Let's learn about "집"

1. 집 has the following meanings

[Remarks]

* 내 : a short form of 나의(my; non-honourific word)

* 제 : a short form of 저의(my; honourific word)

* 우리 : [non-honourific word] (1) [주격] we; [소유격] our (2) [주격] I; [소유격] my

* 저희 : [honourific word] (1) [주격] we; [소유격] our (2) [주격] I; [소유격] my

1) [=가옥] a house; a home; housing; a dwelling; an abode; a residence; [=대저택] a mansion

- 기와집 : a tile-roofed house

- 초가집 : a thatch-roofed house

- 넓은[좁은] 집 : a large[small] house

- 좋은 집 : a fine house

- 초라한 집 : a shabbyhouse

- 쓰러져가는 집 : a house ready to tumble down

- 빈 집 : an unoccupied[untenanted] house / a vacant[an empty] house

- 아담한 집 : a modest house

- 내 집 : a house of one's own / one's own house

- 집 밖에서 : out of[outside] the house / out-of-doors / outdoors

- 집 안에(서) : inside the house / indoors

- 집(이) 없는 : homeless / houseless / shelterless / vagrant

- 집(이) 없는 사람들 : houseless[homeless] people

- 집(이) 없는 신세가 되다 : be rendered homeless

- 집에 있다 : stay[sit / be] at home / be in

- 집에 없다 : be out[not at home] / stay[be] away from home

- 한 집에 살다 : live under the same roof

- 집을 비우다 : leave one's house empty / [이사를 가서(Because of the move)] move out / quit[vacate / empty] a house

- 집을 짓다 : build[erect / put up] a house / [자기의(for oneelf)] build oneself a house

- 집을 헐다 : take a house to pieces / pull down a house

- 집을 빌리다 = 집을 세들다 : rent a house / take a house

- 집을 세놓다 : let[rent] a house

- 집을 보다 : take care of[look after] the house

- 집을 구하러 다니다 : go house hunting / look about for a house

- 집까지 바래다주다 : walk home

- 일요일에는 집에 있습니다 : I'll be (at) home on Sunday

- 그 남자는 집이 없었다 : The man was homeless

- 집이 어디냐 : Where do you live? / Tell me your home address

- 아버지는 집에 계신가?: Is your father at home[in]?

- 내 집은 이 근처에 있다 : My home is near here

- 나는 대전에서는 숙부의 집에서 묵었다 : In Taejon I stayed at my uncle's. / I stayed with my uncle in Taejon

- 며칠이든 우리 집에 머물러 주십시오 : Please stay with us as long as you like

- 다음달에는 우리 집에서 모입시다 : Let's meet at my place next month

- 그것을 이 씨 집에 두고 왔다 : I left it at Mr. Lee's place

- 전쟁으로 많은 사람이 집을 잃었다 : Many people were left homeless by the war[lost their homes in the war]

2) [=가정·집안] a home; a family; a household

- 우리 집 : our home

- 우리 집 아이들 : my[our] children

- 우리 집 사람 : my (good) wife

- 우리 집 양반 : my good man / my husband

- 집에 돌아가다 : go[come / get / return] home

- 집을 나가다[떠나다] : leave home

- 집을 뛰쳐나가다 : run away from home

- 가난한 집에 태어나다 : be born poor[of a poor family]

- 부자집에 태어나다 : be born rich

- 집생각이 나다 : get homesick / think of home

- 우리 집 아이들은 수영을 잘한다 : Our children are good at swimming

- 우리 집은 5인 가족입니다 : We are a family of five. / There are five in my family

- 내 집보다 좋은 곳은 없다 : There's no place like home

- 지난달 이후로 집에서 소식이 없다 : I haven't heard from home since last month

- 집으로 돌아가게 : I advise you to go home

3) [=영업 장소] a place; a house; [=상점] a store;  a shop; [음식점] a restaurant

- 빵집 : a bakery / a bakeshop

- 술집 : a bar / a saloon / a tavern / a public house

- 국수집 : a noodle restaurant[shop]

- 중국집 : a Chinese restaurant

- 화식[왜식]집 = 일본식당 : a Japanese restaurant

4) [=새의 보금자리] a nest; [=벌의 보금자리] a hornets'[wasps'] nest; a comb; [꿀벌의 보금자리] a beehive; [=거미의 보금자리] a (cob)web; [=짐승의 보금자리] a lair; a den

- 개집 : a kennel / a doghouse

- 새집 : a bird's nest

- (벌을) 벌집에 넣다 : hive

- (비둘기가) 집으로 돌아가다 : home (to its cote)

5) [=케이스] a box; a case; an incasement; a protector; a sheath

- 두꺼비집 : a fuse box

- 칼집 : a sheath / a scabbard

- 아기집 : the womb

6) [=바둑의 빈 칸] crosses; captured territory

- 다섯 집 이기다[지다] : win[lose] by five crosses

7) [=수용소] a home

- 노인의 집 a home for the aged

- 여성의 집 : a women's home

- 선원의 집 : a sailor's home

2. 집 : [集] [=시가·문장 등을 모은 책•모음집] a collection

- 단편 소설집 : a collection of short stories / collected short stories

- 서간집 : a collection of letters / collected letters

- 수필집 : a collection of essays

3. 집 : [輯] a series

- 제1집 : the first series

- 제2집 : the second series

Let's learn about "이 책 저자의 최신작이 있나요?"

이 책 저자의 최신작이 있나요? : Do you have the latest book by this author?; What’s the latest book written by this author?

* 최신의 : the lastest

ex)

A. 이 작가의 최신작이 있나요? : Do you have the latest book by this author?

B. 확인해 볼게요. 저자가 누구라고 하셨죠? : I’ll have to check. Who’s the author again?

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있니? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있나? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있어? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있는지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있나요? (honourific by '-요')

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있어요? (honourific by '-요')

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있는지요? (honourific by '-요')

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있는가요? (more honourific by ‘시’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 이 책 저자의 최신작이 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

[explanations]

* 이 : this

* 서적 : [書籍] ＝책[冊] book(s)

* -의 : a suffix makes 책 / 서적 possesive

* 저자 : [著者] [=작가] an author; a writer

- 저자 목록[색인] : an author catalog[index]

- 저자 불명의 우화집 : an anonymous book of fables

- 저자임을 주장하다 : claim the authorship

- 그가 이 소설의 저자이다 He's the author of this novel. / He wrote this novel

* 불명 : [不明] [=분명하지 않음] indistinctness; obscurity; [=애매함] ambiguity; [=불가해] incomprehensibility <-- 불(a prefix makes a word negative) + -명(a short form of 분명함 / 명확함 : distinctness)

ㆍ 원인 불명의 사고 : an accident of unknown origin

ㆍ 국적 불명의 군함 a warship of unidentified nationality

* 저자임 : 저자 + 임(a noun form of 이다(be))

* -의 : a suffix makes 이 책 저자 possesive

* 최신 : [最新] up-to-dateness

- 최신의 : [=가장 새로운] the newest / [=최근의] the latest / up-to-date

- 극히 최신의 : up-to-the-minute[-second] / ultramodern

- 최신의 뉴스 : red-hot news

- 최신 머리형 : the latest hairstyle

- 최신 설비를 갖춘 병원 : a hospital with the most up-to-date facilities

- 최신형 : a new[the latest] style[model / design]

* 최신작 : 최신 + 작(a short form of 작품)

* 작품 : [作品] a (piece of) work; a product; a production 

- 문예[문학] 작품 : a literary work

- 예술 작품 : a work of art

- 현대 조각가 작품전 : an exhibition of works by contemporary sculptors

- 셰익스피어의 작품집 the works of Shakespeare

- 훌륭한 작품 : a marvelous piece of work

- 고심한 작품 : a work one struggled to create

- 피카소의 작품 : a (work of) Picasso

- 이 곡은 누구의 작품입니까? : Who was the composer of this music? / Who composed this piece of music?

