something in the past while anticipating the listener's response)

* -던데요 : an honourific form of -던데 by '-요'

Let's learn about "(언제) 영화 보러 갈래요?"

(언제) 영화 보러 갈래요? : Do you want to go catch a movie?: Would you like to go watch a movie sometime?: Can I take you out for a movie sometime?

* 영화 보러 가다 : catch a movie

ex #1)

A. 언제 영화 보러 갈래요? : Would you like to go watch a movie sometime?

B. 물론이죠 : Sure, I’d love to; I’d like that; Sounds great: Would love that; That would be great

ex #2)

A. 언제 영화나 보러 갈래? : Do you want to go catch a movie sometime?

B. 미안한데, 난 영화 보는 거 안 좋아해 : Sorry, I don’t like watching movies

ex #3)

A. 우리 영화 보러 갈래? : Let's go catch a movie?

B. 생전 안 물어볼 줄 알았어요 / 언제 물어보나 했어요 : I thought you’d never ask

ex #4)

A. 요즘 재미있는 영화 본 거 있어요? : Have you seen any good movies lately?

B. 없어요. 요즘 바빠서 ... : Nope. because I am busy these days

[other expressions]
- (언제) 영화 보러 가자. (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 영화 보러 가. (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 영화 보러 가지. (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 영화 보러 가요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- (언제) 영화 보러 가지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- (언제) 영화 보러 가죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- (언제) 영화 보러 가시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -으시죠 is a short form of -으시지요)
- (언제) 영화 보러 갑시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- (언제) 영화 보러 갈래? (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 영화 보러 갈래요? (honourific by '요')
- (언제) 영화 보러 가실래요? (more honourific by '시')

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -랑 / -랑 : with; this can be replaced by '-와'
* 나랑 / 저랑 / 나와 / 저와 : this omitted

* 언제 : (1) when (2) [=시간이 있으면•시간이 되면] If you have time

* 영화 : [映畵] a film; a moving picture; a movie; <집합적(collective)> the movies; the cinema
* -를 : a particle makes 영화 objective after  word ends in a vowel; this can be omitted

* 보다 : see; look; watch
* 보러 : 보(the stem of 보다) + -러(in order to do)
* 가다 : go

* -에 가다 : go to
* -에 (...을/를) 보러 가다 : go to see something

* 보러 가자 : 보다 + -러(in order to) + 가다; go to see

* 보러 가자 : Let's go to see

* 가자 : 가(the stem of  가다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 가 : 가(the stem of  가다; 가 + -아 contracted into 궈) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 가요 : 가(the stem of  가다; 귀 + -어 contracted into 궈) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 가지요 : 가(the stem of  가다)  + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 가시지요 : 가(the stem of  가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 가십시다 : 가(the stem of  가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시다(a propositive honourific verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")

* 갈래? : 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 갈래요?: 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 가실래요?: 가(the stem of 가다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)+ -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -자 / -어 / -지 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -ㅂ시다 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -읍시다 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~" by '-요' / '-ㅂ'

* 물론 : [勿論] of course; to be sure; undoubtedly; naturally; needless to say
* 이다 : be
* 이죠 : a short form of 이지요
* 이지요 : 이(the stem of  이다)  + -지(a descriptivr verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 영화나 : 영화 + -나(A postpositional particle used to indicate that something or someone includes all of the choices; A postpositional particle used to indicate that someone is well-qualified or becomes the condition for something)

* 미안 : being sorry
* 미안한 : sorry
* 미안하게 : an adverb form of 미안한 by '-게'
* 미안하다 : be sorry

* 미안한데 : 미안하(the stem of 미안하다) + -ㄴ데(A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow)

* 난 : a short form of 나는
* 전 : a short form of 저는

* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)

* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 보는 : 보(the stem of 보다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb attributive)

* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* -를 : a particle makes 거 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* -을 : a particle makes 것 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted
* 거(를) / 것(을) : these can be replaced by 걸

* 안 : this equal to "not" in English
* 좋아하다 : like
* 안 좋아하다 : don't like
* 좋아해 : 좋아하(the stem of 좋아하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)

* 생전 : [生前] (1) [=살아 있는 동안] one's lifetime (2) [=아무리 애써 보아도] for all one's efforts; by no means; on no account; in no way (4) [=전혀] entirely; wholly; quite; completely; totally; altogether; never
- 한국에는 이번이 생전 처음이다 : This is my first visit to Korea
- 생전 해봐라 되는가 : However hard you may try, you will not be able to do it
- 생전 내가 그 집을 사나 봐라 : I wouldn't buy that house on any account
- 생전 모르는 사람 : a total[complete] stranger
- 나는 거기에는 생전 가본 적이 없다 : I have never been there

* 안 : this equal to "not" in English
* 묻다 : [Pronunciation: 묻따] [ㄹ 불규칙] ask
* 물어 : 묻(the stem of 묻다; ㄷ changed into ㄹ before 어) + -어(a connection suffix)

* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) try
* 물어 보다 : try to ask

* 안 물어 보다 : don't (try to) ask

* 볼 : 보(the stem of 보다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)

* 줄 : (1) [=방법] how to ; the way (2) [=셈속] (the fact) that
- 요리할 줄 알다 : know how to cook
- 그는 아무 것도 할 줄 모른다 : He is good for nothing
- 그런 일이 있을 줄은 꿈에도 몰랐다 : I never dreamed[Little did I dream] of such a thing. / That was the last thing I expected to happen
- 그는 내일 올 것이니 그런 줄 아시오 : He will come tomorrow, so please be prepared. / Please hear in mind that he is coming tomorrow
- 네가 이것을 쓴 줄을 그가 어찌 알겠는가 : How should he know that you wrote this?

* 알다 : know
* 알았다 : past tense of 알다 by '-았-'
* 알았어요 : 알았(the stem of 알았다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 언제 : when

* 물어보다 : 묻(the stem of 묻다; ㄷ changed into ㄹ before -어) + -어(a connection suffix) + -보다(try to do); try to ask
* 물어보나 : 물어보(the stem of 물어보다) + -나(A postpositional particle used to indicate that something or someone includes all of the choices; A postpositional particle used to indicate that someone is well-qualified or becomes the condition for something)

* 하다 : (1) do (2) think in the sentence
* 했다 : past tense of 하다 by '-었-'

* 했어요 : 했(the stem of 했다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 요즘 : a short form of 요즈음(these days)

* 재미 : interest
* -있다 : (1) be (2) have

* 재밌는 / 재미있는 : interesting; amusing; funny; entertaining
* 재밌게 / 재미있게 : adverb form of 재미있는
* (-이/-가) 재밌다 / 재미있다 : be interesting; be amusing; be funny; be entertaining
* 재밌었다 / 재미있었다 : past tense of 재미있다 by ‘-었-‘

* 재밌다 : a short form of 재미있다
* 재밌었다 : a short form of 재미있었다

* 영화 : [映畵] a film; a moving picture; a movie; <집합적(collective)> the movies; the cinema
* -를 : a particle makes 영화 objective after  word ends in a vowel; this can be omitted

