수영 잘해요? : Are you a good swimmer?; Can you swim well?; Do you swim like a fish?
얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있어요? : How far can you swim?; How many laps can you do?
* 경주로의 한 번 왕복 / 한 바퀴 : lap
전 수영을 못해요 : I sink like a rock: I’m not a good swimmer; I can’t swim; I can’t tread water.
* 가라앉다 : sink
* (물속에 서서) 선헤엄을 치다 : tread water
ex)
A. 뭐가 그렇게 무서워? 카누가 얼마나 재미있는데 : Why are you so scared? Canoeing is so much fun.
B. 난 수영을 못해서 물이 무서워 : I’m afraid of the water because I can’t swim
[other expressions]
- 수영 잘하니? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 수영 잘하나? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 수영 잘하냐? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 수영 잘해? (to the younger people or friendly)
- 수영 잘해요? (honourific by '-요')
- 수영 잘하세요? (more honourific by '시-')
- 수영 잘하셔요? (more honourific by '시-')
- 수영 잘하십니까? (more honourific by '시-')
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있니? (to younger people or friends)
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있나? (to younger people or friends)
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있어? (to younger people or friends)
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있나요? (honourific by '-요')
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있어요? (honourific by '-요')
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있는지요? (honourific by '-요')
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있으세요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있으셔요? (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 얼마나 멀리까지 수영할 수 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)
- 난 수영을 못한다. (to younger people or friends)
- 난 수영을 못하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 난 수영을 못해. (to younger people or friends)
- 전 수영을 못하네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전 수영을 못해요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 전 수영을 못합니다. (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
[explanations]
* 너 : you (non-honourific word)
* 언니 : a woman is a little older than you
* -는 : a particle makes 너 / 언니 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* 수영 : [水泳] swimming; bathing; a swim; a bathe
* -을 : a particle makes 수영 objective after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omittable
* 잘하다 : do well <-- 잘(well) + 하다(do)
* 잘해? : 잘하(the stem of 잘하다; 하 + -어 contracted 해) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 잘하세요? : 잘하(the stem of 잘하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 잘하셔요? : 잘하(the stem of 잘하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 잘하십니까? : 잘하(the stem of 잘하다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 얼마 : (1) [=값(price] what price; some[a certain] price; [금액(amount)] what sum[amount] ; some amount (2) [거리(distance)] what distance; some distance
* 까지 : (1) to (2) up to; until
* 얼마까지 : (1) to what extent (2) to what distance
* 얼마나 : (1) [값(price)] how much; what; [수량(quantity)] how many[much] (2) [정도·동안(degree and duration)] [=얼마까지] how ; how much
* 수영(을) 하다 = 수영하다 : swim
* 수영할 : 수영하(the stem of 수영하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)
* 수 : a way; a method
* -가[이] 있다 : there is[are]; exist; have
* 수(가) 있다 : have a way to do; have a method to do; be able to do; can do
* -ㄹ 수(가) 있다 / -이[가] 가능하다 / -ㄹ 줄 알다 : know how to do; can do; be able to do
* 있으세요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있으셔요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 있습니까 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 있으십니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -으시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -(으)세요? / -(으)셔요? / -(으)십니까? / -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-시-‘ / ‘-요’
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to younger people or friends)
* 저 : I (honourific word to the elderly)
* -는 : a particle makes 나 / 저 subjective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* 난 : a short form of 나는
* 전 : a short form of 저는
* 수영 : [水泳] swimming; bathing; a swim; a bathe
* -을 : a particle makes 수영 objective after a word ends in a consonant
* 못하다 : (1) [=수준이 떨어지다] inferior (to) (2) [used as a form of "못해도") at least (3) [=잘하지 못하다] be bad[poor] (at), be weak (in); can’t
- 훨씬 못하다 : fall[be] far beneath (in)
- 그녀를 짝사랑하는 남자가 못해도 다섯 명은 될 것이다 : At least five men have a crush on her
- 저는 노래를 못해요 : I'm a terrible singer
* 못하다 : can’t do
* 못한다 : present tense of 못하다 by '-ㄴ'
* 못해 : 못하(the stem of 못하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 못합니다 : 못하(the stem of 못하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by ‘스’ / ‘-ㅂ’
* 물속 : underwater <-- 물(water) + 속(inner)
* -에 : a place suffix
* 서다 : stand
* 서서 : 서(the stem of 서다) + -서(a suffix meaning that an action last continuously)
* 선- : [접두사(prefix)] 일부 명사 앞에 붙어 ‘익숙하지 못한’, ‘덜된’, ‘격에 맞지 않은’ 등의 뜻을 나타냄(before some nouns) to indicate 'unfamiliar', 'undone' or 'unfit')
- 선잠 : light[broken, uneasy] sleep, catnap
- 선무당 : novice shaman
- 선머슴 : roughly playful boy; [=차분하지 못한 여자 아이] tomboy
- 선웃음 : a forced[a feigned / an affected] laugh[smile]; a smirk; a (conscious) simper
- 선하품 : a slight yawn; a forced yawn
* 헤엄 : swimming
- 개헤엄을 치다 : dog-paddle <-- 개(dog) + 헤엄
- 선해엄을 치다 : tread water
* 뭐 : a short form of 무엇(what)
* -가 : a particle makes 뭐 subjective after word ends in a vowel
* -이 : a particle makes 무엇 subjective after word ends in a consonant
* 그렇다 = 그러하다 : be such
* 그렇게 : (1) [=그러한 정도까지] so; so much; like that (2) [=그러하게] in that manner; (in) that way; like that; so
- 그렇게까지 : to such an extent / so[thus] far / that much
- 그렇게 해보시오 Try it like that[that way]
* 무서운 : fearful; dreadful; terrible; frightful; scary, afraid; awful; horrible; frightening; terrifying
* 무섭다 : [Pronuncistion: 무섭따] [ㅂ 불규칙] be fearful; be dreadful; be terrible; be frightful; be scary, be afraid; be awful; be horrible; be frightening; be terrifying
* 무서워? : 무섭(the stem of 무섭다; ㅂ changed into 우) + -어?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* ㅂ 불규칙 : the ㅂ of 무섭다 is not 'B' sound but 'V' sound and V consists of ㅂ + 옛이응 ‘ㆁ’. these days V sound changed into '우' for easy pronunciation
* See : https://m.blog.naver.com/nurisejong/221050681781
* 카누 : canoe
* -가 : a particle makes 카누 subjective after word ends in a vowel
* 얼마나 : (1) [값(price)] how much; what; [수량(quantity)] how many[much] (2) [정도·동안(degree and duration)] [=얼마까지] how ; how much
* 재미 : interest
* -있다 : (1) be (2) have
* 재밌는 / 재미있는 : interesting; amusing; funny; entertaining
* 재밌게 / 재미있게 : adverb form of 재미있는
* (-이/-가) 재밌다 / 재미있다 : be interesting; be amusing; be funny; be entertaining
* 재밌었다 / 재미있었다 : past tense of 재미있다 by ‘-었-‘
* 재밌다 : a short form of 재미있다
* 재밌었다 : a short form of 재미있었다
* 재미있습니다 : 재미있(the stem of 재미있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* 재미있는데 = 재밌는데 : 재미있(the stem of재미있다) + -는데(A sentence-final ending used to admire something while anticipating the listener's response)
* 못해서 : 못하(the stem of 못하다) + -어서/-아서(because)
* 물 : water
* -이 : a particle makes 물 subjective after word ends in a consonant
* 무서워 : 무섭(the stem of 무섭다; ㅂ changed into 우) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
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