* 작품전 : 작품 + 전(a short form of 전시회)

* 전시회 : exhibition

* 작품집 : 작품 + 집(s short form of 모음집)

* 집 : [集] [=시가·문장 등을 모은 책•모음집] a collection

- 단편 소설집 : a collection of short stories / collected short stories

- 서간집 : a collection of letters / collected letters

- 수필집 : a collection of essays

* 집 : [輯] a series

- 제1집 : the first series

- 제2집 : the second series

* -이 : a particle makes 최신작 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] be; exist; there is[are]

* 있는지 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -는지/-ㄴ지(whether ... or ...; A connective ending used to indicate an ambiguous reason or judgment about the following statement: 뒤에 오는 말의 내용에 대한 막연한 이유나 판단을 나타내는 연결 어미)

* 있는지요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -는지?(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 있는가요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -는가?(a interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 있습니까 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-시-‘ / ‘-요’

* 확인[確認] : confirmation; affirmation; certification; validation

* 확인하다 : confirm; affirm; certify; validate; identify; ascertain; make sure

* 확인되다 : be confirmed; be affirmed; be cerrified; be validated: be identified; be asxertained

* 확인해 : 확인하(the stem of 확인하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 보다 : (1) see; look; watch (2) try

* -어/-아 보다 : try to do

* 보죠 : 보(the stem of 보다) + -지(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 볼게요 : 보(the stem of 보다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -게(one's will) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 확인해 보다 : take a look at; check with effort

* 확인해 보죠 = 확인해 볼게요 : I will check; I'll have to check

* 저자 : [著者] [=작가] an author; a writer

* -가 : a particle makes 저자 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 누구 : who

* -라고 : A postpositional particle used to indicate that the preceding statement was a quote(앞말이 원래 말해진 그대로 인용됨을 나타내는 조사); An expression used to pass along what the speaker heard from another person, or to present the subject's thoughts, opinions, etc(다른 사람에게서 들은 내용을 간접적으로 전달하거나 주어의 생각, 의견 등을 나타내는 표현)

* 하다 : (1) do (2) [=말하다] say; tell; speak

* 했다 : past tense of 하다 by '-었-'

* 하시다 : an honourific form of 하다 by '-시-'

* 하셨다 : a short form of 하시었다; past tense of 하시다 by '-였-'

* (저자가) 누구라고 하다 : to say who the author is

* 하셨죠? : an honourific form of 하시었지요?

* 하시었지요? : 하시었(the stem of 하시었다) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + 요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

Let&#39;s learn about &quot;그 책은 무슨 내용인가요?&quot;

그 책은 무슨 내용인가요? = 그 책은 어떤 내용인가요? : What’s it about?; What is the book written about?; What’s the book about?; What’s the story about?

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 그 책은 무슨 내용이니? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용이냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용이야? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용이지? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용인가? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용인지? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용이니? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용이냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용이야? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용이지? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용인가? (to younger people or friends)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용인지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 그 책은 무슨 내용이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 무슨 내용입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 그 책은 어떤 내용입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

* 그 : that

* 서적 : [書籍] ＝책[冊] book(s)

* -은 : a particle makes 책 /서적 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 무슨 / 어떤 : what

* 내용 : [內容] (1) [=속에 든 알맹이] contents (2) [=표현된 것의 의미] content (3) [=실질] substance

- 내용물 : the contents

- 위의 내용물 : the contents of a stomach

- 이 상자의 내용물은 무엇입니까? : What does the box contain? / What is in the box

- 교육 내용 : the quality of education

- 연구 내용 : the substance of one's study

- 직무 내용 : the substance of one's duties and responsibility

- 그 책의 내용은 2페이지에 있다 : The contents of the book are on the second page

- 이 편지의 내용을 복사하시오 : Copy the text of this letter.ㆍ

- 형식과 내용 : form and substance[content]

* 내용입니까? : 내용 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific  interrogative  verb ending suffix)

* a noun + -(이)니? / -(이)냐? / -(이)야? / -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -(이)지? : a questioning form of 이다

* a noun + -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -(이)지? + -요 : an honourific ending suffix

* a noun + -예요? / -이에요? / -입니까? : an honourific questioning form of 이다 by '-요' / ‘-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "개정판은 언제 나와요?"

개정판은 언제 나와요? : When can I get the newest edition?; When can I expect to find the newest edition?; When will the newest edition be in store?; When is the newest edition expected to come out?

* 신판 = 최신판 : newest edition

ex)

A. 개정판은 어디서 구할 수 있죠? : Where can I get the newest edition?

B. 2주 정도면 서점에서 구입할 수 있을 겁니다 : You can probably find them in store in about two weeks

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 개정판은 언제 나오니? (to younger people or friends)

- 개정판은 언제 나오나? (to younger people or friends)

- 개정판은 언제 나오냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 개정판은 언제 나와? (to younger people or friends)

- 개정판은 언제 나오는가? (to younger people or friends)

- 개정판은 언제 나오는지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 개정판은 언제 나오나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 개정판은 언제 나와요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 개정판은 언제 나오는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 개정판은 언제 나오는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 개정판은 언제 나옵니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

* 개정 : [改正] [=수정] (a) revision; (an) amendment; (a) reform; [=변경] (an) alteration; (a) change

- 조약 개정 : treaty revision

- 헌법 개정 : the amendment of the National Constitution / constitution revision

* 개정하다 : revise; amend; alter; change; remodel

* 개정할 수 있는 : amendable / correctable / rectifiable

* 판 : [版] [=인쇄하여 책을 펴내는 일 또는 펴낸 것] printing; print; an edition; an impression

- 신판 : a new edition

- 초판 : the first print[edition]

- 재판 = 중판 : a second edition[impression] / a reprint

- 시내판 : the city edition

- 지방판 : the local[provincial] edition

* 개정판 : [改訂版] revision

* -은/-이 : a particle makes 개정판 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 언제 : when

* 나오다 : come out <--나다(move out) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs) + 오다(come)

* 나와요 : 나오(the stem of 나오다; 오 + -아 contracted into 와) + -아(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 나옵니까? : 나오(the stem of 나오다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -어? / -는가? / -는지? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb + -나? / -아? / -는가? / -는지? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’

* 어디 : where

* -서/-에서 : a place suffix means "from (where)"

* 구하다 : (1) [=구입하다•구매하다•사다] buy, purchase (2) [=찾다] look for, search(3) [=구출하다] save, rescue

* 구할 : 구하(the stem of 구하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive/adnominal)

* 수 : a way; a method

* -가 : a particle makes 구할 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do 

* 있죠? : a short form of 있지요?

* 있지요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 2주 : [Pronunciation: 이주] two weeks

* 정도 : approxmately

* 정도면 : a short form of 정도이면

* 이다 : be

* -이면 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -면(if)

* 구입 : [購入] purchase; buying

* 구입하다 : purchase; buy

- 대량 구입하다 : make[effect] a heavy purchase

* 구입할 : 구입하(the stem of 구입하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)

* 수 : a way; a method

* -가 : a particle makes 구할 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do 

* 있을 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive/adnominal)

* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing; a stuff)

* 이다 : be

* -ㄹ 거예요 / -ㄹ 것이다 : someone be able to do; someone can probaly do

* 거다 = 것이다

* 거네 = 것이네 : 것 + -이다 + -네

* 거야 = 것이야 : 것 + -이다 + -야

* 건데 = 것인데 : 것 + -이다 + -ㄴ데

* 거예요 = 것이에요 : 것 + -이다 + -에 + -요

* 겁니다 = 것입니다 : 것 + -이다 + -ㅂ니다

Let's learn about "절판되었습니다"

절판되었습니다 : It’s out of print; They’re not printing it any more; They stopped printing it.

* 절판된 : out of print

ex)

A. 그건 절판되었습니다만, 개정판이 다음 달 중에 들어올 겁니다 : It’s out of print. But you can expect the next edition to be in store by next month.

B. 그래요? 그럼 다음 달에 다시 와야겠네요 : Oh, is that right? I guess I’ll have to come back next month then

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 절판되었다. (to younger people or friends)

- 절판되었네. (to younger people or friends)

- 절판되었어. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 절판되었네요. (honourific by '-요')

- 절판되었어요. (honourific by '-요')

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 절판되었습니다. (formal; honourific by ‘스-’)

[explanations]

* 절판 : [絶版] going out of print

- 그 책은 절판입니다 : The book is out of print

* 절판하다 : print no more copies of

* 절판했다 : past tense of 절판되하다 by '-었-'

* 절판되다 : go out of print

* 절판되었다 : past tense of 절판되다 by '-었-'

* 절판된 : 절판되(the stem of 절판되다; 되 + -ㄴ contracted into 된) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes an action verb past tense and adnominal)

* -되다 is a suffix and has the following meanings

1) <동사적 명사에 붙어(attached to a verbial noun)> be; become; get to be

- 걱정되다 : be worried[anxious] about

- 시작되다 : begin / have a beginning

- 자리가 준비되었다 : A table was ready

2) <형용사적 명사나 부사적 어근에 붙어(attached to adjective nouns or adverbial stems)> be

- 막 되다 : be ill-mannered[-bred] / be wild

- 못 되다: [사람·행동(humn being•behavior)] be bad-natured / be evil[wicked / bad]

- 속되다 : be vulgar[common]

- 참되다 : be true

- 헛되다 : be false / be in vain / be futile

* 절판되었습니다 : 절찬되었(the stem of 절판되었다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스' / '-ㅂ'

