시청에서 갈아타세요 : You should transfer over at City Hall; Transfer over at City Hall; You have to transfer over at City Hall; Your best bet is to transfer over at City Hall.
ex)
A. 시청에서 갈아타세요 : You should transfer over at City Hall
B. 몇 호선으로 갈아타는 거죠? : Which line am I transferring to?
A. 2호선이요 : To the green line
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 시청에서 갈아타. (to younger people or friends)
- 시청에서 갈아타라. (to younger people or friends)
- 시청에서 갈아탈래. (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 시청에서 갈아타요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 시청에서 갈아탈래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
<극존칭(high honorific; extreme honorific)>
- 시청에서 갈아타실래요. (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 시청에서 갈아타세요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 시청에서 갈아타셔요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 시청에서 갈아타시지요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 시청에서 갈아타시죠. (more honourific by ‘시’; -시죠 is a short form of -시지요)
- 시청에서 갈아타십시오. (formal; more honourific by ‘시’)
- 시청에서 갈아타시겠어요. (more honourific by ‘시’)
- 시청에서 갈아타시겠습니까. (more honourific by ‘시’)
[explanations]
* 시청 : [市廳] a municipal[city] office; [=청사] a city[municipal] hall; the City Administration Building
* 시청 : [視聽] looking and listening; [=주의] attention
- 텔레비전 시청료 : a TV subscription fee
* 시청하다 : look and listen; see and hear
- TV를 시청하다 : teleview / watch television
* -에 : where someone or something exists or direction of travel. 에 is usually used with action verbs or 있다 / 없다.
* -에서 : where an action takes place
* 갈아타다 : transfer <-- 갈다(change) + -아(a connective suffix between two verbs) + 타다(ride; get on; get in)
* 갈아타시다 : an honourific word of 갈아타다 by '-시-'
* 갈아타 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다; 타 + -아 contracted into 타) + -아(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 갈아타라 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다; 리 + -여 contracted into 려) + -여라(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 갈아탈래 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다; 타 + -ㄹ contracted into 탈) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~")
* 갈아탈래요 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다; 타 + -ㄹ contracted into 탈) -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 갈아타실래요 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㄹ(a suffix makes a verb future tense) + -래(a propositive verb ending suffix means "Please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 갈아타세요 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 갈아타셔요 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -여(a propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 갈아타시지요 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -지(a propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 갈아타십시오 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ시오(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~")
* 갈아타시겠어요 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's reply) + -어(a propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~") + -요(an honourific verb ending suffix)
* 갈아타시겠습니까 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -시(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -겠(a suffix asks the listener's reply) + -스(a suffix makes a verb more honourific) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~")
* a verb + -여 / -여라 / -ㄹ래 : a non-honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~"
* a verb + -ㄹ래 + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -실래요 / -세요 / -셔요 / -십시오 / -시지요 / -시죠 / -시겠어요 / -시겠습니까 : an honourific propositive verb ending suffix means "please ~"
* 몇 : how much; how many
* 호선 : a unit calls a subway line
* -으로/-로 : to; toward
* 갈아타다 : transfer <-- 갈다(change) + -아(a connective suffix between two verbs) + 타다(ride; get on; get in)
* 갈아타시다 : an honourific word of 갈아타다 by '-시-'
* 갈아타는 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -는(a suffix makes a verb adnominal)
* adnominal [관형사(형)] : an adjective or a modifying phrase attached to or modifying a noun, a noun phrase, a noun clause or a noun sentence
* adverbial [부사(형)] : an adverb attached to or modifying a verb
* 거 : a short form of 것(thing)
* 이다 : be
* 거니? : a short form of 것이니?
* 거냐? : a short form of 것이냐?
* 거야? : a short form of 것이야?
* 건가? : a short form of 것인가?
* 건지? : a short form of 것인지?
* 거지? : a short form of 것이지?
* 건가요? : a short form of 것인가요?
* 건지요? : a short form of 것인지요?
* 거지요? : a short form of 것이지요?
* 거죠? : a short form of 것이죠?
* 거예요? : a short form of 것이에요?
* 겁니까? : a short form of 것입니까?
* 2호선 : [Pronunciation: 이호선] 2 line; the green line
* 이다 : be
* 2호선(이)요 : 2호선 + -이(the stem of 이다; this often omitted) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
<Remarks>
Korean, Sanskrit, and English share the following concepts from a linguistic perspective
1) -는 것 modifying nouns with verbs
• "the stem of a verb + -는" modifies a noun ans become an adnominal
•"-는" has the a little long open pronunciation, therefore it indicates present tense or exhibit conventional & habitual behavior
•"-in(g)"(-인/-잉) in English is the same as above
2) -ㄴ 것 : -ㄴ/-은 것 for the past tense
•"the stem of a verb + -ㄴ/-은" become the past tense of the verb
•"-ㄴ/-은" has the short close pronunciation, that is to say, The pronunciation of the verb suddenly stops, conceptualizing the past or past perfect in which the action has already ended
•"-nt"(-ㄴㅌ) or "-ed"(-ㄷ) in English is the same as above
•"-았-/-었-/-였-"(these has the "-ㄷ" in common) in Korean is the same as above
3) -ㄹ 것 : -ㄹ/-을 것 for the future tense
•"the stem of a verb + -ㄹ/-을" become the future tense of the verb
•"-ㄹ/-을" has the long open pronunciation, therefore It was conceptualized that the long pronunciation of a verb without stopping means the future
•"-ll" of "shall" and "will" is the same as above
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