여긴 제 자리인데요 : This is my seat; This seat is mine; You are sitting in my seat; You’re in my seat
ex)
A. 제 자리인데요. 이 자리 번호가 제 표에 있잖아요 : You’re sitting in my seat. This seat number is on my ticket.
B. 음, 객차를 잘못 타신 것 같아요 : Hmm, I think you’re in the wrong car
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 여긴 내 자리다. (to younger people or friends)
- 여긴 내 자리네. (to younger people or friends)
- 여긴 내 자리야. (to younger people or friends)
- 여긴 내 자리인데. (to younger people or friends)
- 여긴 내 자린데 (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 여긴 제 자리네요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 여긴 제 자리인데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 여긴 제 자린데요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 여긴 제 자리예요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 여긴 제 자리입니다. (honourific by ‘-요’)
* [Memo]
* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) : 주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다
[explanations]
* 여긴 : a short form of 여기는
* 여기 : here
* -는 : a particle makes 여기 the topic of the sentence after a word ends in a vowel: this emphasizes 여기
* 내 : a short form of 나의
* 제 : a shorr form of 저의
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to the younger people or friend)
* 저 : I (non-honourific word to the elder people than me)
* -의 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 possesive
* 자리 : (1) [=좌석] a seat (2) [=공간] a room
* 이다 : be
* 자리인데 : 자리 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to say something while anticipating the listener's response: 듣는 사람의 반응을 기대하며 어떤 일에 대해 말하는 종결 어미)
* 자린데 : a short form of 자리인데; 리 + -인 contracted into 린
* 자리인데요 : 자리 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -ㄴ contracted into 인) + -ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to say something while anticipating the listener's response: 듣는 사람의 반응을 기대하며 어떤 일에 대해 말하는 종결 어미) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 자린데요 : a short form of 자리인데요; 리 + -인 contracted into 린
* 자리예요 : 자리 + 이(the stem of 이다; 이 + -여 contracted into 예 after a noun ends in a vowel) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 자리입니다 : 자리 + 이(the stem of 이다) + -ㅂ니다(an honourific descriptive verb ending suffix)
* a noun + -(이)다 / -(이)네 / -(이)야 / -인데 : a non-honourific descriptive form of 이다
* a noun + -(이)네 / -인데 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a noun + -이에요 / -예요 / -입니다 : an honourific descriptive form of 이다 by ‘-요’ / ‘-ㅂ'
* -이에요 : this is used after a word ends in a consonant
ex) 생각뿐이에요 : I think of you only
* -예요 : : this is used after a word ends in a vowel
ex) 바다예요 : this is the sea
* 이 : this
* 자리 : (1) [=좌석] a seat (2) [=공간] a room
* -가 : a particle makes 이 자리 subjective after a word ends in a vowel
* 내 : a short form of 나의
* 제 : a shorr form of 저의
* 나 : I (non-honourific word to the younger people or friend)
* 저 : I (non-honourific word to the elder people than me)
* -의 : a suffix makes 나 / 저 possesive
* 표 : [表] a table; a tabular statement[exhibit]; [=예정표] a schedule; a diagram; [=도표] a chart; [목록] a list; [=표의 형식] tabular form
- 통계표 : the tabulation of statistics
* 표 : [票] (1) a card; a label; [=이름표] a name card; [=좌석표] a place card; a tab; [=꼬리표] a tag; [=(짐·신발 등의) 보관표] a receipt; a check; [=번호표] a number check; [=정가표·전당표 등] a ticket; [=꼬리표] a tally; a chit; a coupon (2) [=차표·배표·입장권 등] a ticket; a coupon (ticket)
* 기차표 : a train ticket
* 버스표 : a bus ticket
* -에 : a place suffix means "on"
* 있다 : [Pronunciation: 읻따] (1) be; exist; there is[are] (2) [as the form of -를/을/-ㄹ 수 있다] be able to do
* 있잖아 : 있(the stem of 있다) + -잖아(this expresses certainty or his insistence to carry one’s point or opinion) + -요(an honourific ending suffix) --> this shows someone's way of talking in a pointed manner(이 말은 따지듯이 말하는 태도를 보여준다)
* -잖아(요) : this expresses certainty or his insistence to carry one’s point or opinion
* About -잖아요 see this site : https://www.howtostudykorean.com/upper-intermediate-korean-grammar/unit-4-lessons-84-91/lesson-90/
example)
(1) -있잖아 / -있잖니 : guess what : I’ll tell you what
(2) 걔가 했다고 했잖아(요) or 그 애가 했다고 내가 분명히 말했다 : I’m sure he did. / I said to you that he did
(3) 내가 확실히 말했잖아요 or 내가 분명히 얘기 했잖아요 : I'm sure I told you
* 음 : hmm
* 객차 : [客車] a passenger car; a coach; a (passenger) carriage
- 일등 객차 : a first-class car[carriage]
- 특별객차 : a family saloon / a parlor car
- 객차편(에/으로) : (by) means of a passenger train / (by) a passenger train
* 화차 : [貨車] (1) [=짐차] a freight[goods] train; a freight car; a goods wagon (2) [=화물 자동차] a freight car
* -를 : a particle makes 객차 objective after a word ends in a vowel
* 잘못 : [=과실] a fault; an error; a misstep; a slip; [=오류] a mistake; [=죄과] a blame
- 큰 잘못 : a gross error
- 작은 잘못 : a slight/minor error
- 잘못을 깨닫다 : notice a mistake[an error]
- 잘못을 저지르다 : make a mistake / err
- 잘못을 인정하다 :admit[acknowledge] a mistake
- 자기 잘못을 깨닫다 : realize[see / perceive] one's error
* 잘못하다 : make a mistake[an error]; err; do wrongly[improperly / amiss]; misdo; blunder
* 잘못되다 : go wrong[badly] / be unsuccessful / make a mess of
* 타다 : (1) ride (2) get in a taxi; get on a bus (3) burn (4) be sunburn (5) parch (6) climb; go up (6) do skating (7) mix (8) receive; be awarded (9) split (10) be sensitive (11) play on instruments like piano (12) do (diving)
* 탄 : 타(the stem of 타다; 타 + -ㄴ contracted into 탄) + -ㄴ(a suffix makes a verb past tense and adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 거 : a short form of 것(a thing)
* -는/-ㄴ 거 같다 = -는/-ㄴ 것 같다 : I think that ~; something seems ~; something looks ~
* 같다 : [Pronunciation: 갇따] (1) be equal to (2) seem; look (3) I think in the sentence
* 같은데요 : [Pronunciation: 가튼데요] 같(the stem of 같다) + -은데/-ㄴ데(A sentence-final ending used to admire something while anticipating the listener's response; A sentence-final ending used to ask the listener while anticipating his/her answer; A connective ending used to talk in advance about a situation to follow) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 같아요 : [Pronunciation: 가타요] 같(the stem
of 같다) + -아(a declarative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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