기름이 거의 떨어졌어요: We’re low on gas; We’re running out of gas; The tank is low; It’s almost empty; We’re almost out of gas.
* 거의 없다 : be low on
* ~이 다 떨어지다 : run out of
ex)
A. 기름이 다 떨어져 가네. 다음 주유소에서 채워야겠다 : We’re low on gas. We’d better fill it up at the next gas station
B. 학교까지는 갈 수 있을까? 이미 시험에 늦었는데 : Do you think we can make it to school? We’re already late for our exams
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌다. (to younger people or friends)
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌네. (to younger people or friends)
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌어. (to younger people or friends)
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌는데! (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌어요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌는데요! (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 기름이 거의 떨어졌습니다. (formal; more honourific by '스')
[explanations]
* 기름 : (1) [=식물유·동물유·광물유] oil; grease; [=동물의 지방] fat; lard; suet; blubber (2) [=석유] petrol
* -이 : a particle 기름 subjective after a word ends in a consonant
* 거의 : almost
* 떨어지다 : (1) [=낙하하다·추락하다] fall; drop; get[have] a fall; come[go] down; be down; (비행기 등이) crash; (액체가) drip (2) [=(해·달이) 지다] set; sink; go down (3) [=분리되다] separate; part from[with]; fall apart (4) (붙었던 것이) come off; come apart; be off; become disjoined
* 떨어졌다 : past tense of 떨어지다 by '-였-'; 지 + -였 contracted into 졌; 었 changed into 였 for easy pronunciation
* 떨어졌는데요 : 떨어졌(the stem of 떨어졌다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 떨어졌습니다 : 떨어졌다(the stem of 떨어졌다) + 스(a suffix makes a verb honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -어 / -아 / -네 / -다 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -은데 : a non-honourific descriptive verb ending suffix
* a verb + -어 / -아 / -네 / -ㄴ데 / -는데 / -은데 + -요 : honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -습니다 / -ㅂ니다 : an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix by '스-' / ‘-ㅂ’
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* (-이/-가) 없다 : [Pronunciation: 업따; ㅅ + ㄷ should be always pronounced as 따] (1) be not ; noe exist; there is[are] not (2) don't have (3) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 없다] be unable to do
* 다 : all
* 떨어져 : 떨어지(the stem of 떨어지다) + -여(a connectibe suffix between two verbs; 지 + -여 contracted into 져; 어 changed into 여 for easy pronunciation)
* 가다 : (1) go (2) be out; go out; blow out
- 전깃불이 갔다 = 전깃줄이 나갔다 : The electric lights are out[have gone out]. / Electric lights has failed
* 나가다 : (1) [=외출하기 위해 밖으로 가다] go out (2) [=못쓰게 되다] be broken; go wrong; get out of order; [전기 등] go out; fail; be cut off <-- 나다(come out; move out) + 가다(go)
* 떨어져 나가다 : come off; fall off
* 나갔다 : past tense of 나가다 by '-았-'
* 가네 : 가(the stem of 가다) + -네(a non-honourific declarative verb ending suffix)
* 다음 : next
* 주유 : [注油] oiling; lubrication; [=급유] oil supply
* 주유하다 : oil; lubricate; fill; feed
- 기계에 주유하다 : oil[lubricate] a machine
* 주유기 [注油器] a lubricator; an oiler
* 주유소 : an oil[a filling] station; a gas[service] station
* -에서 : a place suffix means "a place where somethig takes places"
* 채우다 : [가득하게 하다] fill (up); pack(in); stuff; 만족시키다] satisfy; gratify; answer; meet; fulfill; fill; make good; make up for; fill up
- 술잔을 채우다 : fill a glass with wine / fill a wineglass
- 통에 물을 채우다 : fill a tub with water / fill up a tub
- 배를 채우다 : fill the stomach / eat one's fill
- 욕망을 채우다 : gratify[satisfy] one's desire
- 정욕을 채우다 : gratify one's lust
- 수요를 채우다 : supply[meet] the demand
- 조건을 채우다 : meet the conditions
- 부족을 채우다 : make good[make up (for)] a deficiency
- 결원을 채우다 : fill a vacant place / fill up a vacancy
- 임기를 채우다 : complete one's term of service
- 계약 기간을 채우다 : fulfill the period[term] of a contract
* 채워야겠다 : 채우(the stem of 채우다; 우 + -어 contracted into 워) + -어야/-아야/-여야(have to) + -겠(one's will) + -다(a non-honourific basic verb ending suffix)
* 채워야겠습니다 : 채우(the stem of 채우다; 우 + -어 contracted into 워) + -어야/-아야/-여야(have to) + -겠(one’s will) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* -어야/-아야/-여야겠다 : I will have to do ~
* 학교 : [學校] a school; a college; an academy; an educational establishment[institution]; an institution of learning
* -까지 : to; toward
* -는 : a suffix emphasizes 학교까지
* 가다 : go
* 갈 : 가(the stem of 가다; 가 + -ㄹ contracted into 갈) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense and adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 수 : a way; a method
* -가 : a particle makes 탈 수 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel; this omitted
* (-이/-가) 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있을까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -을(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + 까?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 이미 : already
* 시험 : [試驗] an examination; an exam; a test; a quiz ; [=면접] an interview
* -에 : a place suffix
* 늦은 : [Pronunciation: 느즌] late
* 늦다 : [Pronunciation: 늗따] be late
* 늦게 : an adverb form of 늦다
* 늦었다 : past tense of 늦다 by '-었-'
* 늦었는데요 : 늦었(the stem of 늦었다) + -는데(a suffix has a nuance of hesitation to say other people; this used after the stem of a verb ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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