* 보다 : see; look; watch

* 본 : past tense of 보다 by '-ㄴ'; this is attributive form

* 적 : (1) [=때] the time (when); the occasion (2) [=경험] an experience
- 어릴 적[때]에 : in one's childhood[early days]
- 젊었을 적[때]에 : while one was young
- 그가 왔을 적[때]에는 내가 없었다 : When he came to see me I was away
- 서울에 가 본 적[경험]이 있습니까 : Have you ever been to Seoul?
- 여자가 그런 곳에 간 적[경험]이 있었을까 : Has a woman ever visited such a place? / Is there any precedent for a woman's visiting such a place?
- 그는 경주에서 이긴 적[경험]이 없다 : He has never once won a race

* 있다 : be; exist
* 있어요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not; not exist; there is[are] not

* 없어요 : 없(the stem of 없) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 바쁜 : busy
* 바쁘게 : an adverb form of 바쁜 by '-게'
* 바쁘다 : be busy

* 바빠서 : 바쁘(the stem of 바쁘다; 쁘 + -아 contrcated into 빠) + -아서/-어서(because)

2023-06-26

Let's learn about "나 열 받았어"

나 열 받았어 : I’m pissed off; I’m very very angry

ex)

A: 나 열 받았어 : I’m pissed off

B. 뭔 일 있어? : What's wrong?

A. 이 보고서 내일 아침까지 작성해서 제출하라쟎아! 지금 몇 신데? 퇴근 시간이쟎아...

[other expressions]
- 나 열 받았다. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 열 받았네. (to younger people or friends)
- 나 열 받았어. (to younger people or friends)
- 저 열 받았네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 저 열 받았어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 저 열 받았습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)

* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel: this should be omitted for natural sentence

* 열 : (1) [=10] ten; half a score
- 열 (번)째 : the tenth

* 열 : [熱] (1) [=뜨거운 기운] heat (2) [=신열] (a) temperature; [병으로 인한(from illness)] (a) fever (3) [=화·격분] anger; rage; passion; wrath; indignation (4) [=흥분] heat; ardor; zeal; excitement

- 열을 내다[발생하다] : generate[produce] heat
- 좀처럼 내리지 않는 열 : a lingering fever
- 열이 있다 =열나다 : 
- 열이 높다 : have a high fever[temperature]
- 열을 재다 : take one's[a person's] temperature
- 열을 내리게 하다 : lower[send down] the fever
- 열이 오른다 : My temperature[fever] rises[mounts / heightens / goes up]
- 열이 내린다[가라앉는다] : My temperature falls[goes down]. / My fever breaks[subsides / abates]
- 열이 좀 있군요 : You have a slight[a little] fever. / You are slightly[a little] feverish
- 열은 몇 도입니까 : What is your[my] temperature?
- 환자의 열은 39도 8분입니다 : The temperature of the patient is 39.8[thirty-nine point eight] degrees
- 이제 열은 없습니다 : Your fever is gone. / The fever (has) left you
- 열이 정상으로 돌아왔다 : My temperature returned to normal
- 푹 잤더니 열이 없어졌다 : The fever left me [disappeared] while I was having a good sleep
- 그는 열이 나서 의식이 혼미해져 있다 : He is delirious with feve
- 열에 받혀 때리다 : strike in (the heat of) passion [spurred by anger]
- 경기는 점점 열을 더해 갔다 : The game heated up
- 그는 점점 이야기에 열을 올리기 시작했다 : He was waxing warm[gradually warmed up] to his subject

* -을 : a particle makes 열 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 받다 : recieve
* 받았다 : past tense of 받다 by '-았-'

* 열(을) 받다 : got angry

* 받았습니다 : 받았(the stem of 받았다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -군! / -구나! : a non-honourific exclamatory verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 / -군! + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘스’ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 뭔 일 있어? : a short form of 무슨 일이 있어?

* 뭔 / 무슨 : what

* 일 : (1) work (2) task (3) problem in the sentence
* -이 : a particle makes 일 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 있다 : be; exist; have; there is[are]

* [-이/-가] 있어? : Do you have ~?; 있(the stem of 있다) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 이 : this
* 보고서 : [報告書] a (written) report
* -를 : a particle makes 보고서 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 내일 : [來日] [=명일] tomorrow

* 아침 : morning
* -까지 : until; up to

* 작성 : [作成] writing out
* 작성하다 : make (out); prepare; frame; draw up; write out
* 작성해서 : 작성하(the stem of 작성하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어서/-아서(and then)

* 제출 : [提出] presentation; introduction
* 제출하다 : present; introduce; submit; lay[bring] ; offer; advance; lodge[file] ; tender; produce; bring forward; pose ; give[send / hand] in; turn in
- 신청서를 제출하다 : present an application
- 보고서를 제출하다 : submit a report
- 예산을 제출하다 : introduce the budget

* 제출하라잖아 : 제출하(the stem of 제출하다) + -라(A postpositional particle used to indicate that the preceding statement was a quote) + 잖아(this expresses certainty or his insistence to carry one’s point or opinion)

* 지금 : [只今]1 the present; the present day[time]; this time[moment]; now
* -이 : a particle makes 지금 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 몇 : what
* 시 : time
* -이다 : be
* -인데 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ데(A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow)

* 퇴근 : [退勤] leaving one's office[work]
* 퇴근하다 : leave the office; come[go] home from work; finish one's daily work and leave (the office)
* 퇴근 시간 : the closing hour
* 퇴근 시간이잖아 : 퇴근 시간 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -잖아(this expresses certainty or his insistence to carry one’s point or opinion)

* -잖아(요) : this expresses certainty or his insistence to carry one’s point or opinion

* About -잖아요 see this site : https://www.howtostudykorean.com/upper-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-4-lessons-84-91/lesson-90/

example) 

(1) -있잖아 / -있잖니 : guess what : I’ll tell you what

(2) 걔가 했다고 했잖아(요) or 그 애가 했다고 내가 분명히 말했다 : I’m sure he did. / I said to you that he did

(3) 내가 확실히 말했잖아요 or 내가 분명히 얘기 했잖아요 : I'm sure I told you

Let's learn about "나랑 사귈래요?"