* 그건 : a short form of 그것은

* 그것 : that thing

* -은 : a particle makes 그것 subjective after a word ends  in a consonant

* 절판되었습니다만 : 절판되었습니 + -다만(A connective ending used when recognizing the truth of the preceding statement and adding something that is contrary or irrelevant to it: 앞에 오는 말을 인정하면서 그에 반대되거나 관계없는 내용을 덧붙여 말할 때 쓰는 연결 어미)

* 개정 : [改正] [=수정] (a) revision; (an) amendment; (a) reform; [=변경] (an) alteration; (a) change

- 조약 개정 : treaty revision

- 헌법 개정 : the amendment of the National Constitution / constitution revision

* 개정하다 : revise; amend; alter; change; remodel

* 개정할 수 있는 : amendable / correctable / rectifiable

* 판 : [版] [=인쇄하여 책을 펴내는 일 또는 펴낸 것] printing; print; an edition; an impression

- 신판 : a new edition

- 초판 : the first print[edition]

- 재판 = 중판 : a second edition[impression] / a reprint

- 시내판 : the city edition

- 지방판 : the local[provincial] edition

* 개정판 : [改訂版] revision

* -이 : a particle makes 개정판 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 다음 달 = 내 달 : next month

* 중 : [中] in the middle of

* -에 : a time suffix

* 들다 : (1) [=들어가다] go in[into]; get in[into]; come in[into] (2) [=안에 담겨 있다] have, contain, hold

* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 오다 : come

* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어오다 : come in

* 들어왔다 : past tense of 들어오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어올 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다; 오 + -ㄹ contracted into 올) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence

* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 거 = 것 : a thing; a stuff; 거 is a short form of 것

* 이다 : be

* 겁니다 = 것입니다 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다

* -입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 그러하다 / 그렇다 : be such

* 그래 : (1) [긍정의 대답(an affirmative answer)] yes; ok; okay [부정 의문문(a negative question)] no (2) [감탄•가벼운 놀라움] a word indicates an exclamation;a slight surprise

* 그래요? : 그래 + -요?(a non-honourific interrogative ending suffix)

* 그럼 = 그러면 : then

* 다음 달 = 내 달 : next month

* -에 : a time suffix

* 다시 : again

* 오다 : come

* 와야겠다 : 오(the stem of 오다; 오 + -아 contracted into 와) + -아야겠/-어야겠(An expression used to indicate a strong will for the act mentioned in the preceding statement, or to guess that doing the act may be necessary: 앞말이 나타내는 행동에 대한 강한 의지를 나타내거나 그 행동을 할 필요가 있음을 완곡하게 말할 때 쓰는 표현)

+ -네(a descriptive verb endigng suffix) + -요(a honourific ending suffix)

* -아야/-어야(have to) + -겠(one's will)

Let's learn about "주문할 수 있나요?"

주문할 수 있나요? : Could I order it?; Could you order it for me?; Can I have it ordered?; Could I get it ordered?

ex)

A. 파스칼의 <팡세>가 없네요. 주문할 수 있나요? : I can’t seem to find Pascal’s Pensées. Could I get it ordered?

B. 그럼요. 근데 2주일 정도 걸릴 거예요 : Sure. It’ll take a few weeks, though

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 주문할 수 있니? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있나? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있지? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있는가? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있는지? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있어? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 주문할 수 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 주문할 수 있지요? (to younger people or friends)

- 주문할 수 있죠? (to younger people or friends; -죠 a short form of -지요?)

- 주문할 수 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 주문할 수 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 주문할 수 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 주문할 수 어디 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스)

[explanations]

* 주문 : ordering

* 주문하다 : order

* 주문할 : 주문하(the stem of 주문하다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive/adnominal)

* 수 : a way; a method

* -가 : a particle makes 주문할 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do 

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-스-‘ / ‘-요’

* 파스칼 : Pascal novelist

* -의 : a suffix makes 파스칼 possesive

* 팡세 : Novel "Pensées(생각: thinking)

* -가 : a particle makes 팡세 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* (-이/-가) 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be not ; noe exist; there is[are] not (2) don't have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 없다] be unable to do

* 그럼 : yes;  yah; yeah; indeed; right; quite so; certainly; of course

* 그럼요 : 그럼 + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

- 뜰에 들어가도 됩니까? -- 그럼 : May I go into the garden? -- Yes, certainly

- 그럼요, 내 우산을 빌려 가도 좋아요 : Certainly, you may borrow my umbrella

- 좀 도와주겠니? -- 그럼요 : Can you help me? -- Surely[certainly]!

* 근데 : a short form of 그런데(but, however)

* 2주일 : [Pronunciation: 이주일] two weeks

* 정도 : [程度] : (1) [양·우열 등(quantity, superiority, etc)] (a) degree; extent; a level; rate; (a) grade; (a) standard (3) [=한도] limit; bounds (4) [=가량•약•대략] about, approximately, roughly

- 생활 정도 : the standard of living / living standard

- 지능 정도 : the intellectual standard

- 손해의 정도 : the extent of loss[damage]

* -가 : a particle makes 정도 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 걸리다 : (1) (그림·해 등이) hang, be hung (2) (장애물·구멍 등에) catch, be caught, be[get] stuck (in); (기계 등에 끼이다) be[get] jammed; (발이) trip, stumble (3) (그물·덫 등에) (그물 등에) be[get] caught [entangled], (덫에) be trapped [entrapped] (4) (시간이) take (time) (5) require (6) cost

- 모자가 못에 걸려 있다 : A hat is hung on a peg

- 돌에 걸려 넘어지다 : trip[stumble] on[over] a stone and fall down

- 덫에 걸리다 : be caught in a trap[snare]

- 여기 오는 데 시간이 꽤 걸렸다 : It took a long time to get here

* 걸릴 : 걸리(the stem of 걸리다; 리 + -ㄹ contracted into 릴) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and attributive/adnominal)

* 거예요 : a short form of 것이에요

* 거 = 것 : a thing; a word makes a previous verb infinitive (앞의 동사를 부정사로 만드는 단어)

* 거예요 : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 여 contracted into 예) + -여(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix) --> -예요 always used after a word ends in a vowel like "거"

* 것이에요 : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)--> -이에요 always used after a word ends in a consonant like "것"

Let's learn about "무게"

* 무게 has the following two meanings

1) [=중량] weight; heft

- 실의 무게 : the weight of thread

- 대단한 무게 : a heavy[lumping] weight

- 무게로 내려앉다 : collapse[give way] beneath[under the weight of]

- 무게를 지탱하다 : bear the weight

- 자신의 몸무게를 달다 weigh oneself

- 무게가 많이 나가다 : be heavy

- 무게가 적게 나가다 : be light

- 달걀을 무게로 팔다 : sell eggs by weight

- 요새 내몸무게가 줄었다 : I have lost weight recently

- 저 정육점에서는 쇠고기의 무게를 넉넉하게 달아 판다 : They sell beef at good weight at that store

- 저 정육점에서는 쇠고기의 무게를 모자라게 달아 판다 : They sell beef at short weight at that store

- 이 애는 몸무게가 30킬로그램이나 나간다 : The child weighs all of 30 kilograms

- 이 수박이 무게가 더 나간다 : This watermelon is heavier than the other one

2) [=침착하고 의젓한 정도] weight; importance; dignity; authority; prestige

- 무게(가) 없는 : unimposing / undignified / of no weight

- 무게(가) 있는 사람 : a man of dignified presence

- 무게(가) 있는 말 a remark carrying weight[authority / conviction]

- 무게를 더하다 : gain in dignity

- 그녀의 말에는 무게가 있었다 : Her words carried weight

- 교장 선생님은 무게(가) 있는 분이다 : The principal is a very dignified person

3. Idioms

- 무게(의) 중심 : [－中心] the center/centre of gravity

Let's learn about "건강 관련 서적은 어디 있나요?"

건강 관련 서적은 어디 있나요? : Where do you have books on health?; Where can I find books on health?

