어느 역에서 갈아타야 하나요? = 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되나요?: Can you tell me at what station I should transfer?; Where do I have to transfer?; Where do I transfer?; Tell me where I have to change lines.
* 갈아타다 : transfer
ex)
A. 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하나요? : Can you tell me at which station I should transfer?
B. 어디 가신다고 하셨죠? : Tell me where you’re going again?
[other expressions]
<반말(talking down to)>
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하니? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하나? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하지? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 해? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되니? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되나? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되지? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되냐? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되는가? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되는지? (to younger people or friends)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 돼? (to younger people or friends)
<존칭/존댓말/높임말/경어(honorific)>
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 a short form of -지요?)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 하는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 해요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 합니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되나요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되죠? (honourific by ‘-요’; -죠 a short form of -지요?)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되는가요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 되는지요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 돼요? (honourific by ‘-요’)
- 어느 역에서 갈아타야 됩니까? (formal; honourific by ‘-ㅂ’)
* [Memo]
* Extreme honorifics(극존칭) are not used when the subject(주어) is not a person(사람). In other words, extreme honorifics(극존칭) are used only when the subject(주어) is a person(사람) : 주어가 사람이 아닌 경우는 극존칭을 사용하지 않는다. 즉, 주어가 사람인 경우에만 극존칭을 사용한다
[explanations]
* 어디 : where; which; what
* 역 : [驛] a railroad[railway] station; a (railroad) depot; a stop
- 서울 역 Seoul Station
- 출발역 : a departure station
- 도착역 : an arrival station
- 종착역 : a terminal station / a terminus
* -에서 : a place suffix means "at/on"
<Remarks>
* -에 refers to where someone or something exists or direction of travel. 에 is usually used with action verbs or 있다 / 없다
* -에서 refers to where an action takes place
* which all of you should be fairly familiar with. There are also some exceptions such as 살다 can be used with both 에 and 에서
* 갈아타다 : transfer <-- 갈다(change) + -아(a connective suffix between two verbs) + 타다(ride; get on; get in)
* 갈아타야 : 갈아타(the stem of 갈아타다) + -어야/-아야/-여야(have to)
* 하다 : do
* 되다 : become
* -어야/-아야/-여야 하다 = : -어야/-아야/-여야 되다 : have to do; must do
* 하는가? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -는가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 하는지? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -는지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 해? : 하(the stem of 하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 해요? : 하(the stem of 하다; 하 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 합니까? : 하(the stem of 하다) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 되다 : (1) become (2) [In interrogative with -어도 / -여도] Could ~; Can ~ (4) [as the form of -어야/-아야/-여야 되다] have to do; must
* 되는가? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -는가?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 되는지? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -는지?(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix; -는가 is used after the stem of a word ends in a vowel)
* 돼? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -어 contracted into 돼) + -어(a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* 돼요? : 되(the stem of 되다; 되 + -어 contracted into 해) + -어(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
* 됩니까? : 되(the stem of 되다) + -ㅂ니까(an honourific interrogative verb ending suffix)
* a verb + -니? / -나? / -냐? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? : a non-honourific interrogative verb ending suffix
* a verb + -나? / -지? / -는가? / -는지? / -어? + -요 : an honourific verb ending suffix
* a verb + -ㅂ니까? : an honourific interrgative verb ending suffix by ‘-ㅂ-‘
* 어디 : (1) where (2) [=어디로] to where
* -으로/-로 : to; toward
* 가다 : go
* 가시다 : an honourific word of 가다 by '-시-'
* 간다 : present tense of 가다 by '-ㄴ'
* 가신다 : present tense of 가시다 by '-ㄴ'
* 간다고 : 가(the stem of 가다; 가 + -ㄴ contracted into 간) + -ㄴ다고(A sentence-final ending used to ask again about a fact that one heard and confirm it: 들은 사실을 되물으면서 확인함을 나타내는 종결 어미)
* 가신다고 : 가시(the stem of 가시다; 시 + ㄴ contracted into 신) + -ㄴ다고(A sentence-final ending used to ask again about a fact that one heard and confirm it: 들은 사실을 되물으면서 확인함을 나타내는 종결 어미)
* 하다 : (1) do (2) say; tell; speak in the sentence
* 하시다 : an honourific word of 하다 by '-시-'
* 했다 : past tense of 하다 by '-었-'; 하 + -었 contracted into 했
* 하셨다 : past tense of 하시다 by '-였-'; 시 + -였 contracted into 셨
* 하셨죠? : a short form of 하셨지요?
* 하셨지요? : 하셨(the stem of 하셨다) + -지?(an interrogative verb ending suffix) + -요(an honourific ending suffix)
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