나랑 사귈래요? : Will you go out with me?; I’d like to go out with you; Will you be my boyfriend?; I’d like you to be my boyfriend; Want to go steady?

ex)

A. 너랑 사귀고 싶어 : I’d like to go out with you.

B. 왜 나야? : Why me?

A. 좋아하니까 그러지. 넌 정말 멋있는 것 같아 : Because I like you. I think you’re so cool

[other expressions]
- 나랑 사귀자. (to younger people or friends)
- 나랑 사궈. (to younger people or friends)
- 나랑 사귀지. (to younger people or friends)
- 저랑 사궈요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 저랑 사귀지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 저랑 사귀죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 저랑 사귀시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -으시죠 is a short form of -으시지요)
- 저랑 사귑시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 나랑 사귈래? (to younger people or friends)
- 저랑 사귈래요? (honourific by '요')
- 저랑 사귀실래요? (more honourific by '시')

[explanations]
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -랑 / -랑 : with

* 사귀다 : [=친하게 되다] make friends ; become[get] acquainted ; strike up a friendship[an acquaintance] ; [=교제하다] keep company with; associate with; hold intercourse with
- 남자[여자]를 사귀다 : become involved with a man[woman] / have[take] a lover[mistress]
- 그는 사귀기 좋은 사람이다 : He is easy to get along with. / [=상냥하다] He is an affable man
- 그는 친구를 빨리 사귄다 : He is quick to make friends

* 사귄다 : present form of 사귀다 by '-ㄴ'
* 사귀기 : a noun form of 사귀다 by '-기'

* 사귀자 : 사귀(the stem of  사귀다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 사궈 : 사귀(the stem of  사귀다; 귀 + -어 contracted into 궈) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 사궈요 : 사귀(the stem of  사귀다; 귀 + -어 contracted into 궈) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 사귀지요 : 사귀(the stem of  사귀다)  + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 사귀시지요 : 사귀(the stem of  사귀다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 사귑시다 : 사귀(the stem of  사귀다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시다(a propositive honourific verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")

* 사귈래? : 사귀(the stem of 사귀다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 사귕래요?: 사귀(the stem of 사귀다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 사귀실래요?: 사귀(the stem of 사귀다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)+ -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -자 / -어 / -지 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -ㅂ시다 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -읍시다 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~" by '-요' / '-ㅂ'

* 사귀고 : 사귀(the stem of 사귀다) + -고(in order to do)

* (-고) 싶다 : [Pronunciation: 십따] want to do; hope
* 싶어 : [Pronunciation: 시퍼] 싶(the stem of 싶다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 왜 : why

* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* 저 : I (honourific word)
* -이다 : be

* 나야? : 나 + -(이)야(a non-honourific interrogative form of 이다)
* 저예요? : 저 + 예?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 좋아하다 : like
* 좋아하니까 : 좋아하(the stem of 좋아하다) + -니/-니까(because; because of)

* 그렇다 = 그러하다 : be such
* 그러지 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다; ㅎ erased befor 지) + -지(A sentence-final ending used when the speaker talks about himself/herself or his/her thoughts in a friendly manner; A sentence-final ending used when the speaker confirms and says something that the listener thought he/she already knew)

* 넌 : a short form of 너는
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 너 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 정말 / 정말로 : really; so much

* 멋있다 : [=풍치 있다] tasty; tasteful; elegant; fine; chic; [=맵시 있다] fashionable; stylish; smart; smartish; gallant
- 멋있는 녀석[차]  : a cool[groovy / neat] guy[car]

* 멋있는 : 멋있(the stem of 멋있다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb attributive)

* 거 / 것 : a thing

* 같다 : (1) be equal to (2) look like; I think that ~; we think that ~

* -는/-은/-ㄴ 거 같다 = * -는/-은/-ㄴ 것 같다 : look like; I think that ~; we think that ~

Let's learn about "이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가요?"

이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가요? : Where are you going for this holiday?

ex)

A. 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가요? : Where are you going for this holiday?

B. 네. 저는 한국을 방문할 계획이에요 : Yes. I am planning to visit Korea

[other expressions]
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가니? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가나? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가냐? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가는가? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가는지? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가는가요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가세요? (more honourific by '시-')
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가셔요? (more honourific by '시-')
- 이번 휴가에 어디(에) 가십니까? (more honourific by '시-')

[explanations]
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -는 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 넌 : a short form of 너는
* 언닌 : a short form of 언니는

* 이번 : [이番] [=금번] this time; [=현재] now; [=다음번] next time; [=머지않아] shortly; soon; [=최근] recently; lately

* 휴가 : [休暇] a holiday; a vacation; time off; [=말미] a leave of absence; (a) furlough
* -에 : a time suffix

* 어디 : where
* -에 : a place suffix; this can be replaced by '-로'(to)

* 가다 : go

* 가? : 가(the stem of 가다; 가 + -아 contracted into 해) + -아?(a non-honourific interrogative  verb ending suffix)
* 가요? : 가(the stem of 가다; 가 + -아 contracted into 해) + -아?(an interrogative  verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가세요? : 가(the stem of 가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative  verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가셔요? : 가(the stem of 가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여?(an interrogative  verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 가십니까? : 가(the stem of 가다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific  interrogative  verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -어? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? : a non-honourific interrogative  verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -어? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -은지? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -은지? +  -요 : an honourific ending suffix
* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -(으)십니까? / -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific  interrogative  verb ending suffix by ‘시-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’ / ‘-요’

* 네 : yes

* 저 : I (honourific word)
* 나 : I (non-honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 한국 : south korea
* -에 : a place suffix; this can be replaced by '-로'(to)

* 갈 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)

* 계획 : [計劃] a plan ; a project; a scheme; a design
* 이다 : be

* -ㄹ 계획이다 : be planning to do; be goint to do

* -이에요 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다

2023-06-24

Let's learn about "오늘 저녁에 시간 있어요?"

오늘 저녁에 시간 있어요? : Are you free tonight?

ex #1)

A. 저녁을 사 드리고 싶은데, 오늘 저녁에 시간 있으세요?
:  I’d like to take you out for dinner. Are you free tonight?

B. 오늘 저녁은 안 되겠는데요. 내일 저녁은 어때요? : Tonight is not good. How about tomorrow night?

ex #2)

A. 오늘 저녁에 뭐 해요? 저녁을 사 드리고 싶은데 ... : What are you doing tonight?; You doing anything tonight? I’d like to take you out for dinner

B. 죄송해요. 오늘 약속 있어요 : I'm sorry. I have an appointment today

ex #3)

A. 언제 저녁을 사 드릴 수 있을까요? : Could I take you out for dinner sometime?

B. 네. 다음 주말에 하시죠 = 네. 다음 주말에 저녁 같이 하시죠 : Yes. Let's have dinner together next weekend

[other expressions]
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있어요? (honourific by '-요')
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있으셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 오늘 저녁에 시간 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

[explanations]
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -는 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 오늘 : today
* 저녁 : evening
* 밤 : night
* -에 : a time suffix

* 시간 : [時間] (1) [=시간을 세는 단위(a unit counts time)] an hour (2) [=시각] time (3) [수업·근무·휴식 등의(of classes, work, rest, etc)] hours; [=수업 시간] school hours (4)
* -이 : a particle makes 시간 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* (-이/-가) 있다 : (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have in the sentence

* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으셔요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있습니까 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -(으)십니까? / -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-시-‘ / ‘-요’

* 저녁 : (1) evening (2) [=저녁 식사] dinner in the sentence
* -을 : a particle makes 저녁 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 사다 : buy