서적의 종류 : kind of books

- 건강 관련 서적 : health books

- 다이어트 관련 서적 : diet books

- 요리책 : cook books

- 참고서 : reference books

- 영어 교재 : English learning books

  

ex)

A. 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있나요? : Where do you have books on health?

B. 건강 코너는 2층 소설 코너 옆에 있어요 : The health section is by our fiction section on the second floor

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있니? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있나? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있지? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있는가? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있는지? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있어? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있지요? (to younger people or friends)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있죠? (to younger people or friends; -죠 a short form of -지요?)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 건강 관련 서적은 어디 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스)

[explanations]

* 건강 : [健康] health

* -과 / -와 : with

* -과 : a suffix used after a word ends in a consonant

* -와 : a suffix used after a word ends in a vowel

* 관련 : [關聯] connection; relation; reference; correlation; association

* -되다 : become; See https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ko/dictionary/korean-english/이-되다_2

* -되다 is a suffix and has the following meanings

1) <동사적 명사에 붙어(attached to a verbial noun)> be; become; get to be

- 걱정되다 : be worried[anxious] about

3) <형용사적 명사나 부사적 어근에 붙어(attached to adjective nouns or adverbial stems)> be

- 참되다 : be true

* 관련하다 : be connected ; be related ; relate ; be correlated ; bear ; have a bearing ; refer ; connect (up)

-  …과/와 관련하여 in connection with / in relation to

* 관련되다 : be connected / be related 

* 관련시키다 : correlate / relate

* 관련된 : 관련되(the stem of 관련되다; 되 + -ㄴ contracted into 된) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)

* 관련 : a short form of (-과/-와) 관련(된) : be connected with ; be related with

* 서적 : [書籍] ＝책[冊] books

* -은: a suffix makes 건강 관련 서적 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 어디 : where

* 어디에 = 어데 : 어디(where) + -에(a place suffix; this omitted)

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-스-‘ / ‘-요’

* 건강 코너 : a short form of 건강 관련 서적 코너 in book store

* 코너 : corner

* -는: a suffix makes 건강 코너 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant

* 2층 : [Pronunciation: 이 층] second floor

* -에 : a place suffix; this omitted

* 소셜 코너 : 소셜 관련 서적 코너 in book store

* 소셜 코너 : social corner

* -의 : a suffix makes 소셜 코너 possesive; this omitted

* 옆 : [측면] the side; the flank; [근처] neighborhood; vicinity

- 옆의 [=측면의] side / lateral / flanking / [=이웃하는] neighboring / adjacent / nearly / next

- 집 옆을 지나가다 : pass by a house

- 옆을 향하게 하다  :turn sideways

- 나는 우연히 그의 옆에 앉았다 : I happened to sit side by side with him

- 옆에서 참견하지 마라 : Don't interfere[meddle]. / Don't poke your nose in[into] other people's business

- 옆얼굴 : a profile; a face in profile; a face as seen from the side; the side face

* -에 : a place suffix

- 옆에 : beside / by[at] the side of

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있어요 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let&#39;s learn about &quot;베스트셀러 코너는 어디예요?&quot;

베스트셀러 코너는 어디예요? = 베스트셀러 코너가 어디(에) 있어요?: Where can I find the best-sellers section?; Where’s the best-sellers section located?

ex)

A. 이번 주 베스트셀러는 어디(에) 있어요? : Where’s this week’s best-seller?

B. 3층으로 한 층 더 올라가셔야 해요 : You’ll have to go up a level to the third floor

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디니? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디야? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디인가? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어딘가? (a short form of 어디인가?)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디인지? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어딘지? (a short form of 어디인지?)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디이지? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디지? (a short form of 어디이지?)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있니? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있나? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있지? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있는가? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있는지? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있어? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어딘가요? (a short form of 어디인가요?)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어딘지요? (a short form of 어디인지요?)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디죠? (a short form of 어디이지요?)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디예요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어디입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 베스트셀러 코너는 어딥니까? (formal; a short form of 어디입니까?)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있지요? (to younger people or friends)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있죠? (to younger people or friends; -죠 a short form of -지요?)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 베스트셀러 코너가 어디 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스)

[explanations]

* 베스트셀러 : bestseller

* 코너 : corner

* -는 / -가 : a suffix makes 베스트셀러 코너 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 어디 : where

* -이다 : be

* 어디니? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -니 contracted into 니) + -니?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 어디냐? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -냐 contracted into 냐) + -냐?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 어디야? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -야 contracted into 야) + -야?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 어디인가? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 어디인지? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 어디이지? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 어디이지요? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 어디예요? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -에 contracted into 예) + -에?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 어디입니까? : 어디(where) + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* 어디에 : 어디(where) + -에(a place suffix; this omitted)

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -야? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -나? / -는가? / -ㄴ가? / -는지? / -ㄴ지? / -어? / -아? / -을까? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -예요? / -이에요? / -입니까? / -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-스-‘ / ‘-요’

* 이번 : this time

* 이 : this

* -번 : [-番] [suffix] (1) A bound noun used to indicate the sequence of a task(일의 차례를 나타내는 말) (2) A bound noun indicating the number assigned to a person or thing(어떠한 사람이나 사물에 매겨진 번호를 나타내는 말) (3) A bound noun that serves as a unit for counting the frequency of a task(일의 횟수를 세는 단위)

- 지난번 : the last time

- 이번 = 금번 : this time

* 주 : [週] a week

- 금[내 / 전]주 : this[next / last] week

* 이번 주 = 금주 : this week

* 3층 : [Pronunciation: 삼층] third floor

* -으로/-로 : to; toward

* 한 층 : one floor

* 더 : more

* 오르다 : [=아래에서 위로 옮다•올라가다] go[come] up; ascend; climb (up); rise

- 산에 오르다 : go up a hill[mountain] / climb[ascend / make an ascent of] a mountain

- 층계를 오르다 : go up a flight of stairs

- 나무에 오르다 : go up[climb (up)]a tree

- 지붕에 오르다 : climb (up) onto the roof

* 올라 : 오르(the stem of 오르다; 오르 + -아 contracted into 올라; ㄹ inserted between 오 and 라 for easy pronunciation) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 가다 : go

* 올라가다 : go up; climb up

* 올라가시다 : an honourific form of 올라가다 by '-시-'

* 올라가셔야 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어야/-아야/-여야(have to)

* 하다 : do

* -어야 하다 / -아야 하다 : have to do

* 해요 : 하(the stem of 하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let&#39;s learn about &quot;딸기가 제철이에요&quot;

딸기가 제철이에요 : Strawberries are in season

ex)

A. 요즘 딸기가 제철이에요 : Strawberries are in season

B. 그래요. 1킬로그램에 얼마예요? : Okay, How much is it per kilogram? / How much is it per kilogram? / How much is that by the kilogram? / How much per kilo?

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 딸기가 제철이다. (to younger people or friends)

- 딸기가 제철이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 딸기가 제철이야. (to younger people or friends)

- 딸기가 제철인데. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 딸기가 제철이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 딸기가 제철이에요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 딸기가 제철인데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 딸기가 제철입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘ㅂ’)

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

* 요즘 : a short form of 요즈음(these days)

* 딸기 : Strawberries

* -가 : a particle makes 딸기 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 제철 : [=알맞은 때] the right[best] season

- 제철인 과실 : fruits in season

- 제철이 아닌 과실 : fruits out of season

- 버섯은 지금이 제철이다 : Mushrooms are now in season

- 굴은 이제 제철이 지났다 : Oysters are now out of season

* 제철 : [製鐵] iron manufacture

- 종합 제철 공장 : an integrated steelworks

- 제철소 : an iron mill; an ironworks

- 제철업 : the iron industry

- 제철업자 : an ironmaster; an iron manufacturer

- 제철 회사 : an iron (manufacturing) company

* 제철하다 : manufacture iron

* 이다 : be

* -입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a noun + -(이)다 / -(이)네 / -(이)야 / -(이)ㄴ데 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 이다

* a noun + -(이)네 / (이)ㄴ데+ -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a noun + -이에요 / -예요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ'

* -이에요 : this is used after a word ends in a consonant

ex) 생각뿐이에요 : I think of you only

* -예요 : : this is used after a word ends in a vowel

ex) 바다예요 : this is the sea

* 그러하다 / 그리하다 / 그렇다 : [Pronunciation: 그럳타] be so; be such

* 그래요 : 그렇(the stem of 그렇다; ㅎ erased before 아; 러 + -아 contracted into 래) + -아(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 1킬로그램 : [Pronunciation: 일킬로그램] 1 kg

* -에 : A postpositional particle to indicate that the preceding statement is a unit or subject that is the standard for something(앞말이 기준이 되는 대상이나 단위임을 나타내는 조사)

* 얼마 : How much

* 이다 : be

* 얼마예요? : 얼마 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -여 contracted into 예) + -여?(a non-honourific interrogative  verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 얼마입니까? : 얼마 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific  interrogative  verb ending suffix)

Let&#39;s learn about &quot;비계는 빼 주세요&quot;

비계는 빼 주세요 : Could you trim the fat off that meat?; Could you get rid of the fat?

