Let's learn about "여기 식당차가 있나요?"

여기 식당차가 있나요? : Is there a dining car on this train?; Is there someplace where I can get something to eat or drink?

ex)

A. 이 기차에 식당차가 있나요? : Is there a dining car on this train?

B. 네, 있어요. 두 칸만 내려가시면 될 거예요 : Of course there is. I think it’s about two cars down

[other expressions]

<반말(talking down to)>

- 여기 식당차가 있니? (to younger people or friends)

- 여기 식당차가 있나? (to younger people or friends)

- 여기 식당차가 있냐? (to younger people or friends)

- 여기 식당차가 있어? (to younger people or friends)

<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>

- 여기 식당차가 있나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

- 여기 식당차가 있어요? (honourific by ‘-요’)

<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>

- 여기 식당차가 있습니까? (formal; more honourific by ‘-스)

[explanations]

* 여기 : here

* 이 : this

* 기차 = 열차 : train

* -에 : a place suffix means "on/at/in"

* 식당 : [食堂] a dining room[hall]; a mess hall; a buffet; a refreshment room; a refectory; [=음식점] a restaurant; an eating house

* 차 : [車] [=탈 것] a vehicle; a carriage; a conveyance; [=자동차] a motorcar; an automobile; a car; [=택시] a taxi; a van; a wagon; a lorry; a truck

* 식당차 : [食堂車] a dining car; a dining coach; a restaurant car; a diner; a buffet[refreshment] car

- 식당차를 연결하다 : attach a dining car to

- 이 열차에는 식당차가 연결되어 있습니다  :This train has a dining car attached to it

* -가 : a particle makes 식당차 subjective after a word ends in a consonant; this can be omitted

* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do

* 있나요? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -나?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(나?(an honourific ending suffix)

* 있습니까? : 있(the stem of 있다) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까?(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)

* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -어? :  a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix

* a verb +  -나? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix

* a verb + -습니까? / -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-스-‘ / ‘-요’

* 네 = 예 : yed

* 있어요 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -어(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)

* 두 : two

* 칸 : (1) [=방을 세는 단위] a room; a chamber (2) [=칸막이] a partition; a compartment (3) [=공간] (a) space; a blank (space)

- 네 칸 집 : a four-room(ed) house

- 방의 일부를 칸을 막다 : partition off a part of a room

- 알맞은 전치사를 써서 빈 칸을 채워라 : Fill (in) the blanks with appropriate prepositions

* -만 : only

* 내리다 : unload; let down

* 내려 : 내리(the stem of 내리다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여(a connection suffix between two verbs)

* 가다 : go

* 내려가다 : go down; walk down <-- 내려 가다

* 내려가시다 : an honourific form of 내려가다 by '-시-'

* 내려가면 : 내려가(the stem of 내려가다) + -면(if)

* 내려가시면 : 내려가시(the stem of 내려가시다) + -면(if)

* 되다 : (1) become (2) arrive in the sentence

* 될 : 되(the stem of 될; 되 + -ㄹ contracted into 될) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense)

* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing; a stuff)

* 이다 : be

* -ㄹ 거예요 / -ㄹ 것이다 : It wil ~

- 더 오래 걸릴 거예요 / 더 오래 걸릴 것이다 : It will take long more

* 거다 = 것이다

* 거네 = 것이네 : 것 + -이다 + -네

* 거야 = 것이야 : 것 + -이다 + -야

* 건데 = 것인데 : 것 + -이다 + -ㄴ데

* 거예요 = 것이에요 : 것 + -이다 + -에 + -요

* 겁니다 = 것입니다 : 것 + -이다 + -ㅂ니다