* 주다 : give
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다

* 사 드리다 : 사(the stem of 사다; 사 + -아 contracted into 사) + -아(a suffix makes a verb attributive; this means "after doing"); this means "buy for; buy somone something)

* 드리고 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -고(in order to do)

* (-고) 싶다 : want; hope
* 싶은데 : 싶(the stem of 싶다) + -은데/-는데/-ㄴ데(A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow)

* 안 : a word makes a verb follows negative; this equal to "not" in English

* 되다 : (1) become (2) can be in the sentence

* 안 되다 : (1) be unable to do; can't; it is impossible (1) be not in the sentence
* 안 되는데요 : 안 되(the stem of 되다) + -는데/-은데/-ㄴ데(A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 내일 : tomorrow

* 저녁은 : 저녁 + -은(a particle makes 저녁 the topic of the setence after a word ends in a consonant

* 어떻다 = 어떠하다 : a short form of 어떠하다(be how)
* 어때요? : 어떻(the stem of 어떻다; ㅎ erased and 떠 + -어 contracted into 때) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 저녁에 : 저녁 + -에(a time suffix)

* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what)
* -를 : a particle makes 뭐 objective after word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* -을 : a particle makes 무엇 objective after word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 하다 : do
* -해요? : 하(the stem of 하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
 
* 죄송 : being sorry
* 죄송한 : sorry
* 죄송하다 : be sorry
* 죄송해요 : 죄송하(the stem of 죄송하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 약속 : promise; (만남의) appointment, engagement; (공적인) pledge; (협정) agreement, promise, make a(n) promise[appointment] (with); (공적으로) pledge
- 약속을 지키다 : keep one's promise[appointment]

* -이 : a suffix 약속 the topic of the sentence after a word ends a consonant; when this omitted, the sentence is more natural

* (-이/-가) 있다 : be; exist; have
* 있어요 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 언제 : (1) when (2) [=시간이 있으면•시간이 되면] If you have time

* 사다 : buy

* 주다 : give
* 드리다 : an honourific form of 주다

* 사 드리다 : 사(the stem of 사다; 사 + -아 contracted into 사) + -아(a suffix makes a verb attributive; this means "after doing"); this means "buy for; buy somone something)

* 드릴 : 드리(the stem of 드리다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)

* 수 : a way; a method
* -가[이] 있다 : there is[are]; exist; have
* 수(가) 있다 : have a way to do; have a method to do; be able to do; can do

* -ㄹ 수(가) 있다 / -이[가] 가능하다 : know how to do; can do; be able to do

* 있을까요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -까?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + 요(an honourific ending suffix)
 
* 응 : yes (non-honourific word)
* 네 : yes (honourific word)

* 다음 : next

* 주말 : [週末] the weekend <-- 주(week) + 말(end)
* -에 : a time suffix

* 같이 : togather

* 하다 : do

* 저녁(을) 같이 하다 : have dinner together

2023-06-22

Let's learn about "만나는 사람 있어요?"

만나는 사람 있어요? : Are you seeing anyone?; Do you have boyfriend/girlfriend?; Are you dating anyone at the moment?; Are you available?; Do you have a significant other?; Are you taken?

* (애인, 남편, 아내 등) 중요한 다른 한 사람 : significant other

ex)

A. 누구 만나는 분 있어요? : Are you seeing anyone?

B. 그렇진 않은데, 왜요? : Not exactly. Why?

A. 언제 저랑 데이트하실 의향이 있는지 궁금해서요. : I was just wondering if you’d like to go out with me sometime

[other expressions]
- 만나는 사람 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 만나는 사람 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 만나는 사람 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 만나는 사람 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 만나는 사람 있나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 만나는 사람 있어요? (honourific by '-요')
- 만나는 사람 있는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 만나는 사람 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 만나는 사람 있으셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 만나는 사람 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

[explanations]
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -는 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 만나다 : meet
* 만나는 : 만나(the stem of 만나다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb present tense and attributive)

* 사람 : human being; person (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being; person (honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 사람 / 분 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 있다 : (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have in the sentence

* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으셔요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있습니까 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -(으)십니까? / -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-시-‘ / ‘-요’

* 애인 : [愛人] a lover
* 남편 : [男便] a husband; one's man <-- 남(man) + 편(side)
* 아내 : wife
* 등 : (1) the back (2) [=…따위] and the like; and so forth[on]; et cetera; etc.); and such like ; and what not

* 중요 : [重要] importance
* 중요한 : importanct
* 중요하다 : be importanct

* 다른 : (1) different (2) other(s); another

* 한 : one
* 사람 : human being; person (non-honourific word)

* 누구 : who; anyone

* 그렇진 : a short form of 그렇지는
* 그렇다 = 그러하다 : be such
* 그렇지는 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다) + -지(지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance) + -는(a suffix emphasizes 그렇지)

* (-지/-지는 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타] be not

* 않은데 : 않(the stem of 않다) + -은데/-는데/-ㄴ데(A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow)

* 왜? : why?
* 왜요? : 왜? + -요(an honourific ending suffix)


* 언제 : (1) when (2) [=시간이 있으면•시간이 되면] If you have time

* 나 : I (non-honourific word); me (with -랑)
* 저 : I (honourific word); me (with -랑)

* 데이트(하다) = 데이트(를) 하다 : go out with
* 데이트할 : 데이트하(the stem of 데이트하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)

* 의향 : [意向] [=의도] an intention; [=생각] an idea; views; [=소망] wishes
- 의향을 비치다 : disclose one's intention
- 의향을 타진하다 : sound opinion[views]
- 상대방의 의향을 알아봐 주시겠습니까 : Could you sound out the other party's intentions for me? / May I ask you to find out what the other party intends to do?
- 이 문제에 대한 당신의 의향은 어떤 것입니까 : What are your views on this question?
- 나는 부모의 의향에 따라 대학 진학을 포기했다 : Obeying my parents' wishes, I gave up the idea of entering a university
- 그를 만날[결혼할] 의향은 없습니다 : I have no intention of seeing him[getting married]

* -이 : a particle makes 의향 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* (-이/-가/-은/-는) 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] don't have; not exist; there is[are] not
* (-이/-가/-은/-는) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] have; exist; there is[are]

* 있는지 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -는지/-은지/-ㄴ지(A connective ending used to indicate an ambiguous reason or judgment about the following statement; A sentence-final ending used to indicate a vague doubt)

* 궁금한 : anxious[worried / concerned / nervous] 
* 궁금하다 : (1) be anxious[worried / concerned / nervous] ; (2) feel wonder[curious / curiosity]; wonder
- 소식이 궁금하다 : be anxious to hear from
- 시험 결과가 궁금하다 : be worried about the result of the examination
- 무슨 일이 일어났는지 궁금하다 : I wonder what happened
- 그들의 안부가 궁금하다 : I am anxious to know how they are

* 궁금해서요 : 궁금하(the stem of 궁금하다: 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어서/-아서(A connective ending used for a reason or cause; because) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let's learn about "차/커피 한잔 할래요?"