* 잘라 내다, 쳐내다 : trim off

ex)

A. 비계는 다 떼어 내고 주세요 : Could you trim the fat off that meat?

B. 이런 고기는 비계가 있어야 맛있는데요 : This kind of meat is not good without the fat

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 비계는 빼 줘. (to younger people or friends)

- 비계는 빼 줘라. (to younger people or friends)

- 비계는 빼 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 비계는 빼 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 비계는 빼 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 비계는 빼 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 비계는 빼 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 비계는 빼 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 비계는 빼 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 비계는 빼 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)

- 비계는 빼 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 비계는 빼 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 비계는 빼 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]

* 비계 : lard; fat

* -는 : a particle makes 비계 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this can be replaced by -를(a particle makes 비계 objective after a word ends in a vowel)

* 비계 [秘計] : a secret plan; a deep plot; a secret [underhand] scheme; the best card; one's trump (card)

- 비계를 쓰다 : play one's best[trump] card

* 빼다 : (1) take[put] out; get out; draw[pull / pluck] out; extract; draw off[pump out] ; drain off[away]; trim off (2) =[감하다] subtract ; [공제하다] deduct[subtract] ; take away[off]

- 서랍을 빼다 : pull[draw] out a drawer

- 이를 빼다 : extract[draw / pull out] a tooth / have a tooth out

- 권총을 빼다 : draw a revolver

- 칼을 번개같이 빼다 : whip out a sword

- (구경하려고) 목을 길게 빼다 : crane one's neck.

- 급료에서 세금을 뺀 금액 : the amount (left) after taxes are deducted from one's salary

- 5에서 3을 빼다 : subtract 3 from 5

* 빼 : 빼(the stem of 빼다; 빼 + -어 contracted into 여) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence

* 빼 주다 : trim off (with an effort) something

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")

* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"

* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 자르다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] (1) [=끊어 내다] cut; chop(도끼 등으로); saw(톱으로); clip(가위로); shear(큰 가위로); carve(식탁에서 요리한 고기를); hash(고기 등을 잘게); slice(빵을) (2) [=해고하다] dismiss; discharge; fire (3) [=단호하게 행하다] act decisively

- 잘게 자르다 : cut fine[into small pieces]

- 잘라 내다 : cut off[out / away] / whittle down(작은 칼로) / tear off(손으로) / resect(일부를)

- 가지를 잘라 내다 : cut off[prune] a branch

- 가위로 머리칼을 자르다 : cut hair with scissors

- 이 케이크를 둘로 잘라 주시오 : Please cut the cake into two

- 그 빵을 한 조각 잘라 주실 수 없겠습니까 : Will you slice that bread for me?

- 당근은 큼직하게 자르고 양파는 잘게 자릅니다 : Chop carrots and mince onions

- 이 나무를 자르는 데 5시간이 걸렸다 : It took me five hours to cut down[fell] the tree

- 사장은 당장에 그의 목을 잘랐다 : Boss fired him out in no time

- 딱 잘라 거절하다 : refuse flatly / give a flat[a point-blank / a square / an outright] refusal

- 잘라 말하다 : state clearly[definitely] / make a definite statement / declare / affirm / assert

- 그녀는 그의 제의를 딱 잘라 거절했다 : She flatly refused his offer

- 그의 부탁을 딱 잘라 거절할 수가 없었다 : I couldn't give a flat refusal to his request

- 잘라 말할 수는 없지만 3일까지는 회답이 올 것으로 생각한다 : I cannot say for sure that the answer will come by the third, but I think it will

- 그의 친구들은 그가 결백하다고 잘라 말했다 : His friends affirmed that he was innocent

* 잘리다 : passive form of 자르다; (1) [=끊어지다] be cut (off); be chopped; be severed; be torn; (나무가) be felled[hewed]; be cut down (2) [=떼어먹히다] be bilked; become irrecoverable

- 목이 잘리다 : be decapitated[beheaded] / [=해고되다] be dismissed[discharged] / be fired / get the ax(e) /get the boot

- 나무가 잘린 곳 : the cleaved space

- 내 손가락이 잘렸다 : I had my finger cut

- 강풍으로 전깃줄이 잘리었다 : The gale tore up telegraph wire

- 집에 세든 자에게 집세를 잘렸다 = 집에 세든 사람에게 집세를 떼였다 : My tenant bilked me of the rent

* 잘라 : 자르(the stem of 자르다; 자르 + -아 contracted into 잘라; ㄹ inserted between 자 and 라 for easy pronunciation) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 내다 : (1) give out; put out (2) buy something for someone; treat someone

* 잘라 내다 : cut off; trim off

* 치다 : (1) hit (2) play (games like badminton, tennis) in the sentence

- 배드민턴을 치다 = 배드민턴치다 : play badminton

- 테니스를 치다 = 테니스치다 : play tennis

* 쳐 : 치다(the stem of 치다; 치 + -여 contracted into 쳐) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 쳐내다 : get rid of; trim off

ex)

* 다 / 모두 다 / 모두 : all

* 떼다 : [=자르다] cut; strip off; [=분리하다] detach; unfix;  lay off

* 떼어 : 떼(the stem of 떼다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 떼어 내다 : take off

* 떼어 내고 : 떼어 내(the stem of 떼어 내다) + -고(and then)

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence

* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 이런 : [=이러한] such; this; like this; such ‥ as this; of this kind[sort]

* 고기 : (1) [=육류] meat (2) [=어류] fish

* -는 : a particle makes 고기 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel

* 비계 : lard; fat

* -가 : a particle makes 비계 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 있다 : be; exist

* 있어야 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어야/-아야(have to)

* 하다 : do

* -어야 하다 / -아야 하다 : have to do

* 맛있는 / 맛난 : delicious

* 맛있다 : be delicious

* 맛있게 : an adverb form of 맛있는 by '-게'

* 맛있는데요 : 맛있(the stem of 맛있다) + -는데(A sentence-final ending used to admire something while anticipating the listener's response; A sentence-final ending used to ask the listener while anticipating his/her answer; A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let's learn about "우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급해요"

우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급해요 : We only carry fresh meat; We guarantee the freshness of all our meats; We guarantee freshness

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급한다. (to younger people or friends)

- 우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급하네. (to younger people or friends)

- 우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급해. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급하네요. (honourific by '-요')

- 우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급해요. (honourific by '-요')

- 우리 가게는 신선한 고기만 취급합니다.. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

* 우리 : we (non-honourific word)

* 저희 : we (honourific word)

* -의 : a suffix makes 우리 / 저희 possesive

* 가게 : shop

* -는 : a particle makes 우리 가게 / 저희 가게 subjective after a word ends in a vowel

* 신선 / 신선한 : [from chinese] (1) fresh; sweet (2) new

<-- 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a descriptive verb adnominal)

* 신선하다 : (1) be fresh; be sweet (2) be new

* 고기 : (1) [=육류] meat (2) [=어류] fish

* -만 : only

* 취급 : [取扱] (1) [사람:human being] treatment; reception; dealing; usage; (2) [고객:customer] service; business manners (3) [물건•사물:thing] handling; manipulation; working; treatment; handling; dealing; use

* 취급하다 = 취급(을) 하다 : a verb form of 취급

* 취급한다 : present tense of 취급하다 by '-ㄴ'

* 취급해 : 취급하(the stem of 취급하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 취급해요 : 취급하(the stem of 취급하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 취급합니다 : 취급하(the stem of 취급하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

Let's learn about "유기농 제품인가요?"

유기농 제품인가요? : Were these organically grown?; Is it organic?; Are these organic?; These weren’t genetically engineered, were they?

* 유기농 재배의 : organically grown

* 유전자 변형된 : genetically engineered

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 유기농 제품이니? (to younger people or friends)

- 유기농 제품이냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 유기농 제품이야? (to younger people or friends)

- 유기농 제품이지? (to younger people or friends)

- 유기농 제품인가? (to younger people or friends)

- 유기농 제품인지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 유기농 제품이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 유기농 제품이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 유기농 제품인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 유기농 제품인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 유기농 제품입니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

* 유기농 : a short form of 유기농업

* 유기농업 : [有機農業] a farming method that uses organic fertilizers without using pesticides or chemical fertilizers(농약·화학 비료 따위를 쓰지 않고, 유기 비료를 써서 짓는 농사법)

* -의 : a suffix makes 유기농 possesive

* 제품 : [製品] : manufactured goods [articles]; manufactures; finished goods

* 제품입니까? : 제품 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific  interrogative  verb ending suffix)

* a noun + -(이)니? / -(이)냐? / -(이)야? / -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -(이)지? : a questioning form of 이다

* a noun + -인가? / -ㄴ가? / -인지? / -ㄴ지? / -(이)지? + -요 : an honourific ending suffix

* a noun + -예요? / -이에요? / -입니까? : an honourific questioning form of 이다 by '-요' / ‘-ㅂ'

* -이에요? should be used after a noun ends in a consonant like 세일 기간

- 세일 중이에요? : Is it on sale?

* -예요? should be used after a noun ends in a vowel like 뭐

- 이건 뭐예요? : What is this?

