2024-02-06

Let's learn about "10시까지 영업합니다"

10시까지 영업합니다. : We close/finish at 10; We are open till 10; We close shop at 10; We’re here till 10.

ex)

A. 우리가 쇼핑할 시간이 충분한가요? : Do we have enough time to shop?

B. 그럴걸요. 10시까지 여는 걸로 아는데요 : I think so. I think they are open till 10

[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 10시까지 영업한다. (to younger people or friends)
- 10시까지 영업하네. (to younger people or friends)
- 10시까지 영업해. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 10시까지 영업하네요. (honourific by '-요')
- 10시까지 영업해요. (honourific by '-요')
- 10시까지 영업합니다.. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

[explanations]
* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)
* -는 : a particle makes 우리 / 저희 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 10시 : [Pronunciation: 열시] ten o'clock
* 까지 : till

* 영업 : [營業] business; trade; [=영업 활동] business activities; [=업무의 운영] operation(s)
* 영업하다 = 영업을 하다 : run a business, manage a business
* 영업하시다 : an honourifix form of 영업하다 by '-시-'
* 영업한다 : present tense of 영업하다 by '-ㄴ'

* 영업해요 : 영업하(the stem of 영업하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 영업합니다 : 영업하(the stem of 영업하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)
* 저희 : we (honourific word)
* -가 : a particle makes 우리 / 저희 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 쇼핑 : shopping
* 쇼핑하다 = 쇼핑을 하다 : do the shopping
- 나는 쇼핑을 별로 좋아하지 않는다 : I don't like shopping very much

* 쇼핑할 : 쇼핑하(the stem of 쇼핑하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive)

* 시간 : time
* -이 : a particle makes 쇼핑할 시간 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 충분 : [充分]

* 충분한 : enough; sufficient; full; plentiful; plenty of; good; goodly; [=만족스럽다] satisfactory; [=완전하다] perfect; thorough; generous ; adequate

* 충분하다 : a verb form of 충분한
* 충분하게 : an adverb form of 충분한

* 충분한가요? : 충분하(the stem of 충분하다) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 그렇다 : [Pronunciation: 그러타] [ㅎ 불규칙(irregular)] a short form of 그러하다
* 그러하다 : that is right; so it is; you are right; yes; no; (be) so; such

* 맞다 : (1) be right; be correct (2) hamonize with; agree with (3) suit; be suitable; be agreeable; fit

* 그럴걸요 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다; ㅎ erased before ㄹ) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + 걸(a suffix means "one's conjecture) + + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 그럴걸요 : I guess so
* -ㄹ걸요 : I guess ~

* 10시 : [Pronunciation: 열시] ten o'clock
* 까지 : till

* 열다 : [ㄹ 불규칙(irregular verb)] open
* 여시다 : an honourifix form of 열다 by '-시-'
* 연다 : present tense of 열다 by '-ㄴ'

* 여는 : 열(the stem of 열다; ㄹ erased before consonant) + 는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)

* [Memo]
Adnominal in grammer is that Involving or relating to words that modify a noun. 
The adnominal case: A word or phrase qualifying a noun, such as an adjective or a relative clause.

* 걸로 : a short form of 것으로
* 것 :  thing; this word does the simliar function to make a sentence or clause (10시까지 열다) an infinitive or a gerund of English
* -으로 : as; A postpositional particle that indicates a thought about something(어떤 사물에 대하여 생각하는 바를 나타내는 조사)

* 알다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] know

* XX + -으로 알다 / -로 알다 : be known as XX

* 아는데요 : 알(the stem of 알다: ㄹ erased before consonant) + -는데/-ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to answer while anticipating the listener's response: 듣는 사람의 반응을 기대하며 어떤 일에 대해 대답할 때 사용하는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

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