차/커피 한잔 할래요? : Care for a cup of tea?; Do you have time for a cup of coffee?

(언제) 술 한잔 할래요? : Would you like to go out for a drink?; Could I buy you a drink sometime?

ex)

A. 언제 술이나 한잔 하실래요? : Would you like to go out for a drink sometime?

B. 좋아요 : Sure. That sounds wonderful

[other expressions]
- 차/커피 한잔 하자. (to younger people or friends)
- 차/커피 한잔 해. (to younger people or friends)
- 차/커피 한잔 하지. (to younger people or friends)
- 차/커피 한잔 해요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 차/커피 한잔 하지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 차/커피 한잔 하죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 차/커피 한잔 하시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 차/커피 한잔 하시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -으시죠 is a short form of -으시지요)
- 차/커피 한잔 합시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- (언제) 술 한잔 할래? (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 술 한잔 할래요? (honourific by '요')
- (언제) 술 한잔 하실래요? (more honourific by '시')

- (언제) 술 한잔 하자. (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 술 한잔 해. (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 술 한잔 하지. (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 술 한잔 해요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- (언제) 술 한잔 하지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- (언제) 술 한잔 하죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- (언제) 술 한잔 하시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- (언제) 술 한잔 하시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -으시죠 is a short form of -으시지요)
- (언제) 술 한잔 합시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- (언제) 술 한잔 할래? (to younger people or friends)
- (언제) 술 한잔 할래요? (honourific by '요')
- (언제) 술 한잔 하실래요? (more honourific by '시')

[explanations]
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)

* 언제 : when

* 차 : (1) [茶] tea (2) [差] difference; variance (3) [車] [=탈 것] a vehicle; a carriage; a conveyance; [=자동차] a motorcar; an automobile; a car; [=택시] a taxi; a van; a wagon; a lorry; [=트럭] a truck

* 술 : (1) [=취하는 음료] liquor; alcoholic drink; an intoxicant; wine; spirits (2) [=분량] a spoonful; a small quantity[amount] (3) a tassel; a tuft; a fringe
- 술이 있는[달린] : tassel(l)ed / tufted / fringed
- 술(이) 달린 모자 : a cap with a tassel (on it)
- 술(이) 달린 기 : a tassel(l)ed flag
- 술(이) 달린 커튼 : a fringed[tassel(l)ed] curtain
- 술을 달다 : tasse

* 한 : one
* 잔 : [盞] a cup; a glass; a teacup(찻잔); [술잔] a winecup; a wineglass
* 한잔 : a cup of something
* 하다 : do
* (술/드링크/술/커피) 한잔 하다 : drink a cup of tea / drink / alcohol / coffee

* 하자 : 하(the stem of  하다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 해 : 하(the stem of  하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 해요 : 하(the stem of  하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 하지요 : 하(the stem of  하다)  + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 하시지요 : 하(the stem of  하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 합시다 : 하(the stem of  하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시다(a propositive honourific verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")

* 할래? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 할래요?: 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 하실래요?: 하(the stem of 하다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)+ -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -자 / -어 / -지 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -ㅂ시다 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -읍시다 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~" by '-요' / '-ㅂ'

* 술이나 : 술 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -나(A postpositional particle used to indicate that something or someone includes all of the choices; A postpositional particle used to indicate that someone is well-qualified or becomes the condition for something)

* 좋아요  : 좋(the stem of 좋다: good; nice; okay) + -아(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

2023-06-21

그런 사람 또 없습니다 - 이승철

그런 사람 또 없습니다 - 이승철

(No one else / There Is No Other Person Like That by Lee Seung Chul)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9U7ulA9Mw4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntPjSDNTwu4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHe8kEDOzaA


[English Translation #1]


천번이고 다시 태어난대도

Even if i'm reborn a thousand more times


그런 사람 또 없을테죠

There wouldn't be another person like you Mm~


슬픈 내 삶을 따뜻하게 해 줄

The person who would warm up my sad life

참 고마운 사람입니다


I'm grateful for that person


그런 그댈 위해서, 나의 심장쯤이야, 얼마든 아파도 좋은데

For that person, my heart could Hurt indefinitely


사랑이란 그 말은 못해도

Even if i can't tell that i love you, the fact that I'm


먼 곳에서 이렇게 바라만 보아도 모든걸 줄 수 있어서, 사랑할 수 있어서

Able to look at you from a distance, give you everything and love you


난 슬퍼도 행복합니다

Even if i'm sad, i'm happy


나 태어나 처음 가슴 떨리는


That would make my chest shake with anticipation like this


이런 사랑 또 없을테죠


There is no other love in the world


몰래 감춰둔 오랜 기억속에

My one love that i've hidden so far within my memories


단 하나의 사랑입니다, 그런 그댈 위해서

For a person like you, i could endure

아픈 눈물쯤이야 얼마든 참을 수 있는데


Painful tears indefinitely


사랑이란 그 말은 못해도

Even if i can't tell that i love you, the fact that I'm


먼 곳에서 이렇게 바라만 보아도, 모든걸 줄 수 있어서 사랑할 수 있어서

Able to look at you from a distance, give you everything and love you

난 슬퍼도 행복합니다


Even if i'm sad, i'm happy


아무것도 바라지 않아도

I don't want anything else except


그대 웃어준다면 난 행복할텐데

Your laughter. with it, I'll be happy


사랑은 주는거니까 그저 주는거니까

Because love is all about giving, just about giving

난 슬퍼도 행복합니다

So even if i'm sad, i'm happy


 

[English Translation #2]


Lee Seung Chul - No One Else


Even though I was born a thousand times

There won't be anyone like you again

Someone like you who will make warm my sad life

Thank you very much.

And for you, my heart

Could be hurt definitely.


Even if I can't say that I love you

I will still look at you from afar

To give you everything that I have

Even though I am sad, I am happy...


It was the first time my heart shaking since born

There is no such love, not ever!


It's the only love that I've buried very deep in my memories.

So for you, all of those painful tears

I could resist them forever.


Even if I can't say that I love you

I will still look at you from afar

To give you everything that I have

Even though I am sad, I am happy...


I don't want anybody else

Only your smile can make me feel happy

Because love is about giving

So I am just giving

Even if I am sad, I am happy...