* 재배 : [再拜] [=두 번 하는 절] twice bowing

* 재배하다 : bow twice

* 재배 : [栽培] cultivation; culture; raising; growing

- 커피 재배 : coffee growing

- 수경(水耕) 재배 : hydroponics / aquiculture

- 속성 재배 : forcing[intensive] culture / forcing

- 온실 재배를 하다 : raise in a hothouse[a greenhouse]

- 속성 재배를 하다 : force

- 수경 재배를 하다 : grow using hydroponic methods

- 그 지방에서는 사탕수수의 재배가 성하다 : Sugarcane is widely cultivated in that region

* 재배하다 : cultivate; grow; raise

- 온실에서 재배한 장미 : a hothouse rose

- 재배되고 있다 : be in cultivation

- 비닐 하우스에서 채소를 재배하다 : grow vegetables in a plastic greenhouse

- 그는 장미를 여러 종류 재배하고 있다 : He grows[raises] many kinds of roses

- 재배법 : a method of cultivation

- 재배종 : agricultural species

* -의 : a suffix makes a noun an adjective/adnominal

* 변형 : [變形] [=모양·형태를 바꿈] transformation; variation; modification; metamorphosis; deformation; [=바꾼 모양] a variety; a modification; [=기형] a deformity

* 변형하다 : [=바꾸다] change; transform; metamorphose; [=바뀌다] transform ; change ; turn ; be transformed[metamorphosed] into

- 선인장의 가시는 잎이 변형한 것이다 = 선인장의 가시는 잎이 변형된 것이다: Cactus thorns are metamorphosed leaves

* 변형되다 : passive form of 변형하다 by '-되다'

* 변형된 : 변형되(the stem of 변형되다; 되 + -ㄴ contracted into 된) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)

Let's learn about "무게 좀 달아 주세요"

무게 좀 달아 주세요 : Could you weigh these?; Weigh them, please; Weigh these for me, please.

* 무게를 달다 : weigh

ex)

A. 무게 좀 달아 주세요. 얼마예요? : Could you weigh these? How much are they?

B. 정확하게 4파운드니까 5달러 50센트예요 : You have exactly four pounds here. So it’ll be $5.50

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 무게 좀 달아 줘. (to younger people or friends)

- 무게 좀 달아 줘라. (to younger people or friends)

- 무게 좀 달아 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 무게 좀 달아 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 무게 좀 달아 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 무게 좀 달아 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 무게 좀 달아 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 무게 좀 달아 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 무게 좀 달아 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 무게 좀 달아 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)

- 무게 좀 달아 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 무게 좀 달아 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 무게 좀 달아 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]

* 무게 : [=중량] weight; heft

* -를 : a particle makes 무게 objective after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted

* 좀 : a little with nuance of "please"; this can be omitted

* 달다 : [ㄹ 불규칙] (1) [=달콤하다] be sweet; be sugary  (1) [=걸다] hang (up); suspend; put up; dangle (3) weigh something

* 놓다 : [Pronunciation: 녿타] put

* 달아 : 달(the stem of 달다) + -아(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 달아 놓다 : (1) [=매달아 놓다] hang something up (2) [=외상으로 사다] buy sth on credit; have sth charged to one's account

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence

* 달아 주다 : (1) hang (up) (with an effort) something (2) weigh the weight of something/somebody

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")

* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"

* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 얼마 : How much

* 이다 : be

* 얼마예요? : 얼마 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -여 contracted into 예) + -여?(a non-honourific interrogative  verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 정확 ; [正確] [=바르고 확실함] correctness; exactness; accuracy; precision

* 정확하다 : be correct; be exact; be accurate; be precise

* 정확한 : correct; exact; accurate; precise

- 정확한 시간 : correct[exact] time

* 정확하게 : an adverb form of 정확하다

* 4 파운드 : [Pronunciation: 사 파운드] 4 pounds

* 이다 : be

* 니까 : a short form of 이니까 after a word ends in a vowel

* 이니까 : this used after a word ends in a consonant; 이(the stem of 이다) + -니까(because of)

* 5 달러 : [Pronunciation: 오 달레] 5 dollars

* 50 센트 : [Pronunciation: 오십 센트] 50 cents

* 예요 : a short form of 이에요 after a word ends in a vowel

* 이에요 : this used after a word ends in a consonant; 이(the stem of 이다) + -에(a descriptive verb ending suffix; this changed from 어 for easy pronunciation) + 요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let's learn about "아주 신선합니다"

아주 신선합니다. 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔어요 : They’re as fresh as it can get. We just brought them in this morning

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 아주 신선하다. (to younger people or friends)

- 아주 신선하네. (to younger people or friends)

- 아주 신선해. (to younger people or friends)

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔다. (to younger people or friends)

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔네. (to younger people or friends)

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔어. (to younger people or friends)

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔는데. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 아주 신선하네요. (honourific by '-요')

- 아주 신선해요. (honourific by '-요')

- 아주 신선합니다.. (formal; honourific by '-ㅂ')

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔는데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 오늘 아침에 막 들어왔습니다. (formal; more honourific by ‘스-’)

[explanations]

* 아주 : really

* 신선 / 신선한 : [from chinese] (1) fresh; sweet (2) new

<-- 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a descriptive verb adnominal)

* 신선하다 : (1) be fresh; be sweet (2) be new

* 신선해 : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -어(a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 신선해요 : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 신선합니다 : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* 오늘 / 금일[今日] : today; this day

* 아침 : (1) [=아침 식사] breakfast; the morning meal (2) morning

* 새벽 : [=날이 밝을 무렵·먼동이 트기 전·여명] dawn; daybreak; the break of day; the peep of day; the crack of dawn

-새벽 부터 해거름까지 : from dawn till dark

* -에 : a time suffix

* 아침에 : in the morning

* 새벽에 : early in the morning / at dawn[daybreak] / at break of day / before daybreak

 * 막 : [=방금] just; just[right] at the moment; just now

* 지금 : now

* 들다 : (1) [=들어가다] go in[into]; get in[into]; come in[into] (2) [=안에 담겨 있다] have, contain, hold

* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 오다 : come

* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어오다 : come in

* 들어왔다 : past tense of 들어오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어왔는데요 : 들어왔(the stem of 들어왔다) + -는데(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -은데  : a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people

* -ㄴ데 : this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel like 크다

* -는데 : this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel or consonant like 오다 / 들어오다

* -은데 : this used after the stem of a verb ends in a consonant like 작다

* 들어왔어요 : 들어왔(the stem of 들어왔다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 들어왔습니다 : 들어왔(the stem of 들어왔다] + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -다 / -네 / -아 / -어 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix

* a verb + -네 / -아 / -어 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '-ㅂ'

Let&#39;s learn about &quot;방금 들어온 겁니다&quot;

방금 들여온 겁니다 = (방금) 막 들어온 겁니다 : We just got them in; Those are very fresh

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 방금 들여온 거다. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 거네. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 거야. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 건데. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 것이다. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 것이네. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 것이야. (to younger people or friends)

- 방금 들여온 것인데. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 방금 들여온 거네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 방금 들여온 거예요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 방금 들여온 건데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 방금 들여온 겁니다. (formal; honourific by ‘ㅂ’)

- 방금 들여온 것이네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 방금 들여온 것이에요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 방금 들여온 것인데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 방금 들여온 것입니다. (formal; honourific by ‘ㅂ’)

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

 * 방금 : [=막] just; just[right] at the moment; just now

* 지금 : now

* 들다 : (1) [=들어가다] go in[into]; get in[into]; come in[into] (2) [=안에 담겨 있다] have, contain, hold

* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 오다 : come

* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어오다 : come in

* 들어왔다 : past tense of 들어오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어온 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다; 오 + -ㄴ contracted into 온) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence

* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 거 = 것 : a thing; a stuff; 거 is a short form of 것

* 이다 : be

* 거다 = 것이다

* 거네 = 것이네 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -네

* 거야 = 것이야 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -야

* 건데 = 것인데 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ데

* 거예요 = 것이에요 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -에 + -요

* 건데요 = 것인데요 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ데 + -요

* 겁니다 = 것입니다 : 것 + -이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다

* -입니다 : 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* a noun + -(이)다 / -(이)네 / -(이)야 / -(이)ㄴ데 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 이다

* a noun + -(이)네 / (이)ㄴ데+ -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a noun + -이에요 / -예요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ'

* -이에요 : this is used after a word ends in a consonant

ex) 생각뿐이에요 : I think of you only

* -예요 : : this is used after a word ends in a vowel

ex) 바다예요 : this is the sea

Let's learn about "이 생선 언제 들어온 거예요"

이 생선 언제 들어온 거예요? : When were these fish brought in?; When did you get these fish?

