10시까지 영업합니다. : We close/finish at 10; We are open till 10; We close shop at 10; We’re here till 10.
ex)
A. 우리가 쇼핑할 시간이 충분한가요? : Do we have enough time to shop?
B. 그럴걸요. 10시까지 여는 걸로 아는데요 : I think so. I think they are open till 10
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 10시까지 영업한다. (to younger people or friends)
- 10시까지 영업하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 10시까지 영업해. (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 10시까지 영업하네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 10시까지 영업해요. (honourific by '-요')
- 10시까지 영업합니다.. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')
[explanations]
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 우리 / 저희 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 10시 : [Pronunciation: 열시] ten o'clock
* 까지 : till
* 영업 : [營業] business; trade; [=영업 활동] business activities; [=업무의 운영] operation(s)
* 영업하다 = 영업을 하다 : run a business, manage a business
* 영업하시다 : an honourifix form of 영업하다 by '-시-'
* 영업한다 : present tense of 영업하다 by '-ㄴ'
* 영업해요 : 영업하(the stem of 영업하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 영업합니다 : 영업하(the stem of 영업하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 우리 / 저희 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 쇼핑 : shopping
* 쇼핑하다 = 쇼핑을 하다 : do the shopping
- 나는 쇼핑을 별로 좋아하지 않는다 : I don't like shopping very much
* 쇼핑할 : 쇼핑하(the stem of 쇼핑하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)
* 시간 : time
* -이 : a particle makes 쇼핑할 시간 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant
* 충분 : [充分]
* 충분한 : enough; sufficient; full; plentiful; plenty of; good; goodly; [=만족스럽다] satisfactory; [=완전하다] perfect; thorough; generous ; adequate
* 충분하다 : a verb form of 충분한
* 충분하게 : an adverb form of 충분한
* 충분한가요? : 충분하(the stem of 충분하다) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 그렇다 : [Pronunciation: 그러타] [ㅎ 불규칙(irregular)] a short form of 그러하다
* 그러하다 : that is right; so it is; you are right; yes; no; (be) so; such
* 맞다 : (1) be right; be correct (2) hamonize with; agree with (3) suit; be suitable; be agreeable; fit
* 그럴걸요 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다; ㅎ erased before ㄹ) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + 걸(a suffix means "one's conjecture) + + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 그럴걸요 : I guess so
* -ㄹ걸요 : I guess ~
* 10시 : [Pronunciation: 열시] ten o'clock
* 까지 : till
* 열다 : [ㄹ 불규칙(irregular verb)] open
* 여시다 : an honourifix form of 열다 by '-시-'
* 연다 : present tense of 열다 by '-ㄴ'
* 여는 : 열(the stem of 열다; ㄹ erased before consonant) + 는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* [Memo]
Adnominal in grammer is that Involving or relating to words that modify a noun.
The adnominal case: A word or phrase qualifying a noun, such as an adjective or a relative clause.
* 걸로 : a short form of 것으로
* 것 : thing; this word does the simliar function to make a sentence or clause (10시까지 열다) an infinitive or a gerund of English
* -으로 : as; A postpositional particle that indicates a thought about something(어떤 사물에 대하여 생각하는 바를 나타내는 조사)
* 알다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] know
* XX + -으로 알다 / -로 알다 : be known as XX
* 아는데요 : 알(the stem of 알다: ㄹ erased before consonant) + -는데/-ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to answer while anticipating the listener's response: 듣는 사람의 반응을 기대하며 어떤 일에 대해 대답할 때 사용하는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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