잊었니? - 이승철

잊었니? - 이승철 


- 신들의 만찬 OST(Feast Of The God OST)

- Did you forget me? by Lee Seung-Cheol


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FfEpZ4elESA (이승철)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-BB2ZmHvzU&t=4s (Romanization Lyrics)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DhJ0w4fjws (이승철 English Lyrics)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cOofAFilCVI (이승철 Lyrics)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tc966AcrO0E (김유하)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ji1OXdMYcog (소향)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dwt_-PPlK4s (소향 Lyrics)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhzzePyJdys (오! 삼광빌라 OST: Homemade Love Story OST Part 9)


잊었니 날 잊어버렸니

그 수많은 추억들은

잊어 버렸니

가슴은 널 향해 팔 벌려


오늘도 간신히 버티고 있는데

추억이 점점 빛 바래 가면

너와 거닐던 길에 우두커니 서

지우고 또 지우려 해도


니숨결 목소리가 귓가에 들려

잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

아직 난 널 기다리잖아

사랑이 또 울고 있잖아



가슴엔 늘 눈물이 고여

지워도 자꾸 지우려 해도

그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요

잊었니 날 잊어버렸니



수많은 추억들은

잊어 버렸니

가슴은 널 향해 팔 벌려

오늘도 간신히 버티고 있는데


잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

아직난 널 기다리잖아

사랑이 또 울고 있잖아

가슴엔 늘 눈물이 고여


잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

아직난 널 기다리잖아

사랑이 또 울고 있잖아

가슴엔 늘 눈물이 고여


지워도 자꾸 지우려 해도

그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요

지워도 자꾸 지우려 해도

그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요


그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요


[Romanization Lyrics]


잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

i-jeonni nal i-jeo beo-ryeonni


그 수많은 추억들은 잊어 버렸니

gu soo-ma-nun choo-eog-du-run i-jeo beo-ryeonni


가슴은 널 향해 팔 벌려

ga-su-mun neol hyang-hae pal beol-ryeo


오늘도 간신히 버티고 있는데

o-nul-do gan-sin-hi beo-ti-go innun-de


추억이 점점 빛 바래 가면

choo-eo-gi jeom-jeom bit ba-rae ga-myeon


너와 거닐던 길에 우두커니 서

neo-oa geo-nil-deon gi-re oo-doo-keo-ni seo


지우고 또 지우려 해도

ji-oo-go ddo ji-oo-ryeo hae-do


니 숨결 목소리가 귓가에 들려

ni soom-gyeol mog-so-ri-ga gwit-ga-e dul-ryeo


잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

i-jeonni nal i-jeo beo-ryeonni


아직 난 널 기다리잖아

a-jig nan neol gi-da-ri-ja-na


사랑이 또 울고 있잖아

sa-rang-i ddo ool-go it-ja-na


가슴엔 늘 눈물이 고여

ga-su-men nul noon-moo-ri go-yeo


지워도 자꾸 지우려 해도

ji-wo-do ja-koo ji-oo-ryeo hae-do


그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요

gu-dae eol-goo-ri ja-koo ddeo-o-ru-ne-yo


잊었니 날 잊어버렸니

i-jeonni nal i-jeo-beo-ryeonni


그 수많은 추억들은 잊어 버렸니

gu soo-ma-nun choo-eog-du-run i-jeo beo-ryeonni


가슴은 널 향해 팔 벌려

ga-su-mun neol hyang-hae pal beol-ryeo


오늘도 간신히 버티고 있는데

o-nul-do gan-sin-hi beo-ti-go innun-de



잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

i-jeonni nal i-jeo beo-ryeonni


아직난 널 기다리잖아

a-jing-nan neol gi-da-ri-ja-na


사랑이 또 울고 있잖아

sa-rang-i ddo ool-go it-ja-na


가슴엔 늘 눈물이 고여

ga-su-men nul noon-moo-ri go-yeo


잊었니 날 잊어 버렸니

i-jeonni nal i-jeo beo-ryeonni


아직난 널 기다리잖아

a-jing-nan neol gi-da-ri-ja-na


랑이 또 울고 있잖아

rang-i ddo ool-go it-ja-na


가슴엔 늘 눈물이 고여

ga-su-men nul noon-moo-ri go-yeo


지워도 자꾸 지우려해도

ji-wo-do ja-koo ji-oo-ryeo-hae-do


그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요

gu-dae eol-goo-ri ja-koo ddeo-o-ru-ne-yo


지워도 자꾸 지우려해도

ji-wo-do ja-koo ji-oo-ryeo-hae-do


그대 얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요

gu-dae eol-goo-ri ja-koo ddeo-o-ru-ne-yo


그대얼굴이 자꾸 떠오르네요

gu-dae-eol-goo-ri ja-koo ddeo-o-ru-ne-yo


[ㄷEnglish Translation]


Did you forget? Did you forget me

All those memories

Did you forget

My heart is open to you


I'm barely holding out today

As the memories fade away

I was walking around with you

Even if I try to erase it again


I can hear your breathing voice

Did you forget? Did you forget me

I'm still waiting for you

Love is crying again



My heart is always filled with tears

Even if I try to erase it

I keep thinking about your face

Did you forget? Did you forget me



A lot of memories

Did you forget

My heart is open to you

I'm barely holding out today


Did you forget? Did you forget me

I'm still waiting for you

Love is crying again

My heart is always filled with tears


Did you forget? Did you forget me

I'm still waiting for you

Love is crying again

My heart is always filled with tears


Even if I try to erase it

I keep thinking about your face

Even if I try to erase it

I keep thinking about your face


I keep thinking about your face 

Let's learn about "언제 데이트나 할래요?"

언제 데이트나 할래요? : Would you like to go out on a date?; I’d like to take you out sometime; Can I ask you out sometime?; Would it be okay if I asked you out sometime?; Hey, do you wanna hang out together?

오늘 저녁에 데이트 할래요? : Would you like to go out on a date tonight?; Can I take you out tonight?

* ~에게 데이트를 신청하다 : take ~ out; ask ~ out

[other expressions]
- 언제 데이트나 하자. (to younger people or friends)
- 언제 데이트나 해. (to younger people or friends)
- 언제 데이트나 하지. (to younger people or friends)
- 언제 데이트나 해요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 언제 데이트나 하지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 언제 데이트나 하죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 언제 데이트나 하시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 언제 데이트나 하시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -으시죠 is a short form of -으시지요)
- 언제 데이트나 합시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 언제 데이트나 할래? (to younger people or friends)
- 언제 데이트나 할래요? (honourific by '요')
- 언제 데이트나 하실래요? (more honourific by '시')

- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하자. (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 해. (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하지. (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 해요. (honourific by ‘요’)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -죠 is a short form of -지요)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -으시죠 is a short form of -으시지요)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 합시다. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 할래? (to younger people or friends)
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 할래요? (honourific by '요')
- 오늘 저녁에 데이트 하실래요? (more honourific by '시')

[explanations]
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)

* 언제 : when

* 데이트(하다) = 데이트(를) 하다 : go out with
* 데이트나 : 데이트 + -나(A postpositional particle used to indicate that something or someone includes all of the choices; A postpositional particle used to indicate that someone is well-qualified or becomes the condition for something)

* 하자 : 하(the stem of  하다) + -자(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 해 : 하(the stem of  하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")
* 해요 : 하(the stem of  하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 하지요 : 하(the stem of  하다)  + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 하시지요 : 하(the stem of  하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 합시다 : 하(the stem of  하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시다(a propositive honourific verb ending suffix means "Let's ~")