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거니? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거야? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 건가? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 건지? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거지? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이니? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이야? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것인가? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것인지? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거예요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 건가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 건지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 거죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 겁니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것이죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)

- 이 생선 언제 들어온 것입니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

* [Memo]

* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) :  주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다

[explanations]

* 이 : this

* 생선 : [生鮮] fresh[raw] fish; fish

- 생선을 먹다 : eat fish

- 생선을 굽다 : broil fish

- 생선을 요리[손질]하다 : dress fish

- 저 요리집에서는 좋은 생선을 쓴다 : They use good fish at that restaurant

- 생선 가게 : a fish shop

- 생선 구이 : roast[broiled] fish

- 생선국 : fish soup

- 생선묵 : fish paste

- 생선 시장 : a fish market

- 생선 장수 a dealer in fish; a fish dealer; a fishmonger; [행상인] a fish peddler

- 생선회 (fresh) slices of raw fish; sliced raw fish; [요리(cooking)] a dish of sliced raw fish (and vegetables seasoned in vinegar)

- 생선회를 치다 : slice raw fish / prepare sliced raw fish

* -은 : a particle makes 이 생선 the topic of the sentence aftera word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 언제 : when

* 들다 : (1) [=들어가다] go in[into]; get in[into]; come in[into] (2) [=안에 담겨 있다] have, contain, hold

* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 오다 : come

* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어오다 : come in

* 들어왔다 : past tense of 들어오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어온 : 들어오(the stem of 들어오다; 오 + -ㄴ contracted into 온) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence

* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 거 : a short form of 것(thing)

* 이다 : be

* 거니? : a short form of 것이니?

* 거냐? : a short form of 것이냐?

* 거야? : a short form of 것이야?

* 건가? : a short form of 것인가?

* 건지? : a short form of 것인지?

* 거지? : a short form of 것이지?

* 건가요? : a short form of 것인가요?

* 건지요? : a short form of 것인지요?

* 거지요? : a short form of 것이지요?

* 거죠? : a short form of 것이죠?

* 거예요? : a short form of 것이에요?

* 겁니까? : a short form of 것입니까?

* 건지? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 건가? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 거예요? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 여 contracted into 예) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix) --> -예요 always used after a word ends in a vowel like "거"

* 겁니까?: 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* 것인지? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 것인가? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 것이에요? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)--> -이에요 always used after a word ends in a consonant like "것"

* 것입니까?: 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -냐? / -야? / -ㄴ가? / -ㄴ지? / -지? / -어? / -여? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㄴ가? / -ㄴ지? / -지? / -어? / -여? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘스-‘ / '시-' / ‘-ㅂ’

Let&amp;#39;s learn about &amp;quot;이 생선 신선한 거예요?&amp;quot;

이 생선 신선한 거예요? : Are these fish fresh?; How fresh are your fish?

ex)

A. 이 생선 신선해요? : Are these fish fresh?

B. 물론이죠. 방금 들어왔어요 : Of course, they’ve just arrived

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 이 생선 신선한 거니? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 거냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 거야? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 건가? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 건지? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 거지? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이니? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이야? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 것인가? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 것인지? (to younger people or friends)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 이 생선 신선한 거예요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 건가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 건지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 거지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 거죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)

- 이 생선 신선한 겁니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이에요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 것인가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 것인지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 생선 신선한 것이죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 is a short form of -지요?)

- 이 생선 신선한 것입니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)

[explanations]

* 이 : this

* 생선 : [生鮮] fresh[raw] fish; fish

- 생선을 먹다 : eat fish

- 생선을 굽다 : broil fish

- 생선을 요리[손질]하다 : dress fish

- 저 요리집에서는 좋은 생선을 쓴다 : They use good fish at that restaurant

- 생선 가게 : a fish shop

- 생선 구이 : roast[broiled] fish

- 생선국 : fish soup

- 생선묵 : fish paste

- 생선 시장 : a fish market

- 생선 장수 a dealer in fish; a fish dealer; a fishmonger; [행상인] a fish peddler

- 생선회 (fresh) slices of raw fish; sliced raw fish; [요리(cooking)] a dish of sliced raw fish (and vegetables seasoned in vinegar)

- 생선회를 치다 : slice raw fish / prepare sliced raw fish

* -은 : a particle makes 이 생선 the topic of the sentence aftera word ends in a consonant; this omitted

* 신선 / 신선한 : [from chinese] (1) fresh; sweet (2) new

<-- 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a descriptive verb adnominal)

* 신선하다 : (1) be fresh; be sweet (2) be new

* 신선하지 : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -지(a connection suffix makes a verb negative meaning before a verb means negative nuance)

* 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타] be not; never

* 않는다 : present form of 않다 by '-는-'

* 않았다 : past tense of 않다 by '-았-'

* 않습니다 : 않(the stem of 않다) + 스-(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence

* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb

* 거 : a short form of 것(thing)

* 이다 : be

* 거니? : a short form of 것이니?

* 거냐? : a short form of 것이냐?

* 거야? : a short form of 것이야?

* 건가? : a short form of 것인가?

* 건지? : a short form of 것인지?

* 거지? : a short form of 것이지?

* 건가요? : a short form of 것인가요?

* 건지요? : a short form of 것인지요?

* 거지요? : a short form of 것이지요?

* 거죠? : a short form of 것이죠?

* 거예요? : a short form of 것이에요?

* 겁니까? : a short form of 것입니까?

* 건지? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 건가? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 거예요? : 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 여 contracted into 예) + -여?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix) --> -예요 always used after a word ends in a vowel like "거"

* 겁니까?: 거 + 이(the stem of 이다; this omitted) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* 것인지? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 것인가? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㄴ가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 것이에요? : 것 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + 어 contracted into 에) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)--> -이에요 always used after a word ends in a consonant like "것"

* 것입니까?: 것 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -냐? / -야? / -ㄴ가? / -ㄴ지? / -지? / -어? / -여? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb + -ㄴ가? / -ㄴ지? / -지? / -어? / -여? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니까? / -십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘스-‘ / '시-' / ‘-ㅂ’

* 신선해? : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 신선해요? : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 신선합니까? : 신선하(the stem of 신선하다) + -ㅂ니까(an  honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 물론 : [勿論] of course; to be sure; undoubtedly; naturally; needless to say

* 이다 : be

* 이죠 : a short form of 이지요

* 이지요 : 이(the stem of  이다)  + -지(a descriptivr verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

 방금 : [=막] just; just[right] at the moment; just now

* 지금 : now

* 들다 : (1) [=들어가다] go in[into]; get in[into]; come in[into] (2) [=안에 담겨 있다] have, contain, hold

* 들어 : 들(the stem of 들다) + -어(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 오다 : come

* 왔다 : past tense of 오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어오다 : come in

* 들어왔다 : past tense of 들어오다 by '-았-'; 오 + -았 contracted into 왔

* 들어왔어요 : 들어왔(the stem of 들어왔다) + -어(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

Let's learn about "굽이 더 높은 건 없나요?"

굽이 더 높은 건 없나요? : Is there anything higher?; Anything in higher heels?

ex)

A. 굽이 더 높은 건 없나요? : Is there anything higher?

B. 저쪽 선반 한번 보세요 : Yes, look on the other rack over there

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없니? (to younger people or friends)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없나? (to younger people or friends)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없어? (to younger people or friends)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없는가? (to younger people or friends)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없는지? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘스’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없으신가요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없으신지요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없으세요? (more honourific by ‘-시’)

- 굽이 더 높은 건 없으십니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스’)

[explanations]

* 굽 : [신발의 굽] a heel; [그릇의 굽] a foot; a base; a stem

- 사발 굽 : the bottom of a dish

- 굽이 높은 구두 : high-heeled shoes

- 굽이 낮은 구두 : low-heeled shoes

- 구두의 굽이 완전히 닳아 버렸다 : The heels of my shoes are completely worn down

- 그는 굽이 닳아빠진 구두를 신고 있었다 : He was down at heel

* -이 : a particle makes 굽 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 높은 : [Pronunciation: 노픈] high

* 높다 : [Pronunciation: 놉따] be high

* 낮은 [Pronunciation: 나즌] : low; underneath

* 낮다 : [Pronunciation: 낟따] be low; be underneath

* 건 = 게 = 거 = 것 : these can be exchangeable

* 건 : a short form of 것은

* 게 : a short form of 것이

* 거 / 것 : a thing

* -는/가 : a particle makes 거 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel ; this is often omitted

* -은/이 : a particle makes 것 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a consonant ; this is often omitted

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있으시다 : an honourific form of 있다 by '-으시'

* 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따] be not ; don’t exist; there is not ; there are not

* 없으시다 : an honourific form of 없다 by '-으시'