* 할래? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 할래요?: 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 하실래요?: 하(the stem of 하다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)+ -래?(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -자 / -어 / -지 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~"
* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -ㅂ시다 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -읍시다 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Let's ~" by '-요' / '-ㅂ'

* -에게 : to
* 데이트를 : 데이트 + -를(a particle makes 데이트 objective after a word ends in a vowel)

* 신청 : [申請] (1) [=제의·제안] a proposal; an offer ; an overture ; [=도전] a challenge ; [=요청·의뢰] a request (2) [=출원·지원·응모] application ; [=출자·기부의 약속] subscription
- 결혼 신청을 하다 : make a marriage proposal[a proposal of marriage]
- 신청은 본인이 본사로 하십시오  :Apply to the head office personally[in person]
- 여자 마라톤 대회에 1000명의 참가 신청이 있었다 : There were a thousand entries for the women's marathon
- 신청이 쏟아져 들어왔다 : Applications came pouring in. / We were flooded with applications

* 신청하다 : (1) propose; offer ; make an overture ; lodge[file] ; enter (oneself) for ; challenge ; request ; ask for (2) apply[make an application] ; file an application ; put in ; subscribe ; send a subscription ; reserve
- 그는 영사관에 비자 발급을 신청했다 : He applied to the consulate for a visa
- 그는 그 제안에 이의를 신청했다 : He raised an objection to the proposal
- 그는 3개월의 휴가를 신청했다 : He asked[applied] for a three months' leave of absence
- 그는 자기의 요구 사항을 철회한다고 신청했다  :He proposed to withdraw his demands
- 그는 메리에게 결혼을 신청했다  :He proposed (marriage) to Mary
- 그들은 사장에게 면회를 신청했다 : They requested an interview with the president.
- 본인이 직접 또는 서신으로 신청해도 된다 : You may apply in person or by letter
- 나는 그 잡지의 정기 구독을 신청했다 : I took out a subscription to the magazine
- 나는 그 호텔에서 가장 좋은 방을 신청했다 : I reserved the best room in the hotel
- 사무실에 신청하십시오 Ask at the office

* 나는 오늘 그녀애게 프로포즈했다 = 나는 오늘 그녀에게 결혼을 신청했다 : I asked her to marry me today; I proposed (marriage) to her

Let's learn about "넌 눈이 너무 높아"

넌 눈이 너무 높아 : You’re so picky!; Your standards are too high: Be willing to compromise; You’re being too stuck up; Stop being so snobby.

네가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없어 : What you want doesn’t exist

까다롭게 굴지 마 : Don’t be so fussy

눈만 낮추면 성공할 거야 : If you simply lower your standards, you will be successful

* 타협하다 / 절충하다 : compromise
* 오만한 / 거드름 피우는 : stuck up
* 거만한 / 오만한 : snobby

ex)

A. 지금까지 데이트한 사람이 단 한 명뿐이라니 믿을 수가 없구나 : I can’t believe you’ve dated only one person in your whole life.

B. 내가 눈이 너무 높은 걸 어쩌겠니? : Can I help it if my standards are really high?

[other expressions]
- 넌 눈이 너무 높다. (to younger people or friends)
- 넌 눈이 너무 높네. (to younger people or friends)
- 넌 눈이 너무 높아. (to younger people or friends)
- 언닌 눈이 너무 높네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 언닌 눈이 너무 높아요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 언닌 눈이 너무 높습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

- 네가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없다. (to younger people or friends)
- 네가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없네. (to younger people or friends)
- 네가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없어. (to younger people or friends)
- 언니가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 언니가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없어요. (honourific by '-요')
- 언니가 찾는 그런 사람은 세상에 없습니다.. (formal; more honourific by '스-')

- 까다롭게 굴지 마. (to younger people or friends)
- 까다롭게 굴지 마라. (to younger people or friends)
- 까다롭게 굴지 말아. (to younger people or friends)
- 까다롭게 굴지 말래. (to younger people or friends)
- 까다롭게 굴지 마요. (honourific by '요')
- 까다롭게 굴지 말래요. (honourific by '요')
- 까다롭게 굴지 말아요. (honourific by '요')
- 까다롭게 굴지 마실래요. (more honourific by '시')
- 까다롭게 굴지 마세요. (more honourific by '시')
- 까다롭게 굴지 마셔요. (more honourific by '시')
- 까다롭게 굴지 마십시오. (formal; more honourific by '시')
- 까다롭게 굴지 마시겠어요. (more honourific by '시')
- 까다롭게 굴지 마시겠습니까? (more honourific by '시')

- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 거다. (to younger people or friends)
- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 거야. (to younger people or friends)
- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 거예요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 겁니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 것이다. (to younger people or friends)
- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 것이야. (to younger people or friends)
- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 것이에요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 눈만 낮추면 성공할 것입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

[explanations]
* 너 / 네 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -는 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* -가 : a particle makes 네 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 넌 : a short form of 너는
* 언닌 : a short form of 언니는

* 눈 : eye
* -이 : a particle makes 눈 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 높은 : high
* 높다 : [Pronunciation: 놉따] be high

* 높습니다 : 높(the stem of 높다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 찾다 : find
* 찾는 : 찾(the stem of 찾다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb attributive)

* 그런 : a short form of 그러한(such as)

* 사람 : human being; person
* -은 : a particle makes 사람 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 세상 : [世上] [=세계] the world; [사회] (a) society; [=사람들] the public; [=인생·생애] life; existence; one's life time
- 이 세상 : this world[life]
- 저 세상 : the next world / the world beyond
* -에 : a place suffix

* (-에) 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] there is[are] not in ~

* a verb + -네 /  -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-습-‘ / '-ㅂ'

* 까다롭다 : (1) fastidious ; overnice; particular ; hard to please (2) [=어렵다] difficult; hard; [=성가시다] troublesome; vexing; delicate (3) [=엄격하다] strict; stringent; exacting; punctilious
* 까다롭게 : an adverb form of 까다롭다 by '-게'

* 굴다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] behave ; conduct[bear] oneself; act; treat; demean oneself
- 심하게 굴다 : act harshly
- 못살게 굴다 : treat harshly / be hard on
- 신사답게 굴다 : behave as a gentleman / do like a gentleman
- 비열하게 굴다 : play foul[false]
- 버릇없이 굴다 : carry on
- 스스럼없이 굴다 : conduct oneself without reserve
- 바보처럼 굴다 : make an ass[a fool] of oneself
- 거만하게 굴다 : have an imperious[arrogant] bearing / be insolently[impetuously] proud
- 그녀는 손님에게 친절하게 군다 : She receives her visitors kindly. / She is a good hostess

* 굴지 : 굴(the stem of 굴다) + -지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 말다 : [irregular verb] (1) [=그만두다•중단하다] stop; cease (3) [=하지 않다•하지 않는게 좋다] don't; had better not