* 없습니까? : 없(the stem of 없다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* 없으신가요? : 없(the stem of 없다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄴ가?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 없으신지요? : 없(the stem of 없다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄴ지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 없으세요? : 없(the stem of 없다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 없으십니까? : 없(the stem of 없다) + -으시(s suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ’)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -어? / -는가? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb + -나? / -아? / -는가? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -으세요? / -으십니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix by ‘스-‘ / ‘-ㅂ’

* 이 : this

* 저 : that

* 쪽 : side; direction

* -에/-의: a place suffix

* 이쪽(에) = 이쪽(의): this side; here

* 저쪽(에) = 저쪽(의): that side; over there

* 선반 : shelf; rack

* -을 : a particle makes 저쪽(의) 선반 objective after a word ends in a consonant

* 한 번 : one time <-- 한(one) + 번(a unit count numeric; times)

* 보다 : look; see; watch

* 한 번 보다 : have a look at; have a look around

* 보세요 : 보(the stem of  보다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

Let's learn about "이 사이즈로 다른 신발 좀 보여 주세요"

이 사이즈로 다른 신발 좀 보여 주세요 : Could I see other shoes in this size?; Do you mind showing me another one in this size?; Is there anything else in this size?; Show me your other selection of shoes in this size.

ex

A. 이 사이즈로 다른 신발 좀 보여 주세요 : Could I see other shoes in this size?

B. 발이 작으셔서 선택의 폭이 그리 넓진 않네요 : Your feet are very small and there aren’t so many options

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 줘. (to younger people or friends)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 줘라. (to younger people or friends)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 줄래. (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 줘요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 줄래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주실래요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)

- 이 사이즈로 다른 신발(을) 좀 보여 주시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)

[explanations]

* 이 : this

* 사이즈 : size

* -으로 / -로 : A postpositional particle that indicates a thought about something(어떤 사물에 대하여 생각하는 바를 나타내는 조사)

- 으로 : this is used after a word ends in a consonant

* -로 : this is used after a word ends in a vowel

* 나 : I (non-honourific word to younger people or friends)

* 저 : I (honourific word to the elderly)

* -한테 / -에게 : to

* 나한테 / 나에게 / 저한테 / 저에게 : to me (these are omitted)

* 다른 : different

* 다르다 : be different

* 신발 = 신 : [Pronunciation: high pitch short tone] shoes

* -이 : a particle makes 이 신발 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* -을 : a particle makes 신발 objective after a word ends in a consonant: this can be omitted

* 좀 : a little with nuance of "please"; this can be omitted

* 보다 : see; look; watch

* 보이다 : passive form of 보다 by '-이-'

* 보여 : 보이(the stem of 보이다; 이 + -여 contracted into 여) + -여(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* 주다 : (1) give (2) have an effort to in the sentence

* 보여 주다 : show (with an effort) something

* 줘 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -어(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please  ~")

* 줘라 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -어라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 줄래 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 줄래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주세요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주셔요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주실래요 : 주(the stem of 주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주십시오 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* 주시겠어요 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)

* 주시겠습니까 : 주(the stem of  주다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks rhe listener's will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")

* a verb + -어 / -어라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~"

* a verb + -어 / -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -세요 / -셔요 / -실래요 / -십시오 / -ㅂ시오 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific imperative or propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~”

* 발 : feet

* -이: a particle makes 발 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 작다 : [Pronunciation: 작따] be small; be short

* 크다 : be big; be long

* 작으시다 : an honourific form of 작다 by '-으시-'(this is used after the stem of a verb ends in a consonant)

* 크시다 : an honourific form of 크다 by '-시-'(this is used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel)

* 작으셔서 : 작으시(the stem of 작으시다; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -어서/-아서/-여서(because; because of)

* 크셔서 : 크시(the stem of 크시다; 시 + -여 contracted into 셔) + -어서/-아서/-여서(because; because of)

* 선택 : [選擇] (a) choice; (a) selection; option; selectivity

* 선택하다 : [=~을/를 취하다] choose; pick; take

* -의 : a suffix makes 선택 possesive

* 폭 width; breadth; range

* -이: a particle makes 폭 subjective after a word ends in a consonant

* 그러하다 / 그리하다 / 그렇다 : [Pronunciation: 그럳타] be so; be such

* 그리 : (1) [=그렇게] in that way; like that; so (2) [=그쪽으로] in that direction; that way; to that place; there; thither

- 너는 그리해야 한다 : You should do it that way[in that manner]

- 그리 생각합니까 : Do you think so?

- 그의 작품은 그리 인기가 없다 : His works are not so[overly] popular

- 그리 가겠습니다 : I am going there

- 그리 가지 말게 : Don't go there. / You must not go in that direction

* 그렇게 : [Pronunciation: 그러케] like that; so much

* 넓은 : [Pronunciation: 널븐] wide; broad

* 넓다 : [Pronunciation: 넙따] be wide; be broad

* 넓지 : [Pronunciation: 넙찌] 넓(the stem of 넓다) + -지(a connection suffix is used before an interrogative word)

* 않다 : [Pronunciation: 안타] be not; never

* 않네요 : [Pronunciation: 안네요] 않(the stem of 않다) +네(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 않아요 : [Pronunciation: 안아요] 않(the stem of 않다) +아(a descriptive verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 않습니다 : [Pronunciation: 안습니다] 않(the stem of 않다) + 스-(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)

Let&#39;s learn about &quot;죄다&quot;

* 죄다 has the following meanings

* 죈다 : present tense of 죄다 by '-ㄴ'

* 죄이다 : passive form of 죄다 by '-이-'

1. 동사(verb); a short form of 조이다

1) [느슨한 것을 죄다] tighten; make tight(er); strain; draw in; stretch; [=수축시키다] contract; [=조르다] strangle; wring

- 볼트를 죄다 : tighten (up) a bolt

- 나사로 죄다 : screw

- 바이올린의 줄을 죄다 : screw up[stretch] the strings of a violin

- 느슨한 줄을 죄다 : tighten[strain] a loose rope / stretch a loose rope tight

- 고삐를 죄다 : tighten[pull up] the reins

- 혁대를 죄다 : tighten a belt

- 기타의 줄을 죄다 : tighten the strings of a guitar

- 나사 돌리개로 나사를 죄다 : tighten a screw with a screwdriver.

2) [=벌어진 사이를 좁히다] put[place] close; [=자리를 좁히다) sit up; sit close[closely]

- 열과 열 사이를 죄다 = 열과 열 사이를 좁히다 : close the ranks

- 자리를 더 죄어 앉다 = 자리를 더 좁혀서 앉다 : sit up a little closer / sit closer together

3) [=마음을 조이다] feel anxious[uneasy / nervous] ; be fidgety; be worried ; worry (oneself)

- 결과가 어찌 될까 마음을 죄다 : be worried over the result / be worried over how it will turn out

- 돌아오기를 마음 죄며 기다리다 : wait in anxious suspense

2. 부사(adverb)

[=전부•몽땅] all; wholly; entirely; all through[together]; in all; altogether

- 죄다 자백하다 : confess everything

- 용돈을 죄다 써 버리다 : spend the last penny of one's pocket money

- 가지고 있는 것을 죄다 주다 : give everything that one has

- 죄다 훌륭한 것들이다 : They are all beautiful

- 내가 알고 있는 것은 죄다 말했습니다 : I have told you all I know

- 죄다 고백해라 Make a clean breast of it. / Own up! / Confess everything!

* 죄이다 has the following meanings

1) [물건이 죄이다] tighten; be tightened; be constricted; stiffen

- 가슴이 죄이는 느낌 : a constriction in the chest

2) [마음이 죄이다] feel anxious[uneasy / nervous]; be held[kept] in suspense

* 조마조마하다 = 조마조마 : feel nervous[timid / uneasy]; be in great fear ; be kept in suspense; be in a fidget[flutter]

- 조마조마해 하면서 : [불안으로 = 불안때문에(with anxiety)] in great fear / in thrilling[breathless] suspense / [기대 등으로(expectation etc)] with breathless interest

- 조마조마하게 하다 : put into a flutter / keep in suspense / make[drive] nervous

- 나는 불안으로 가슴이 조마조마했다 : I felt ill at ease. / My heart was filled with misgivings[anxiety]

- 네가 무슨 말을 꺼낼까 마음이 조마조마했다 : I was anxious[uneasy] about what you were going to say

- 보고만 있어도 조마조마하다 : It makes me feel uneasy[nervous] just to see it

- 나는 들킬까 봐 조마조마했다 : I was afraid[was in fear] of being found out

- 나는 경기의 처음부터 끝까지 조마조마했다 : The game kept me in suspense from start to finish

- 그녀는 무대의 막 뒤에서 조마조마한 마음으로 딸의 연기를 지켜보고 있었다 : She was watching her daughter's performance with bated breath from behind the curtain