* 마: 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 아; 마 and 아 contracted 마) + -아(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 말아: 말(the stem of 말다) + -아(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 마라: 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 아) + -아라(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 말래: 말(the stem of 말다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ")
* 말래요: 말(the stem of 말다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 마실래요: 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)+ -래(a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ ") + -요(an honourific  verb ending suffix)
* 마십시오 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시)  + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -시오(an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘시’)
* 마시겠어요 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks a listener’s will) + -어요(an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘요’)
* 마시겠습니까 : 말(the stem of 말다; ㄹ erased before 시)  + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks a listener’s will) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘ㅂ’)

* a verb + -아 / -아라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ "
* a verb + -아 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -실래요 / -십시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "DO ~ " or "please ~ " by ‘시’ / '-요'

* 눈 : eye
* -만 : only

* 낮은 : low; underneath
* 낮다 : [Pronunciation: 낟따] be low; be underneath

* 낮추다 : a causative verb of 낮다 by '-추-'; lower; drop: reduce; bring down; turn down
- 자세를 좀 낮추어 주시겠습니까? : Could you bend your knees a bit?
- 가격을 낮추다 : lower[reduce; bring down] the price
- 그는 늘 상대방을 높이고 자신을 낮춘다 : He is always humble and shows respect to others

* 낮추면 : 낮추(the stem of 낮추다) + -면(if)

* 성공 : [成功] success;
* 성공하다 : hit, succeed, be successful (in), win[achieve] success
- 사업에 성공하다 : succeed in one's business[undertaking]

* 성공할 : 성공하(the stem of 성공하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)

* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* 이다 : be

* -ㄹ 거예요 / -ㄹ 것이다 / -ㄹ 거다 : It wil ~; I will

* 거다 : a short form of 것이다
* 거네 : a short form of 것이네 <-- 것 + -이다 + -네
* 거야 : a short form of 것이야 <-- 것 + -이다 + -야
* 거네요: a short form of 것이네요 <-- 것 + 이다 + 네 + -요
* 거예요: a short form of 것이에요 <-- 것 + -이다 + -에 + -요
* 겁니다 : a short form of 것입니다 <-- 것 + -이다 + -ㅂ니다

* a noun + -이네 / -이야 : a descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -예요 / -이에요 / -입니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 지금 : now
* -까지 : until; up to
* 지금까지 : up to date; heretofore; erenow; hitherto; so far

* 데이트하다 : go out with; have a date with
* 데이트한 : past tense of 데이트하다 by '-ㄴ'

* 사람 : human being; person (non-honourific word)
* -이 : a particle makes 사람 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 단 : only

* 한 : one
* 명 : a unit counts persons
* 한 명 : one person

* 뿐 : only; just; simply; merely; nothing but
- 한 번 말해 봤을 뿐이다 : I only said it (but did not mean it)
- 그것은 억측일 뿐이다 : It is merely a guess[a mere guess]
- 오고 싶어서 왔을 뿐이다 : I came just[simply] because I wanted to (come)
- 나는 확인하고 싶었을 뿐이다 : I wished merely[I just wished] to make sure. / All I wanted (to do) was to make sure

* 이다 : be
* 이라니 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -라니
* -라니 : (1) A sentence-final ending used when asking again or admiring an unexpected fact in surprise; A sentence-final ending used to express a question about a certain fact that is assumed to have been already given (2) An expression used to indicate that the speaker is surprised or impressed by the explanation or statement heard) (3) An expression used to indicate that the speaker is surprised or impressed by the explanation or statement heard

* 믿다 : believe
* 믿을 : 믿(the stem of 믿다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)

* 수 : a way; a method
* -가 : a particle makes 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not; not exist; there is[are] not
* 없구나 : 없(the stem of 없다) + -구나(a non-honourific exclamative verb ending suffxi)

* -ㄹ 수 없다 : I can't ~

* 내 : I (non-honourific word)
* 제 : I (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 내 / 제 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 높은 : high
* 높다 : [Pronunciation: 놉따] be high

* 걸 : a short form of 것을
* 것 : a thing
* -을 : a particle makes 것 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 눈이 높은 것 : ( a thing) my eye is high

* 어쩌다 : a short form of 어찌하다
* 어찌하다 : [=어떻게 하다] do something about it

* 어쩌겠니? : What can I do? <-- 어쩌(the stem of 어쩌다) + -겠(one's conjecture) + -니?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending sufxix)

2023-06-20

Let's learn abour "그 사람 밥맛이에요"

그 사람 밥맛이에요 : He turns me off; He is such a turn-off; He really sucks

[other expressions]
- 그 사람 밥맛이다. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 밥맛이네. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 사람 밥맛이야. (to younger people or friends)
- 그 분 밥맛이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 분 밥맛이에요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 그 분 밥맛입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘ㅂ’)

[explanations]
* 그 : that

* 사람 : human being (non-honourific word)
* 분 : human being (honourific word)
* -은 : a particle makes 사람 / 분 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 밥맛 : (1) The taste of rice (2) [=식욕•입맛] appetite (3) [=불쾌한 사람] an unpleasant person
- 오늘 밥맛(이) 좋다 : Today's rice tastes good
- 밥맛을 한번 볼까요? : Shall we taste the rice first?
- 햅쌀이라 밥맛이 좋을 거예요 : It's newly harvested rice and will be more tasty
- 그 이야기를 듣고 밥맛이 싹 달아났다 : That story made me lose my appetite
- 밥맛(이) 없다  : have no appetite
- 밥맛(이) 떨어지다 : lose one´s appetite
- 그는 밥맛 떨어진다 : he is nauseating; he is an unpleasant person
- 우리끼리 이야긴데, 그 녀석 정말 밥맛 없어 : Between you and me, he is really nauseating

* 이다 : be; have

* 입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a noun + -(이)다 / -(이)네 / -(이)야 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -(이)네 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + -이에요 / -예요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ'

* 성적 : [成績] (1) grade; mark; results (2) record, results
- 성적으로 : by grade

* 성적 : [性的] sexual
- 성적으로 : sexually

* 매력 : [魅力] (a) charm; a bewitching[spellbinding] power; (a) fascination; glamo(u)r; attractiveness; (an) appeal; an allure; a lure
- 매력이 있는 = 매력적인 : charming / fascinating / attractive / appealing
- 매력없는 : unappealing / unattractive
- 성적(性的) 매력 : a sex appeal / a lure to the other sex
- 매력(이) 없다 : (1) be unattractive (2) turn off
- 매력(이) 있다 : (1) be charming / fascinating / attractive / appealing (2) turn on

* 자극 : [刺戟] (1) a stimulus ; stimulation; irritation (2) stimulation; a stimulus; an nerves.; an incentive; a spur
- 자극적인 : stimulative / thrilling / sensational /provocative
- 자극적인 영화 : sensational movie
- 자극적인 태도로 : in provocative manner
- 자극이 없는 : dull / boring / monotonous

* 자극하다 : stimulate; irritate; excite, incite; prompt: arouse; fillip; prod;  provoke; whet; lash; sting;  urge; needle